Sildenafil plus Low Dose Aspirin for Prevention of Preeclampsia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To compare between the efficacy of the use of oral sildenafil plus low dose aspirin versus the use of oral low dose aspirin alone in pregnancy as preventive measure in women at risk for preeclampsia (PE). Design: A randomized clinical trial. Setting: Outpatient Obstetric clinic of Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. Population or sample: Women at gestational age of ≤16 weeks who at risk for PE between June 2018 and June 2019. Methods: Participants were randomly allocated into two groups: Group I Included 200 women who received a 25 mg tablet of oral sildenafil citrate tid until delivery plus 100 mg tablet of aspirin orally once daily until gestational age of 36 weeks, Group II Included 200 women who received a 100 mg tablet of aspirin orally once daily until gestational age of 36 weeks. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence of preeclampsia diagnosed per ACOG criteria. Results: The incidence of PE in both groups showed no statistically significant difference. The incidence of PE in the first group is 11.0%, and it is 12.0% in the second group (p-value 0.754). Conclusion: The addition of sildenafil citrate to low dose aspirin had no impact on the prevention of preeclampsia for women at risk of PE, in addition, sildenafil did not improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Advances of Long Noncoding RNAs-mediated Regulation in Reproduction

Objective： Advances in genomics and molecular biology have led to the discovery of a large group of uncharacterized long noncoding RNAs （lncRNAs）. Emerging evidence indicated that many lncRNAs function in multiple biological processes and its dysregulation otten causes diseases. Recent studies suggested that almost all regulatory lncRNAs interact with biological macromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and protein. LncRNAs regulate gene expression mainly on three levels, including epigenetic modification, transcription, and posttranscription, through DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling. LncRNAs can also affect the development of diseases and tllerefore be used to diagnose and treat diseases. With new sequencing and microarray techniques, hundreds oflncRNAs involved in reproductive disorders have been identified, but their functions in these disorders are undefined. Data Sources： This review was based on articles published in PubMed databases up to July 10, 2017, with the tbllowing keywords： ＂long noncoding RNAs＂, ＂＇LncRNA＂, ＂placentation＂, and ＂＇reproductive diseases＂. Study Selection： Original articles and reviews on the topics were selected. Results： LncRNAs widely participate in various physiological and pathological processes as a new class of important regulatory/＇,actors. In spermatogenesis, spermatocytes divide and differentiate into mature spermatozoa. The whole process is elaborately regulated by the expression of phase-specific genes that involve many strains of lncRNAs. Literature showed that IncRNA in reproductive cumulus cells may contribute to the regulation of oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development. Conclusions： LncRNA has been found to play a role in the development of reproduction. Meanwhile, we reviewed the studies on how lncRNAs participate in reproductive disorders, which provides a basis fbr the study of [ncRNA in reproduction regulation.