Flow Ripple of Axial Piston Pump with Computational Fluid Dynamic Simulation Using Compressible Hydraulic Oil

The flow ripple, which is the source of noise in an axial piston pump, is widely studied today with the computational fluid dynamic（CFD） technology development. In the traditional CFD modeling, the fluid compressibility, which strongly influences the accuracy of the flow ripple simulation results, is often neglected. So a compressible sub-model was added with user defined function（UDF） in the CFD model to predict the flow ripple. At the same time, a test rig of flow ripple was built to study the validity of simulation. The flow ripple of pump was tested with different working parameters, including the rotation speed and the working pressure. The comparisons with experimental results show that the validity of the CFD model with compressible hydraulic oil is acceptable in analyzing the flow tipple characteristics. In this paper, the improved CFD model increases the accuracy of flow ripple rate to about one-magnitude order. Therefore, the compressible model of hydraulic oil is necessary in the flow ripple investigation of CFD simulation. The compressibility of hydraulic oil has significant effect on flow ripple, and the compression ripple takes about 88% of the total flow ripple of pump. Leakage ripple has the lowest proportion of about 4%, and geometrical ripple leakage ripple takes the remnant 8%. Besides, the influence of working parameters was investigated through the CFD simulations and experimental measurements. Comparison results show that the amplitude of flow ripple grows with the increasing of rotation speed and working pressure, and the flow ripple rate is independent of the rotation speed. However, flow ripple rate of piston pump grows with the increasing of working pressure, because the leakage ripple will increase with the pressure growing. The investigation on flow ripple of an axial piston pump using compressible hydraulic oil provides a more validity simulation model for the CFD analyzing and is beneficial to further understanding of the flow ripple characteristics in an axial piston pump.

Impact of Typical Steady-state Conditions and Transient Conditions on Flow Ripple and Its Test Accuracy for Axial Piston Pump

The current research about the flow ripple of axial piston pump mainly focuses on the effect of the structure of parts on the flow ripple. Therein, the structure of parts are usually designed and optimized at rated working conditions. However, the pump usually has to work in large-scale and time-variant working conditions. Therefore, the flow ripple characteristics of pump and analysis for its test accuracy with respect to variant steady-state conditions and transient conditions in a wide range of operating parameters are focused in this paper. First, a simulation model has been constructed, which takes the kinematics of oil film within friction pairs into account for higher accuracy. Afterwards, a test bed which adopts Secondary Source Method is built to verify the model. The simulation and tests results show that the angular position of the piston, corresponding to the position where the peak flow ripple is produced, varies with the different pressure. The pulsating amplitude and pulsation rate of flow ripple increase with the rise of pressure and the variation rate of pressure. For the pump working at a constant speed, the flow pulsation rate decreases dramatically with the increasing speed when the speed is less than 27.78% of the maximum speed, subsequently presents a small decrease tendency with the speed further increasing. With the rise of the variation rate of speed, the pulsating amplitude and pulsation rate of flow ripple increase. As the swash plate angle augments, the pulsating amplitude of flow ripple increases, nevertheless the flow pulsation rate decreases. In contrast with the effect of the variation of pressure, the test accuracy of flow ripple is more sensitive to the variation of speed. It makes the test accuracy above 96.20% available for the pulsating amplitude of pressure deviating within a range of ~6% from the mean pressure. However, with a variation of speed deviating within a range of ±2% from the mean speed, the attainable test accuracy of flow ripple is above 93.07%. The model constructed in this research proposes a method to determine the flow ripple characteristics of pump and its attainable test accuracy under the large-scale and time-variant working conditions. Meanwhile, a discussion about the variation of flow ripple and its obtainable test accuracy with the conditions of the pump working in wide operating ranges is given as well.

