An Alternative Way to Mapping Cone: The Algebraic Topology of the Pinched Tensor

In this research, we explore the properties and applications of the mapping cone and its variant, the pinched mapping cone. The mapping cone is a construction that arises naturally in algebraic topology and is used to study the homotopy type of spaces. It has several key properties, including its homotopy equivalence to the cofiber of a continuous map, and its ability to compute homotopy groups using the long exact sequence associated with the cofiber. We also provide an overview of the properties and applications of the mapping cone and the pinched mapping cone in algebraic topology. This work highlights the importance of these constructions in the study of homotopy theory and the calculation of homotopy groups. The study also points to the potential for further research in this area which includes the study of higher homotopy groups and the applications of these constructions to other areas of mathematics.

Pinched流形上等距群的几个性质

本文建立了 Ｐｉｎｃｈｅｄ流形 Ｘ上等距群 Ｍ（Ｘ）中的Ｊｏｒｇｅｎｓｅｎ型不等式；证得了Ｍ（Ｘ）中非初等群的一个几何特征；得到了 Ｍ（Ｘ）中子群的两个离散准则．

GEOMETRIC INEQUALITIES FOR CERTAIN SUBMANIFOLDS IN A PINCHED RIEMANNIAN MANIFOLD

This article gives some geometric inequalities for a submanifold with parallel second fundamental form in a pinched Riemannian manifold and the distribution for the square norm of its second fundamental form.

Pinched黎曼流形中具有平行平均曲率向量的闭子流形

研究了完备Pinched黎曼流形Nn+p中的具有平行平均曲率向量的闭子流形,获得这类子流形的一般积分不等式以及这类子流形满足α(n,p)(1-c)≤σ≤[n+G(n,H,Sn+1)](1-13sgn(p-2))-β(n,p)(1-c)的条件下的子流形分布定理,从而把Hong_weiXu在[3]中关于极小子流形的研究推广到具有平行平均曲率向量的闭子流形的研究.

Pinched Material Einstein Space-Time Produces Accelerated Cosmic Expansion

An instructive analogy between the deformation of a pinched elastic cylindrical shell and the anti-gravity behind accelerated cosmic expansion is established. Subsequently the entire model is interpreted in terms of a hyperbolic fractal Rindler space-time leading to the same robust results regarding real energy and dark energy being 4.5% and 95.5% respectively in full agreement with all recent cosmological measurements.

Fusion of Multi-Pinched Plasma Beams Converging with Spatial Symmetry

Fusion reactions can be achieved by using deuterium from sea water as the fuel.The amount of deuterium in one gallon of sea water contains energy equivalent to three hundred gallons of gasoline.Satisfactory conditions of plasma temperature and density necessary to initiate fusion have been achieved in various research facilities.However,the confinement time is not sufficient for ignition due to plasma instabilities.Here we show that fatal plasma instabilities could be suppressed by the ingenious arrangement of multi-pinched plasma beams converging symmetrically in space based on the minimization principle of plasma potential energy.Confirmation tests are proposed using tiny wires containing deuterium.If successful,the results could lead to a feasible approach to obtaining commercial fusion power from sea water,hence without the need to use expensive and radioactive tritium as the fuel.

MANIFOLDS WITH POINTWISE PINCHED RICCI CURVATURE

In this article, the author proves a compactness result about Riemannian manifolds with an arbitrary pointwisely pinched Ricci curvature tensor.

Direct scaling of residual displacements for bilinear and pinching oscillators

The estimation of residual displacements in a structure due to an anticipated earthquake event has increasingly become an important component of performance-based earthquake engineering because controlling these displacements plays an important role in ensuring cost-feasible or cost-effective repairs in a damaged structure after the event.An attempt is made in this study to obtain statistical estimates of constant-ductility residual displacement spectra for bilinear and pinching oscillators with 5%initial damping,directly in terms of easily available seismological,site,and model parameters.None of the available models for the bilinear and pinching oscillators are useful when design spectra for a seismic hazard at a site are not available.The statistical estimates of a residual displacement spectrum are proposed in terms of earthquake magnitude,epicentral distance,site geology parameter,and three model parameters for a given set of ductility demand and a hysteretic energy capacity coefficient in the case of bilinear and pinching models,as well as for a given set of pinching parameters for displacement and strength at the breakpoint in the case of pinching model alone.The proposed scaling model is applicable to horizontal ground motions in the western U.S.for earthquake magnitudes less than 7 or epicentral distances greater than 20 km.

