改进的PICKETT法在Y油田低阻油层识别中的应用

对Y油田低阻油层岩心资料(孔隙度,渗透率,颗粒密度,毛管压力曲线,电性参数,相对渗透率实验,薄片分析,X衍射,扫描电镜,粘土矿物)、录井、测井以及试油资料的分析结果表明,低阻油层的主要影响因素包括:①复杂的孔隙结构,尤其是微孔隙较发育,导致了高的束缚水饱和度;②粘土含量高,粘土矿物(高岭石,伊利石)吸附了大量的束缚水,导致了含水饱和度的增高;③粘土矿物的附加导电性(高Qv值);④咸水钻井泥浆条件下泥浆滤液的侵入。PICKETT法可用于储层评价,主要是根据测井资料和岩心资料建立深探测电阻率与孔隙度的交会图。将改进的PICKETT法用于识别Y油田低阻油层,是在原方法的基础上,通过毛细管压力曲线将自由水界面之上的高度集成到PICKETT图中,取得了满意的效果。

基于变岩电Pickett图版低孔隙度低渗透率储层流体评价

从低孔隙度低渗透率储层的岩电、压汞实验出发,提出以孔隙结构控制储层导电性为基础,利用储层品质因子计算变岩电参数的高精度模型,结合储层品质特征,改进并建立变岩电参数的Pickett图版,在数值模拟的基础上,给出了变岩电Pickett图版建立的物理意义,并对比分析了固定岩电参数与变岩电参数Pickett图版、不同储层类型的Pickett图版异同点,明确了低孔隙度低渗透率储层饱和度计算误差主控成因及渤海湾盆地中深层出现的高电阻率水层的导电机理,在实际测井资料定性及半定量解释中显示了较好的效果,为油田的低孔隙度低渗透率储层勘探开发提供可靠的参数及流体性质评价方法。

Application of Cross-Plotting Techniques for Delineation of Coal and Non-Coal Litho-Units from Well Logs

Well log responses can be used to delineate coal and carbonaceous shale from other non-potential litho-units by cross-plotting technique. The cross-plotting between gamma ray and density had been carried out for 15 wells of Jharia coalfield, India. Through these different cross-plots across the study area, different litho-units like;coal, shaly coal, carbonaceous shale, shale, sand/sandstone, shaly sand, jhama and igneous intrusion (mica peridotite) have been identified. Clustering of points for different lithologies in the above cross-plots indicate that the different trends with marginal overlap between carbonaceous shale/shaly coal and shale as well as shaly sand and shale. The coal horizons are mostly overlain and underlain by shale or sandstone. Cross-plot analysis indicates the various coal lithologies which will play important role in CBM exploration and exploitation strategy.

浅析X探区地层水电阻率

地层水电阻率是计算储层含水饱和度的一个重要参数。但在油田勘探初期,往往没有水样分析资料,所以如何确定地层水电阻率是一个相对棘手的问题。此文收集了X探区的测井资料,从寻找典型纯水层开始,对不同地质层位纯水层进行分类统计,最后利用PICKETT交会图法确定地层水电阻率的大小,在后期的流体识别中应用效果良好。

南翼山Ⅰ+Ⅱ油组油水层测井解释图版建立

利用岩心物性分析、岩电等实验数据，结合CMR测井资料，基于岩心刻度测井的思路建立了南翼山Ⅰ＋Ⅱ油纽储层孔隙度、渗透率、含油饱和度等参数的解释模型。选取试油试采层段数据，结合Rt—POR两参数Pickett交会图技术，建立了Ⅰ＋Ⅱ油组油水层测井精细解释图版。由此对南翼山新钻的多口井进行了储层参数计算和油水层识别。经生产测试资料检验，该法对南翼山Ⅰ＋Ⅱ油组储层流体性质的识别有较高的分辨率，值得推广应用。