Pre-Compression Volume on Flow Ripple Reduction of a Piston Pump

Axial piston pump with pre-compression volume（PCV） has lower flow ripple in large scale of operating condition than the traditional one. However, there is lack of precise simulation model of the axial piston pump with PCV, so the parameters of PCV are difticult to be determined. A finite element simulation model for piston pump with PCV is built by considering the piston movement, the fluid characteristic（including fluid compressibility and viscosity） and the leakage flow rate. Then a test of the pump flow ripple called the secondary source method is implemented to validate the simulation model. Thirdly, by comparing results among the simulation results, test results and results from other publications at the same operating condition, the simulation model is validated and used in optimizing the axial piston pump with PCV. According to the pump flow ripples obtained by the simulation model with different PCV parameters, the flow ripple is the smallest when the PCV angle is 13~, the PCV volume is 1.3 ~ I0-4 m3 at such operating condition that the pump suction pressure is 2 MPa, the pump delivery pressure 15 MPa, the pump speed 1 000 r/min, the swash plate angle 13~. At the same time, the flow ripple can be reduced when the pump suction pressure is 2 MPa, the pump delivery pressure is 5 MPa,15 MPa, 22 MPa, pump speed is 400 r/min, 1 000 r/rain, 1 500 r/rain, the swash plate angle is ll~, 13~, 15~ and 17~, respectively. The finite element simulation model proposed provides a method for optimizing the PCV structure and guiding for designing a quieter axial piston pump.

An experimental research of fluid piston oscillation in square moon pool under the wave-flow combined conditions

The article studies the oscillation features of the water in the square moon pool under the circumstances of wave-flow combined conditions. Comparing with the results of experiments of the square moon pool, a series of studies reveal that the water piston oscillation phenomenon is quite similar to that of the circular one. Two types of oscillation are exhibited under different incoming wave periods, i.e. self-excited oscillation and forced oscillation. The difference between the circular and square moon pool is that the attack angle makes greater influences on the square one. "Beating phenomenon" is also found in the square moon pool which is not mentioned of the circular one.

涡轮自增压轴向柱塞泵全流域流场特性分析

为了探究离心涡轮自增压装置对高速轴向柱塞泵内液流流动特性的影响,建立了轴向柱塞泵的仿真模型,通过CFD仿真技术研究了离心涡轮与柱塞泵耦合运行时泵内部全流域流场的压力特性、速度特性以及空化特性。研究表明:装配有离心涡轮的轴向柱塞泵吸油能力显著提升,且对射流空化、吸空空化均有抑制作用,其中对吸空空化的抑制效果最显著。应用涡轮增压系统后,单个柱塞腔旋转一周过程中的时均气相体积从59.54 mm^(3)降至1.66 mm^(3),最大气相体积分数由0.155降至0.029,阻尼槽区域的射流速度由100 m/s降至75 m/s,而涡轮所消耗功率仅占柱塞泵轴功率的9.7%。

间隙密封被动活塞式气体流量标准装置量值溯源方法

间隙密封被动活塞式气体流量标准装置具有操作简单、测量效率高、无水银密封、易于携带和具有自动温压补偿功能等优点,在气体微小流量测量中广泛使用。被动活塞的上下往复运动对测量管路内的压力会产生波动,直接用流量测量法对间隙密封被动活塞式气体流量标准装置进行量值溯源还存在一些困难。针对这一情况,提出了一种利用几何测量法对间隙密封被动活塞式气体流量标准装置进行量值溯源的新方法,对几何测量溯源法进行了不确定度评估,并与国外相关机构进行了比对验证。结果表明,利用几何测量法对间隙密封被动活塞式气体流量标准装置进行溯源的方法是可行的。

对置端曲面齿轮柱塞泵动态特性仿真研究

为了研究对置端曲面齿轮柱塞泵参数对泵动态特性的影响,根据端曲面齿轮柱塞泵工作原理,推导柱塞运动方程。利用Adams与AMESim软件建立对置端曲面齿轮柱塞泵联合仿真模型,通过联合仿真得到不同转速与偏心率下的柱塞泵出口流量与压力的相应曲线。结果表明:转速增大,泵出口流量与压力增大,脉动幅值与脉动频率增大;偏心率增加,泵出口流量与压力增大,脉动幅值增大,脉动频率不变。

