Water pollution control planning for the Taizi River watershed

Water pollution control planning for the Taizi River watershed,a typical Chinese case study,is presented in this paper. Based on comprehensive analysis.water quality in the watershed was assessed and predicated;water quality models for the river and reservoir were built;and function of water bodies and environmental assimilative capacity were determined ;and then the planning for industrial pollution sources and concentrated sewage treatment were made respectively.

Production Planning and Control of the Pipeline Assembly Enterprise under SCM

It is vital for pipeline assembly enterprise to respond to changing market needs quickly and keep its cost advantage. A production planning and control （PPC） model under supply chain management combining with operation characteristics of pipeline assembly enterprise was proposed. The present model can realize synchroni- zation in real-time response in production by establishing a win-win corporate model, classified regulation be- tween strategic parts and non-strategic parts, postponing the production of special modules and guaranteeing pro- duction at the bottleneck.

Derivation of Simplified Models of Plan View Pattern Control Function for Plate Mill

The plan view pattern control theoretical models were simplified. Under the condition of constant volume for the plan view pattern compensation, the relation between the thickness and the length can be simplified to the linearity in the segment for the plan view pattern control function. The compensation volume can be dispersed for easy calculation. By comparing the model calculation result with the actual result, it was concluded that the simplified model can be used for the online control process.

Width Compensation and Correction for the Plan View Pattern Control Function on Plate Mill

Research works on width compensation and correction were carried out in order to eliminate the effects of the PVPC( plan view pattern control) on width accuracy of plate mill. The thickness correction calculation formula was derived for compensation the width deviation caused by PVPC function,and the formula is unified under the thinning and thickening conditions. In order to improve the width calculation accuracy, width spread calculation process was modified with dividing one large reduction pass to several small reduction calculation steps. The thickness wedge was simplified to rectangle based on the volume constant principle,and the width spread model for PVPC was constructed. The width compensation and correction for the PVPC functions are used for the online control process,and the Product dimension accuracy is improved. With the decrease of crop losses,the product yield was increased with 0. 2%.

Calculation of Taper Rolling Time in Plan View Pattern Control Process

The forward slip model with adhesion was used to derive the formula of calculating taper rolling time. The relation between the rolling time and the taper length and the relation between the rolling time and the taper thickness can be obtained. The numerical solution for this formula was used on site. According to the simulation result, the roll gap value should be changed linearly with rolling time.

Optimal control of stretching process of flexible solar arrays on spacecraft based on a hybrid optimization strategy

The optimal control of multibody spacecraft during the stretching process of solar arrays is investigated,and a hybrid optimization strategy based on Gauss pseudospectral method（GPM） and direct shooting method（DSM） is presented. First, the elastic deformation of flexible solar arrays was described approximately by the assumed mode method, and a dynamic model was established by the second Lagrangian equation. Then, the nonholonomic motion planning problem is transformed into a nonlinear programming problem by using GPM. By giving fewer LG points, initial values of the state variables and control variables were obtained. A serial optimization framework was adopted to obtain the approximate optimal solution from a feasible solution. Finally, the control variables were discretized at LG points, and the precise optimal control inputs were obtained by DSM. The optimal trajectory of the system can be obtained through numerical integration. Through numerical simulation, the stretching process of solar arrays is stable with no detours, and the control inputs match the various constraints of actual conditions.The results indicate that the method is effective with good robustness.

Path Exploration and Practice of Sponge City Construction in the Pearl River Delta:A Case Study of Dalang Town,Dongguan City

In order to deal with global climate warming and practice the construction of national ecological civilization,a sponge city has become an important national plan for regional comprehensive management and development because it can systematically solve the issues of regional water resources,water security,water environment and water ecology,and provide a comprehensive plan of sustainable development for regional water control,storage and use.Sponge city construction has been carried out across the country.In this paper,taking Dalang Town as an example,and combining its local climate,geological geomorphology,hydrological conditions,current situation and future planning of urban space,management system and other characteristics,the connotation,construction strategy and objectives,index decomposition and other key contents of sponge city were discussed,and the methods of sponge city construction in the builtup area with high rainfall,abundant groundwater and high density were studied to provide reference for formulating solutions and schemes for Dalang Town and developing sponge city construction in the Pearl River Delta.