响应面法优化头孢菌素C发酵条件

目的研究顶头孢霉发酵制备头孢菌素C的过程,确定关键影响因素,优化发酵条件,提高发酵水平。方法采用Plackett-Burman方法对影响头孢菌素C发酵水平的11个因素进行考察,评估各因素的影响程度,筛查影响发酵水平的关键因素,再采用响应面方法建立这些因素与发酵水平间的数学模型,为发酵条件的优化提供指导。结果Plackett-Burman实验发现,金枪鱼浸膏浓度和蛋氨酸浓度是对头孢菌素C发酵产量影响最显著的2个因素,经响应面方法优化后头孢菌素C的产量从32.59g/L提高到了35.99g/L,提高了10.4%。结论合适浓度的金枪鱼浸膏和蛋氨酸可提高头孢菌素C发酵产量,通过统计优化方法,可有效提高头孢菌素C发酵水平。

Application of seismic facies and attributes analysis on the identification of Permian igneous rock

Seismic facies and attributes analysis techniques are introduced.The geological characteristics of some oil fields in western China are used in conjunction with drilling results and logging data to identify the lithology,intrusion periods,and distribution range of the Permian igneous rocks in this area.The lithologic classification,the vertical and horizontal distribution,and the intrusion periods of igneous rock were deduced through this study.Combining seismic facies and attributes analysis based on optimization can describe the igneous rock in detail.This is an efficient way to identify lithology and intrusion periods.Using geological data and GR-DT logging cross-plots the Permian igneous rock from TP to TT was divided into three periods.The lithology of the first period is tuff and clasolite with a thickness ranging from 18 to 80 ms.The second is basalt with a thickness ranging from 0 to 20 ms.The third is tuff and clasolite and dacite whose thickness ranges from 60 to 80 ms.These results can help understand the clasolite trap with low amplitude and the lithologic trap of the Carboniferous and Silurian.They can also guide further oil and/or gas exploration.

皮克特图版在含泥质砂岩储层测井解释评价中的改进及应用

经典皮克特图版由阿尔奇公式推导而来,但无法处理泥质砂岩储层。本文以南海西部海域W油田作为研究对象,从印度尼西亚公式出发,对经典皮克特图版进行改进,开发出了泥质砂岩皮克特图版。通过对比分析经典皮克特图版与泥质砂岩皮克特图版的不同,指出在含泥质砂岩储层测井解释评价中使用泥质砂岩皮克特图版的重要性,并提出利用迭代法精确求解地层水电阻率及岩电参数的方法。研究表明:使用改进的泥质砂岩皮克特图版计算得到的地层水电阻率与纯水层的计算结果保持一致;同时,相比于经验值,使用迭代法求解出的地层水电阻率及岩电参数与实际情况更为吻合。

Evaluation of the Influence of Shale on the Petrophysical Properties of Hydrocarbon-Bearing Reservoir Sand in “CAC” Field in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

This study aims at evaluating the influence of the presence of shale on the quality of reservoir sand in “CAC-Field”, Coastal swamp Niger Delta by integrating suites of well logs and 3D pre-stack seismic data. Shales in the reservoir pose interpretation challenges as they form baffles to fluid flow and reduce effective porosity. The data used included well logs (density, gamma ray, neutron, resistivity) and 3D seismic data. Petrel and Interactive Petrophysics software were adopted for the analyses. The Vclay/effective porosity cross-plots were used to determine the clay distribution patterns hence the influence of shale on the petrophysical properties of the hydrocarbon reservoir. Result of the well correlation yielded 12 reservoirs with 4 (RES 4 - RES 7) being hydrocarbon bearing and laterally continuous across the 4 wells, (CAC-1 - CAC-4) forming the focus of the study. Evidence of an NW-SE trending delta progradation in the CAC field is represented by the increasing sandiness downdip, at both intermediate and the shallow horizons. Thickening of the reservoir in some instances may be structurally controlled due to faulting. The results from the petrophysical evaluation show Vclay ranges of 13% - 21% and good to very good porosity values that vary from 15% - 25%. The permeability range from 240.49 - 2406.49 mD except for the sands in RES 7, CAC-3 well where the permeability was low (91 mD). Additionally, the Vclay/Effective Porosity cross-plots indicate essentially laminated and structural clay types with few dispersed clay in RES 7, CAC-3 well. The existence of these 3 clay types did not significantly influence the quality of the sands containing the hydrocarbon in the area, except in RES 7, CAC-3. The compartmentalizing effect of the laminated clay/shale could only possibly affect the vertical flow due to possible baffles to the vertical flow, but the horizontal flow may not have been impeded significantly. The study of the type and pattern of clay has helped to better evaluate the quality and mobility trend of the hydrocarbon in the CAC field.