船舶疏水系统流量压力脉动特性研究

疏水系统在船舶中担任疏干排污等重要工作,其工作时产生的管道流量及压力脉动是系统产生振动噪声的主要原因。降低系统流量压力脉动、抑制系统噪声的关键之一是掌握系统流量压力脉动特性。通过分析低噪声柱塞泵的结构原理,结合疏水系统管道结构,建立完整的疏水系统仿真模型;通过试验台对仿真模型的准确性进行验证;最后基于仿真模型,对疏水系统特性及压力脉动的影响因素进行研究。结果表明:流量压力脉动主要作用频率为5 Hz和20 Hz;阀开度及管道长度对压力脉动影响较大,泵参数变化的影响较小,后续设计优化应优先考虑出口管道。

基于高空模拟试车台大口径套筒式柱塞阀流动特性分析

为了准确描述大口径套筒式柱塞阀内速度、压力和流阻系数的变化规律,通过Fluent软件模拟开度、压比对套筒式柱塞阀流动特性的影响。结果表明:阀内速度和压力都沿着阀芯轴线对称分布,当开度增加时,轴向射流汇集区速度增大,出口速度随之增大,速度均匀性降低,节流窗口处气流压力减小,轴向压力趋于均匀,流阻系数随开度增加先迅速减小后趋于稳定;当压比增大时,进口速度先保持不变而后不断减小,存在临界压比,速度和压力逐渐趋于均匀,压比越大流阻系数下降越显著。

恒流径向柱塞泵输出特性分析与试验

基于特种装备车辆转向系统恒流量需求的背景,以优化某型恒流量径向柱塞泵输出动特性为目的,进行了恒流量机理解析及流量脉动分析优化。针对流量输出特性搭建了数学及仿真模型,并对比仿真、试验结果,以验证原理、模型的有效性。并以恒流量值、恒流量临界转速为约束条件,对流量脉动率进行了优化分析研究。结果表明:可通过该型结构实现柱塞泵恒流量功能;在输入转速大于恒流量临界转速后,随转速升高,平均流量将趋于稳定,而流量脉动将随转速升高而升高;通过优化柱塞直径、偏心距和节流口开口量,可有效降低流量脉动率5%以上。

超声波燃气表燃气-空气关系计量特性研究

作为新型电子式计量器具,超声波燃气表具有宽量程、无机械传动结构、灵敏度高等特点。燃气表的计量特性评价一般采用空气介质。因此,空气介质和燃气介质下计量性能的一致性至关重要。采用扩展不确定度U=0.25%(k=2)的活塞式实气流量标准装置,分别对流量范围为0.04~6m~3/h和0.025~4m~3/h的1.5级超声波燃气表的燃气-空气关系性能进行试验。试验结果表明:1~#、2~#、3~#G4超声波燃气表在流量点q_(min)的燃气-空气平均误差偏移相对较大,而4~#、5~#、6~#G2.5超声波燃气表在各流量点的误差发生普遍偏移。这分别是由零点漂移和错波现象引起的。因此,在超声波燃气表的检验检测和计量性能评价试验中建议增加燃气-空气关系项目。试验结果可为国内超声波燃气表的技术研发和检定方法改进等提供重要的数据参考。

振荡条件下金属颗粒对气液两相流动与混合特性影响的试验研究

为进一步提升柴油机活塞腔的换热性能,通过加入金属颗粒来提升振荡状态下的两相混合程度。采用振荡流动试验方法,结合数字图像处理技术,研究金属颗粒在振荡状态下的运动学特性和两相振荡流动特性,进一步讨论转速、充液率对金属颗粒运动和最大气泡直径和混合率的影响。结果表明:转速是影响气液两相流振荡流动效果的主要因素。随着转速的增加,金属颗粒到达方腔上壁面时间缩短,瞬时速度增大,相对于270 r/min,330 r/min冲击上壁面的平均速度变化率增加133%,冲击壁面的强度增加。相对于25%充液率,75%充液率的金属颗粒冲击上壁面的最大瞬时速度降低68%,充液率过高,降低颗粒冲击上壁面强度。50%充液率左右和高转速条件下,颗粒冲击壁面强度降低,但气液两相流混合程度最好。