Studies on Production Planning of Dispersion Type U3Si2-Al Fuel in Plate-Type Fuel Elements for Nuclear Research Reactors

Several fuel plants that supply nuclear research reactors need to increase their production capacity in order to meet the growing demand for this kind of nuclear fuel. After the enlargement of the production capacity of such plants, there will be the need of managing the new production level. That level is usually the industrial one, which poses challenges to the managerial staff. Such challenges come from the fact that several of those plants operate today on a laboratorial basis and do not carry inventory. The change to the industrial production pace asks for new actions regarding planning and control. The production process based on the hydrolysis of UF6 is not a frequent production route for nuclear fuel. Production planning and control of the industrial level of fuel production on that production route is a new field of studies. The approach of the paper consists in the creation of a mathematical linear model for minimization of costs. We also carried out a sensitivity analysis of the model. The results help in minimizing costs in different production schemes and show the need of inventory. The mathematical model is dynamic, so that it issues better results if performed monthly. The management team will therefore have a clearer view of the costs and of the new, necessary production and inventory levels.

A Review on Cable-driven Parallel Robots

Cable-driven parallel robots(CDPRs) are categorized as a type of parallel manipulators. In CDPRs, flexible cables are used to take the place of rigid links. The particular property of cables provides CDPRs several advantages, including larger workspaces, higher payload-to-weight ratio and lower manufacturing costs rather than rigid-link robots. In this paper, the history of the development of CDPRs is introduced and several successful latest application cases of CDPRs are presented. The theory development of CDPRs is introduced focusing on design, performance analysis and control theory. Research on CDPRs gains wide attention and is highly motivated by the modern engineering demand for large load capacity and workspace. A number of exciting advances in CDPRs are summarized in this paper since it is proposed in the 1980 s, which points to a fruitful future both in theory and application. In order to meet the increasing requirements of robot in different areas, future steps foresee more in-depth research and extension applications of CDPRs including intelligent control, composite materials, integrated and reconfigurable design.

Real-time trajectory planning for UCAV air-to-surface attack using inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon control

This paper presents a computationally efficient real-time trajectory planning framework for typical unmanned combat aerial vehicle （UCAV） performing autonomous air-to-surface （A/S） attack. It combines the benefits of inverse dynamics optimization method and receding horizon optimal control technique. Firstly, the ground attack trajectory planning problem is mathematically formulated as a receding horizon optimal control problem （RHC-OCP）. In particular, an approximate elliptic launch acceptable region （LAR） model is proposed to model the critical weapon delivery constraints. Secondly, a planning algorithm based on inverse dynamics optimization, which has high computational efficiency and good convergence properties, is developed to solve the RHCOCP in real-time. Thirdly, in order to improve robustness and adaptivity in a dynamic and uncer- tain environment, a two-degree-of-freedom （2-DOF） receding horizon control architecture is introduced and a regular real-time update strategy is proposed as well, and the real-time feedback can be achieved and the not-converged situations can be handled. Finally, numerical simulations demon- strate the efficiency of this framework, and the results also show that the presented technique is well suited for real-time implementation in dynamic and uncertain environment.

A framework for ICT-enabled real-time production planning and control

This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework for real-time production planning and control（PPC）.Firstly,we discuss the most prominently applied contemporary information and communication technologies for PPC.Enterprise resource planning（ERP） systems that integrate the value chain in an enterprise,manufacturing execution systems that manage and control the production on shopfloor,and advanced planning and scheduling（APS）systems that develop solutions for complex planning problems are the planning and control systems that have been analyzed.We emphasize the application of radio frequency identification as the most advanced and promising emerging real-time data capture technology that is currently available to manufacturers.Having analyzed the features and shortcomings of the individual systems perse,and by considering the advantages that may be realized through effective integration of these otherwise discrete systems,we propose a framework for real-time PPC.