Utilization of Logistical Regression to the Modified Sine-Gordon Model in the MST Experiment

In this paper, a logistical regression statistical analysis (LR) is presented for a set of variables used in experimental measurements in reversed field pinch (RFP) machines, commonly known as “slinky mode” (SM), observed to travel around the torus in Madison Symmetric Torus (MST). The LR analysis is used to utilize the modified Sine-Gordon dynamic equation model to predict with high confidence whether the slinky mode will lock or not lock when compared to the experimentally measured motion of the slinky mode. It is observed that under certain conditions, the slinky mode “locks” at or near the intersection of poloidal and/or toroidal gaps in MST. However, locked mode cease to travel around the torus;while unlocked mode keeps traveling without a change in the energy, making it hard to determine an exact set of conditions to predict locking/unlocking behaviour. The significant key model parameters determined by LR analysis are shown to improve the Sine-Gordon model’s ability to determine the locking/unlocking of magnetohydrodyamic (MHD) modes. The LR analysis of measured variables provides high confidence in anticipating locking versus unlocking of slinky mode proven by relational comparisons between simulations and the experimentally measured motion of the slinky mode in MST.

Minimal surfaces in a unit sphere pinched by intrinsic curvature and normal curvature

We establish a nice orthonormal frame field on a closed surface minimally immersed in a unit sphere Sn, under which the shape operators take very simple forms. Using this frame field, we obtain an interesting property K + K^N= 1 for the Gauss curvature K and the normal curvature K^N if the Gauss curvature is positive. Moreover, using this property we obtain the pinching on the intrinsic curvature and normal curvature, the pinching on the normal curvature, respectively.

BTF3在口腔鳞状细胞癌组织中的表达及其与PINCH的相关性

目的:探讨基础转录因子3(basic transcription factor 3,BTF3)在口腔鳞状细胞癌(oral squamous cell carcinoma,OSCC)组织中的表达及其与PINCH的相关性。方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测BTF3在73对OSCC组织及相邻癌旁正常组织(45例伴淋巴结转移)中的表达,并通过肿瘤基因组图谱(the Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库分析BTF3、PINCH在OSCC组织及相邻癌旁正常组织中的表达以验证免疫组织化学检测结果。分析BTF3表达与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤分化程度及淋巴结转移等临床病理参数的关系及其与PINCH在OSCC中表达的相关性。结果:免疫组织化学检测结果显示,BTF3在OSCC组织中的表达明显高于相邻癌旁正常组织(60.27%vs 39.73%,P=0.013);TCGA数据库分析显示,OSCC组织中BTF3、PINCH的阳性表达率均显著高于二者在相邻癌旁正常组织中的阳性表达率。在OSCC中,BTF3在淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率明显高于其在无淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率(71.11%vs 42.86%,P=0.016);BTF3在低分化组OSCC中的阳性表达率明显高于其在高分化组OSCC中的阳性表达率(71.43%vs 45.16%,P=0.023);BTF3的表达与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小和部位无相关性(P>0.05);BTF3和PINCH在OSCC中的表达呈正相关(r=0.286,P=0.015)。结论:BTF3与OSCC的发生、发展及淋巴结转移有关,有望成为判断OSCC发生、发展及预测淋巴结转移的潜在分子标志物,其机制可能与PINCH正协同作用有关。