大尺寸自由活塞激波风洞自由流参数诊断方法

高焓激波风洞自由流具有一定程度的热化学非平衡,使得流场参数的确定存在困难。针对大尺寸自由活塞高焓激波风洞的总温2 700~4 700 K、总压5.6~20.3 MPa条件,采用非接触吸收光谱技术、接触测量技术等测试技术,结合多温度多组分数值模拟方法,共同诊断喷管名义马赫数10出口自由流的参数。结果显示,温度测量值与计算值最大偏差小于7.5%,速度测量值与计算值最大偏差小于5%,NO浓度测量值与计算中最大偏差小于12%。

电液伺服控制柱塞泵转速干扰及控制策略研究

为克服电机转速对电液伺服控制变量轴向柱塞泵输出特性产生的干扰问题,建立电液伺服控制轴向柱塞泵系统的Simulink-AMESim仿真模型,以恒流量为评价指标研究电机转速干扰条件下电液伺服控制变量柱塞泵恒流量控制的输出特性,分别利用传统PID及模糊自适应PID控制策略对电液伺服控制变量柱塞泵进行抗干扰控制,获得不同类型干扰情况下电液伺服控制变量泵系统的输出特性曲线。仿真结果表明:恒流量控制下,电液伺服控制变量柱塞泵的流量波动为3.80 L/min,当电机转速分别存在正弦波、方波及三角波脉冲扰动工况时,流量波动分别上升至9.34 L/min、9.59 L/min、4.52 L/min。分别利用PID及模糊自适应PID对电液伺服控制变量柱塞泵进行抗干扰控制,流量波动分别降低了3.41 L/min和5.90 L/min。

油膜破裂条件下柱塞泵配流副摩擦磨损性能研究

为了探究轴向柱塞泵配流副工作过程中油膜破裂时,配流副接触情况和磨损。根据配流副在实际工况建立了配流盘与缸体摩擦副的流-热-力耦合模型和基于退化系数的磨损预测模型。分析边界润滑条件(油膜破裂)下配流副温升、应力、应变及磨损。并分析了温升对应力、应变和磨损的影响。研究结果表明:配流副接触面应力、应变随油液压力呈周期性变化。油膜破裂情况下,缸体旋转360°最大温升为30.560℃。配流盘的最大应力为90.046MPa,相较于不考虑温升应力增大了21.310MPa。且配流盘应力分层,使得配流盘变形分化,变形主要发生在配流盘排油区外密封带。通过磨损模型分析,油膜破裂下缸体旋转360°磨损量为0.0033mg,相较于不考虑温升磨损增加了0.0009mg,说明温度会加剧磨损。

基于AMESim的多液缸合流式压裂泵流量脉动特性研究

传统的机械式压裂泵存在冲次高、冲程短、曲轴易于失效等问题,为此,提出了一种多液缸合流式液压驱动压裂泵,并对其产生流量脉动的机理进行了研究。首先,详细阐述了多液缸合流式压裂泵的工作原理,基于液压流体力学等理论,建立了多液缸合流式压裂泵的数学模型,并进行了理论分析;其次,采用AMESim仿真软件搭建了多液缸合流式压裂泵工作仿真模型,选择了合理的仿真参数设置,进行了变负载压力下的仿真研究;最后,对液压动力传递链中的活塞-柱塞运动特性、泵腔流量特性、输出流量和压力脉动特性进行了研究,并对仿真结果进行了分析。研究结果表明:在25 MPa工况下,多液缸合流式压裂泵的输出压力和流量脉动率分别为36.8%和20.61%,冲次只有42次/min,符合实际工况;多液缸合流式压裂泵输出流量脉动的主要原因是各组液缸的频繁换向、泵送行程和吸入行程的切换,导致活塞-柱塞做减速停止运动和加速启动运动。