Movement of Autonomous Vehicles in Work Zone Using New Pavement Marking: A New Approach

The autonomous vehicles are the future of mobility across the globe and are expected to touch the lives of every person of all ages. But this comes with certain challenges regarding safety, reliability, cost, legal framework, regulations, etc. however, of all the concern safety and reliability are of utmost importance for researchers and engineers. The current research is focused on the movement of the autonomous vehicle in the work zone. The work zone is one of the most challenging areas for the autonomous vehicle to drive from. This is because the work zones are very dynamic, and all the construction activities are specific to the site condition and cannot always be predefined. The study provides a concept of how pavement marking can be used for smooth movement through the complicated work zone. In this study, various pavement marking signs have been designed as a concept considering the standard colors and striping width being used in the Manual of Uniform Traffic control device (MUTCD). The study assumes that the movement of the autonomous vehicle will not be exclusive and that it will move with the driver driven vehicle. It is expected that autonomous vehicles will require special pavement marking and signage for smooth movement through the work zone. These pavement marking and signage will eventually become part of standard Traffic Control Plans (TCP) and Maintenance of Traffic Plans (MOT). The research aims to study the current research being done in this area and technology being used for detecting various pavement markings and signages.

Optimization of Development Intensity Index of Regulatory Land under the Constraint of Bearing Capacity of Road Network:A Case Study of Xingtang County

In the process of urban development in China,the vast majority of urban construction is faced with the prominent contradiction between scarce land resources and vigorous construction demand.Moreover,high-density and high-intensity development is ubiquitous.However,the overall development amount of a city is restricted by the bearing capacity of road network to some extent,and there is an upper limit.Based on this,Xingtang County of Shijiazhuang City is taken as the research object,and bearing capacity of road network is selected as research emphasis.With the aid of traffi c planning software TransCAD,simulation and quantitative analysis are conducted,and traffi c demand is forecasted,to analyze impact relationship between land-use planning and traffic planning in regulatory planning.It facilitates later modifi cation and optimization of volume rate in the land development intensity index,thus providing rational basis for programme adjustment,preparation and management of regulatory planning in Xingtang County.

The Controlled Approach in City Planning:Technique and Practice---Take,as an example,the control type of planning for the developing area of Chigang in Guangzhou

On the basis of the practice in Guangzhou in recent years,this article proposes the tech-nique of the“control”approach in city planning,and presents its specific application and ex-plorations with the example of the planning for the developing area of Chigang inGuangzhou.With the reform of the urban economic-political system and the advancement of theopen-door policy,significant changes are evolving in the ideas and the ways of city planningand design.To meet the demand of these developments,the new“control”approach in cityplanning and design is thus adopted.

The Modern Management of Urban Planning and the Controlling Planning

Since 1980s,with the further reform of political and economic systems,the urban construc-tion in our country has undergone great changes,greater than ever.Such changes pose a series ofnew problems to urban planning:How should planning be suitable for the development of moderncities?How should planning management coordinate with urban planning?How to carry out ur-ban planning under new situations? etc.The answers to these problems lie in one point:urbanplanning and plann ing management must be restructured.Only when the former is well com-bined with the latter can the above problems be solved satisfactorily.This article provides someviews in this respect.

Study on Project Management Information System of HongHe Cigarette Factory

Based on the principle of project management, through analysis and discussion of the information requirements at different stages of the project, this paper provides the readers with programming and designing methods of the project management information of HongHe Cigarette Factory. In this system network technique is employed to trace and evaluate the implementation of the project, finally, this paper supplies a typical function-structure of project management information system and the mode of how to construct the system.

Flexible servo riveting system control strategy based on the RBF network and self-pierce riveting process

As more and more composite materials are used in lightweight vehicle white bodies,self-pierce riveting(SPR)technology has attracted great attention.However,the existing riveting tools still have the disadvantages of low efficiency and flexibility.To improve these disadvantages and the riveting qualification rate,this paper improves the control scheme of the existing riveting tools,and proposes a novel controller design approach of the flexible servo riveting system based on the RBF network and SPR process.Firstly,this paper briefly introduces the working principle and SPR procedure of the servo riveting tool.Then a moving component force analysis is performed,which lays the foundation for the motion control.Secondly,the riveting quality inspection rules of traditional riveting tools are used for reference to plan the force-displacement curve autonomously.To control this process,the riveting force is fed back into the closed-loop control of the riveting tool and the riveting speed is computed based on the admittance control algorithm.Then,this paper adopts the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)as the power of riveting tool,and proposes an integral sliding mode control approach based on the improved reaching law and the radial basis function(RBF)network friction compensation for the PMSM speed control.Finally,the proposed control approach is simulated by Matlab,and is applied to the servo riveting system designed by our laboratory.The simulation and riveting results show the feasibility of the designed controller.