海外某油田碳酸盐岩储层水淹层测井识别与评价方法研究

碳酸盐岩地层水淹层识别与评价是当今油田开发中的一个难题。本文在常规测井响应特征研究的基础上,结合试油、生产层位数据统计及邻井地层对比,提出了电阻率-声波时差镜像法、声波时差与电阻率比值法、邻井对比法三种水淹层定性识别方法,在实际应用中取得了较好的效果。提出了利用本井测井曲线确定的水线和Rwa计算混合水饱和度的方法,可以避免各井间的测量系统误差,避免与实验室化验的矿化度的误差。本方法是把测井资料与试油(生产信息)资料相结合,利用常规测井资料对水淹区储层流体定性与半定量评价,建议了水淹层识别方法,提高了解释符合率。

观察闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折的临床效果

目的:对闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗儿童肱骨髁上骨折的临床效果进行调研和分析。方法:选择2017年1月-2019年5月到我院骨科接受肱骨髁上骨折的40例患者作为调研对象,以随机法分为对照组20例和观察组20例。其中,对照组患者接受传统手术治疗;观察组患者实施闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定治疗。观察并对比2组患者术后并发症情况以及关节功能恢复情况。结果:观察组患者术后并发症总发生率10.00%,明显低于对照组40.00%,且关节功能恢复优良率80.00%,高于对照组60.00%(P<0.05)。结论:在肱骨髁上骨折患者接受治疗的过程中,采用闭合复位经皮克氏针内固定疗法的治疗效果良好,值得在临床治疗中推广。

不同渗透性储层Biot系数测试方法研究及其影响因素分析

对不同渗透性天然岩芯分别以Cross-plotting法、排水实验法与声波动态法测试其Biot系数,结果表明,对于中高渗岩芯,其结果为k e a?>?>?(k?为Cross-plotting法Biot系数值,e?为排水实验法Biot系数值,a?为声波动态法Biot系数值),而低渗岩芯则无法通过排水实验法获取Biot系数。Cross-plotting法测试结果表明,高渗岩芯Biot系数为0.90~1.00内,中渗岩芯为0.80~0.90,而低渗岩芯Biot系数为0.60~0.75。砂岩等中高渗岩芯推荐用排水实验法获得Biot系数,而低渗岩芯则推荐通过Cross-plotting法测试Biot系数。最后,讨论Biot系数的影响因素。

Determination of gas reservoir(s) using AVO inversion within “XY” field offshore Niger Delta

The AVO inversion analysis of pre-stack seismic data of“XY”field located within the offshore,Niger Delta Basin has been considered in this research work with the aim of using AVO inversion to delineate gas reservoirs within the field.Three different inversion techniques are carried out in order to obtain accurate reservoir signature.The conventional AVO inversion analysis of the field do not identify the gas reservoirs clearly as there are other zones without gas with similar signatures,however,the cross-plots analysis of elastic parameters and the inverted volumes are used to delineate two gas reservoirs at 2000 and 2100 ms.Conclusively,the inversion techniques help to map the reservoir zone in a better way by increasing the vertical resolution.AVO inversion analysis as used in this research help for better understanding of the physical properties of the delineated reservoirs.