PINCH蛋白在人喉鳞状细胞癌中的表达以及低氧对其表达的影响

目的:探讨PINCH蛋白在人喉鳞癌组织中的表达以及低氧对其表达的影响。方法:采用免疫组织化学ABC法检测PINCH蛋白在62例病理证实有淋巴结转移的喉鳞癌及22例未见淋巴结转移的原发灶组织中的表达情况,取肿瘤安全缘正常喉黏膜组织作对照;将体外培养的人喉鳞癌细胞Hep2分成缺氧12、24h组及正常对照3组,流式细胞仪测定3组细胞PINCH蛋白的表达。结果:1)PINCH蛋白在人喉鳞癌组及正常对照组阳性表达率分别为59.5%、10.0%,在淋巴结转移组和淋巴结非转移组阳性率为67.7%、36.4%,两组比较差异均具有显著性(P<0.05);2)流式细胞仪测定缺氧12、24h组及正常对照组Hep2细胞PINCH蛋白表达强度随缺氧时间的延长而逐渐增强(P<0.05)。结论:PINCH蛋白与喉鳞状细胞癌转移密切相关,其中肿瘤的微缺氧环境可能是造成其表达增强的重要影响因素之一。

食管鳞状细胞癌中PINCH蛋白的表达及意义

目的探讨PINCH蛋白在食管鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其临床病理意义。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测10例正常食管粘膜组织和64例食管鳞状细胞癌组织中PINCH蛋白的表达,并分析其临床意义。结果PINCH蛋白在鳞癌组织相关间质中呈异质性表达,其阳性率为56.25%(36/64),明显高于正常食管粘膜组织(0/10)(P<0.05),差异有显著性,而且在肿瘤浸润边缘阳性更明显。PINCH蛋白表达与患者性别、年龄及鳞癌组织学分级无相关性;淋巴结转移组的鳞癌组织中PINCH蛋白阳性表达率为90%(18/20),未转移组鳞癌病例中阳性率为40.91%(18/44),二者相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论PINCH蛋白在食管鳞癌中异常表达,可能利于肿瘤的浸润和转移。提示PINCH蛋白可作一个肿瘤相关间质的标志物来预测肿瘤浸润和淋巴结转移的能力。在肿瘤的预后判断上有重要意义,并可能成为与肿瘤间质相关的抗肿瘤治疗的一个新靶点。

COX-2及PINCH蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其相关性研究

目的研究COX-2及PINCH蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达情况,探讨二者在口腔鳞状细胞癌中表达的相关性。方法采用免疫组织化学ABC法,检测20例正常口腔粘膜和57例口腔鳞状细胞癌石蜡存档标本中COX-2及PINCH蛋白的表达情况。结果COX-2蛋白在正常口腔粘膜中少量表达,而在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达明显增加,二者比较有显著性差异;在口腔鳞状细胞癌中,淋巴结转移组阳性表达率为73%(19/26),淋巴结无转移组阳性表达率为29%(9/31),二者差异有显著性;COX-2蛋白的表达与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、部位和分化程度无相关性;COX-2与PINCH有明显的相关性。结论COX-2蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展中可能起着重要作用,并与口腔鳞状细胞癌的淋巴结转移相关,其转移机制可能与通过PINCH蛋白促进淋巴管生成有关。

PINCH mRNA在乳腺癌中的表达意义及其与Nup88的相关性研究

目的研究PINCH mRNA在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与Nup88的关系。方法采用半定量PCR法检测PINCH mRNA及Nup88 mRNA在乳腺癌及乳腺良性肿瘤组织中的表达。结果 PINCH mRNA在乳腺癌组织中的表达水平(0.725±0.060)较乳腺良性肿瘤组织中的(0.497±0.04)明显增高(P<0.001)。且在乳腺癌组织中PINCH mRNA的表达与患者年龄、肿瘤部位以及组织学分类无关(P>0.05),与组织学分级、TNM分期及淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05);PINCH mRNA在乳腺癌组织中的表达与Nup88的表达呈正相关(P<0.05),相关系数为0.325。结论 PINCH mRNA与乳腺癌的发生、发展及转移有关,联合检测PINCH及Nup88对进一步理解乳腺癌的生物学行为及判断预后有一定的价值。