Birth Control and Family Planning in China

THIS year, Women of China asked two 30-year-old women from the Yimeng mountain area in Shandong Province about their chosen methods of birth control. Both women reported using intrauterine devices (IUDs), which they had placed by local gynecologists at the hospital 40 days after giving birth. Are these women aware of other contraceptive methods? Some rural women tell us they know of other methods such as oral contraception, contraceptive implants and tubal ligation.

Development of a health education intervention strategy using an implementation research method to control taeniasis and cysticercosis in Burkina Faso

Background:Taeniasis and cysticercosis are two diseases caused by Taenia solium,a parasite transmitted between humans and pigs,leading to considerable economic loss and disabilities.Transmission of the parasite is linked to environmental and behavioural factors such as inadequate sanitation and hygiene,poor pig management,and consumption of infected pork.This study used implementation research method to design a health education intervention strategy for reducing T.solium infections in Burkina Faso,a country endemic for the parasite.Methods:Eighteen group discussions were conducted with 8-18 participants each in three villages.In addition,structured interviews were conducted among 4777 participants and 2244 pig owners,who were selected through cluster random sampling in 60 villages of three provinces of Burkina Faso.Both approaches assessed knowledge and practices related to T.solium.The information obtained was used to develop a community-adapted health education intervention strategy to control taeniasis and cysticercosis in Burkina Faso.Results:The group discussions revealed that participants had a poor quality of life due to the diseases as well as inadequate access to latrines,safe water,and healthcare services.In addition,it was found that pig production was an important economic activity,especially for women.Furthermore,financial and knowledge constraints were important limitations to improved pig management and latrine construction.The survey data also showed that open defecation and drinking unboiled water were common behaviours,enhanced by a lack of knowledge regarding the transmission of the parasite,perceived financial barriers to the implementation of control measures,lack of public sensitization,as well as a lack of self-efficacy towards control of the parasite.Nevertheless,the perceived financial benefits of controlling porcine cysticercosis could be emphasized by an education program that discourages open defecation and encourages drinking safe water.The final intervention strategy included a Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation(PHAST)approach,as well as a 52-min film and an accompanying comic booklet.Conclusions:The main problem in the study communities regarding the transmission of T.solium cysticercosis is the random disposal of human faeces,which can be contaminated with parasite eggs.Prevention of open defecation requires the building of latrines,which can be quite problematic in economically challenged settings.Providing the community with the skills to construct durable latrines using low-cost locally available materials would likely help to resolve this problem.Further studies are required to implement and evaluate the T.solium control strategy developed in this study.

Post-evaluation of a water pollution control plan： methodology and case study

China has developed more than 20 water pollution control plans for river basins （RBWPs） since 1996. However, the implementation has generally lagged. This paper proposes a three-step, post-evaluation methodology to analyze the implementation result of a RBWP and its influential factors. First, a multi-attribute evaluation method based on an index system is established to score the enforcement results of a RBWP. Indicators measure how well a RBWP has achieved its objectives, which include water quality compliance, pollution load control, project construction, financial inputs, and related management requirements. Second, an interpretive structural model is used to detect the significant factors that affect RBWP implementation. This model can effectively analyze the cause-effect chain and hierarchical relationship among variables. Five groups of factors were identified, namely, plan preparation, water resource endowment, policy, institution, and management. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are employed in the third step to evaluate the extent to which these factors have influenced the execution result of a RBWP, including pre-post contrast, scenario analysis, and correlation analysis. This research then post-evaluated the implementation of the Huai River Basin water pollution control plans （H-RBWPs） over a period of 10 years as a case study. Results showed that the implementation of the H-RBWPs was unsatisfactory during 2001–2005, although it improved during 2006–2010. The poor execution of these plans was partially caused by the underestimation of regional economic development in combination with ineffective industrial structure adjustment policies. Therefore, this case study demonstrates the feasibility and flexibility of the proposed post-evaluation methodology.