“猪-草-鱼”生态循环养殖池塘水体营养盐及浮游植物群落结构研究

"猪-草-鱼"生态种养模式是将猪粪尿经过发酵处理后种植优质高产牧草,再用牧草养鱼的一种生态高效种养模式。以"猪-草-鱼"生态种养模式为研究对象,研究该模式中池塘水体营养盐及浮游植物群落结构变化,监测水体温度(T)、溶解氧(DO)、pH、透明度(TS)、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH_4^+-N)、硝酸盐(NO_3^--N)、亚硝酸盐(NO_2^--N)、总磷(TP)、磷酸盐(PO_4^(3-)-P)、化学需氧量(COD)、浮游植物群落结构。结果表明,NO_3^--N、PO_4^(3-)-P、pH、DO和TDS是控制"猪-草-鱼"生态种养模式中池塘浮游植物群落结构的主要水环境因子。NH_4^+-N、NO_2^--N、PO_4^(3-)-P含量的最高值分别为0.61、0.03、0.16 mg/L,COD呈逐渐下降趋势,为21.89~32.46 mg/L。养殖前期及中期,蓝藻种群在水体中占绝对优势,分别占83.58%、89.17%;后期蓝藻种群优势显著下降,占52.18%,绿藻占43.80%。养殖前期浮游植物平均丰度为7.78×10~7个/L,中期为7.81×10~7个/L,后期为1.54×10~8个/L。养殖前期浮游植物平均生物量为11.05 mg/L,中期为8.46 mg/L,后期为18.72 mg/L。浮游植物群落多样性指数为1.32~2.63,且浮游植物群落多样性指数整体表现为养殖后期显著高于前期和中期。"猪-草-鱼"生态种养模式对水环境产生的生态效果显著,不会导致水体N、P过量累积,一定程度上抑制水体富营养化,且浮游植物群落多样性指数提高,池塘生态系统更加稳定。

“草、猪、鸭、鱼”生态农业的研究

通过在恒湖水产场以“寓研究于生产”的方式，开展“草猪鱼”、“草猪鸭鱼”、“草鸭鱼”和“草鱼”（对照）４种模式的对比试验，结果得出：（１）有猪鸭的３种模式均优于对照；（２）“草鸭鱼”的３个效益依次优于“草猪鸭鱼”、“草猪鱼”；（３）在生产上选择模式应根据条件的具备程度，依次采用“草猪鱼”、“草猪鸭鱼”、“草鸭鱼”为宜；（４）猪鸭鱼比例、粪肥使用原则及以防为主的猪鸭鱼疾病防治等是有猪鸭的各种模式的关键技术。

县域环境污染综合整治中低碳高值农业技术研究——以韶山灌区在建生态循环农业园种养业发展为例(英文)

The comprehensive improvement strategy of intra-county environment pollution in the city and countryside was searched.By the research method which combined the microscopic view,the macroscopic view with the dynamic perspective,the seriousness of rural water quality,soil and atmospheric pollution in Xiangxiang,Xiangtan and the surrounding areas in Shaoshan irrigated area was revealed.The control measure which was 'four-dimensional pollution in the city and countryside'—— low-carbon-high-value agriculture and the technology innovation was proposed.The low-carbon-high-value technology innovation industrialization demonstration in three parts which included the pre-production,mid-production and post-production deep-processing of cultivation and breeding industry in the ecological cyclic agricultural garden in Shaoshan irrigated area was the driving force.We tried to propel the low-carbon ecological cultivation and breeding industry which included the paddy rice,grass,tree,medicinal herbs and pig,cow,chick,duck,fish.We wanted to relieve the structural unbalance of previous cultivation and breeding industry,'cheap grain hurting the farmers' and the short-leg problem of social-economic-ecological benefit.The results showed that the low-carbon-high-value agricultural system was a poly-generation technology system which promoted the multi-level and grading utilization,saved the energy,reduced the consumption and cleaned the production based on the ecology.

猪草鱼综合养殖试验

1993、1994两年试验证明：猪、草、鱼养殖模式具有节省饲料、肥料，低耗高效等优点。试验表明，用此模式，每百公斤猪粪可产草128.8kg，喂草鱼可产草鱼5kg，带动滤食鱼3.5kg，比用猪粪直接养鱼增产240％。试验表明：主养草鱼，适当搭养其他品种才能取得高效益。搭配比例为：草鱼45～50％，鲢、鳙30～35％，鲤15％，鲫、鲂5％。