PINCH蛋白和COX-2蛋白在子宫内膜癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨PINCH蛋白和环氧化酶-2(COX-2)蛋白在子宫内膜癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测23例正常子宫内膜、18例不典型增生子宫内膜和50例子宫内膜癌中PINCH蛋白和COX-2蛋白的表达,并分析其临床意义。结果 PINCH蛋白在正常子宫内膜、不典型增生子宫内膜和子宫内膜癌间质中的阳性表达率分别为17.4%、38.8%、72.0%,呈现逐渐增高的趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);COX-2蛋白在正常子宫内膜、不典型增生子宫内膜和子宫内膜癌上皮中的阳性表达率分别为26.1%、61.1%、80.0%,呈现逐渐增高的趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PINCH蛋白及COX-2蛋白阳性表达率与子宫内膜癌的分期、淋巴结转移、组织学类型、肌层浸润深度、病理分级等无明显相关性(P>0.05),PINCH蛋白的表达与雌激素作用时间有关(P<0.05)。PINCH蛋白与COX-2蛋白的表达呈正相关(r=0.468,P<0.05)。结论 PINCH、COX-2与子宫内膜癌的发生相关,在子宫内膜癌中二者表达有明显相关性,为肿瘤基因治疗提供新的靶点。

PINCH蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:观察PINCH蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达情况,探讨其临床病理意义。方法:采用免疫组织化学ABC法,检测20例正常口腔粘膜和57例口腔鳞状细胞癌石蜡存档标本中PINCH蛋白的表达情况,分析其与患者临床病理特征的关系。结果:PINCH蛋白在正常口腔粘膜中少量表达,而在口腔鳞状细胞癌中的表达明显增加,尤其是在肿瘤的浸润边缘,二者比较有显著性差异(P=0.02);在口腔鳞状细胞癌中,淋巴结转移组阳性表达率为46.2%(12/26),淋巴结无转移组阳性表达率为29.0%(9/31),二者比较有显著性差异(P=0.02);PINCH蛋白的表达与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、部位和分化程度无相关性(P>0.05)。结论:PINCH蛋白在口腔鳞状细胞癌的发生、发展中可能起着重要作用,并可作为一个预测肿瘤转移的新备选分子生物学指标。同时由于其表达在间质,为与肿瘤间质有关的抗肿瘤药物的开发提供了新思路和治疗靶点。

天基可见光传感器卫星监视地球同步带目标的轨道设计

在分析地球同步轨道目标光学特性和位置特性的基础上,确定了天基可见光(Space-Based Visible,SBV)传感器监视整个地球同步带目标的搜索栅栏位置以及搜索策略,导出搜索栅栏与观测时间和观测次数之间的关系.根据航天任务需求和SBV传感器特性,确定了监视轨道的类型和参数约束条件,给出了约束条件下监视轨道的选取范围,并对其轨道观测效能进行仿真分析.仿真结果表明,通过适当选取监视轨道参数,监视轨道对地球同步带的覆盖率均可达到90%以上.如果SBV传感器视场达到4°×4°以上或搜索栅栏宽度大于40°,其覆盖率高达95%以上.

结直肠癌组织中VEGF、PINCH mRNA的表达变化及意义

目的观察结直肠癌组织中VEGF、PINCH mRNA的表达变化,探讨其在结直肠癌发生、发展中的作用。方法采用RT-PCR法检测40例结直肠癌组织、配对的癌旁无瘤黏膜组织、手术近端及远端切缘正常黏膜组织中的VEGF、PINCH mRNA。结果结直肠癌组织中VEGF、PINCH mRNA的表达量分别为0.975±0.397、0.772±0.591;癌旁无瘤黏膜组织中分别为0.351±0.255、0.494±0.327;近端切缘黏膜中分别为0.441±0.360、0.518±0.298;远端切缘黏膜中分为为0.423±0.248、0.488±0.335,P均<0.01。结直肠癌组织中VEGF mRNA的表达与组织学分级、浸润深度及淋巴结转移密切相关(P均<0.05),PINCH mRNA表达与组织类型有关(P<0.05);结直肠癌组织中VEGF mRNA的表达与PINCH mRNA的表达呈显著正相关(r=0.431,P=0.022)。结论结直肠癌组织中VEGF、PINCH mRNA的表达上调。VEGF和PINCH mRNA与结直肠癌的发生、发展及转移密切相关。