自由活塞发动机电动压气机优化及熵产分析

为了使设计工况下匹配的增压器性能更优从而提高系统能量利用率,针对自由活塞发动机匹配的电动压气机,采用遗传算法对原压气机进行了优化,研究了优化前、后压气机内部流场特性,以熵产分析的方法量化了3种不可逆因素导致的流动损失,并将优化前、后压气机熵产和涡度分布对比分析,进一步明确了压气机的优化策略.结果表明:叶轮和扩压器中湍流耗散、传热耗散和黏性耗散的比例近乎为6∶3∶1.不可逆损失主要集中在叶顶间隙和叶片压力面,损失来源为间隙泄漏流与部分主流掺混形成的反向涡团.压壳中湍流耗散占比超过85%,具体表现为局部损失和沿程损失.优化后压气机等熵效率提高了6%,流道内涡团的范围、幅值大幅减小,不可逆流动损失降低.上述工作揭示了压气机流场中不同耗散机制的不可逆因素对能量损失的影响机理,为压气机气动优化设计提供指导.

海上平台贫乙二醇注入泵流量调节方法研究

某海上平台海底管道随着水下生产平稳运行,注入至井口的贫乙二醇需求量逐渐减少,对此要根据实际情况对贫乙二醇注入泵流量进行调节。文章从旁路调节、改变泵的转速、改变柱塞的行程与直径、顶开吸入阀调节等四个方面开展研究,并从改造的可行性和经济性方面进行充分的分析。经过比较分析,对贫乙二醇泵流量调节方式改造,选择改小柱塞直径是最为经济可靠的方式。

基于3D空间点云模型的轴向柱塞泵配流盘过流面积计算方法

在轴向柱塞泵的工作过程中,通过配流盘进行高低压的循环切换,而配流盘的过流面积是影响柱塞泵内部压力平稳过渡的重要参数。为了完成对配流结构过流面积的求解计算,提出了一种基于多维流场点云的过流面积计算方法。首先,对配流盘流场的点云化过程进行了理论分析,得到了点云化处理的实施方法;然后,对配流盘三维流域模型进行了系列修正,提出了缓冲槽连通阶段模型的修正方法,提高了过流面积计算的准确性;最后,对不同配流阶段的过流面积进行了计算,并与理论测量所得结果以及采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟方法所得的结果,分别进行了对比。计算结果表明:基于多维流场点云的过流面积识别算法求得的过流面积峰值大小为174.5 mm 2,而理论测量值的大小为177.5 mm 2;二者的相对误差率大约为1.7%;而与基于CFD方法所得结果的整体相对误差率,大约在5%以内。研究结果表明:采用该方法,能够直接且较精准地完成对配流盘过流面积的求解与计算,有效地简化了过流面积变换趋势的求解过程。

双排平衡式盘配流径向柱塞泵的设计与仿真

柱塞泵是液压系统的主要动力元件。针对单排径向柱塞泵工作时存在主轴径向力的受力不平衡问题,提出了一种双排转子-定子交错布置的平衡式盘配流新型径向柱塞泵结构。基于双排平衡式盘配流径向柱塞泵的工作原理,建立AMESim仿真模型,通过仿真分析其流量特性,确定选用双排九柱塞径向柱塞泵进行研究,分析柱塞泵系统压力、柱塞直径以及排角(两排相邻柱塞之间夹角)对主轴所受径向力的影响规律及影响机理。结果表明,系统压力和柱塞直径的变化,对径向力幅值影响较小,但会出现径向力突变,造成主轴变形;随着排角的增大,主轴所受径向力的突变频率和瞬时突变幅值会降低,逐渐趋于光滑曲线。