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Study on the Teaching Reform of Plant Physiology in the Context of Modern Education
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作者 Ziyun ZHOU Yan TANG 《Asian Agricultural Research》 2017年第12期72-74,共3页
The Plant Physiology is characterized by wide coverage,strong theories and practicality,and limited class hour.In view of these characteristics,this paper introduced the reform of teaching methods,including reform of ... The Plant Physiology is characterized by wide coverage,strong theories and practicality,and limited class hour.In view of these characteristics,this paper introduced the reform of teaching methods,including reform of teaching content,reform of teaching methods and means,reform of experimental teaching and examination methods.It is expected to achieve the objective of improving the teaching effect of Plant Physiology. 展开更多
关键词 plant physiology Teaching reform Teaching methods
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Comparative Analysis of Various Strains of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on the Physiology of Garlic (Allium sativum)
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作者 Shiza Tariq Asghari Bano Naeem Khan 《Natural Science》 CAS 2023年第3期79-90,共12页
Garlic is a most important medicinal herb belonging to the family Liliaceae. Both its leaves and bulb are edible. The current study was based on evaluating the growth promoting potential of plant growth promoting rhiz... Garlic is a most important medicinal herb belonging to the family Liliaceae. Both its leaves and bulb are edible. The current study was based on evaluating the growth promoting potential of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on garlic (Allium sativum L.) growth and biochemical contents. Garlic cloves were inoculated with 3 kinds of PGPRs, Pseudomonas putida (KX574857), Pseudomonas stutzeri (Kx574858) and Bacillus cereus (ATCC14579) at 10<sup>8</sup> cells/mL prior to sowing. Under natural conditions, plants were grown in the net house. The PGPR significantly enhanced % germination, leaf and root growth and their biomass also increased the diameter of bulb and fresh and dry weight. The flavonoids, phenolics, chlorophyll, protein and sugar content were also significantly increased due to PGPR inoculation. The Pseudomonas stutzeri was found most effective for producing longer leaves with moderate sugar, high flavonoids (129%) and phenolics (263%) in bulb over control (Tap). The Pseudomonas putida exhibited a maximum increase in bulb diameter and bulb biomass with maximum phenolics and flavonoid contents. 展开更多
关键词 GARLIC plant Microbe Interaction RHIZOBACTERIA PGPR plant physiology Pseudomonas putida Pseudomonas stutzeri and Bacillus cereus
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The effect of dehydration on plant regeneration and some physiology characters in rice calli 被引量:1
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作者 ZHAO Chengzhang WU Lianbin YANG Changdeng QI Xiufang CNRRI,Hangzhou 310006,China 《Chinese Rice Research Newsletter》 1997年第2期7-8,共2页
The plant regeneration frequencies of ealli fromplant tissue and cell culture,especially that of thecalli from rice tissue culture and rice anther cul-ture,and that of the foreign-DNA-transfor-mation-derived rice call... The plant regeneration frequencies of ealli fromplant tissue and cell culture,especially that of thecalli from rice tissue culture and rice anther cul-ture,and that of the foreign-DNA-transfor-mation-derived rice calli is very low(usually 10-15%).It is therefor very important to improve theplant regeneration frequency of rice calli.A1- 展开更多
关键词 The effect of dehydration on plant regeneration and some physiology characters in rice calli
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Physiological and Biochemical Response of Artificial Wetland Plant under Electric Field 被引量:5
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作者 卢守波 宋新山 +2 位作者 张涛 王道源 严登华 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2010年第5期121-124,共4页
By measuring wetland plants chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) enzyme activity,the changes of wetland plant physiological characeristics under different power strength were ... By measuring wetland plants chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde(MDA) content and superoxide dismutase(SOD) enzyme activity,the changes of wetland plant physiological characeristics under different power strength were studied,and the mechanism of electric field on plant physiological characteristics was analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the pollutant removal ability strengthening of artificial wetland under electricfield.The results showed that compared with the control plants,low-intensity-voltage(1 V and 3 V) had no significant effect on the normal physiological and biochemical indexes of the plants,and the growth trend was better than the control group;with the voltage increasing,plant chlorophyll content,MDA content and SOD activity were greatly affected,indicating that plants were under strong oxidative stress,and the growth was damaged.Therefore,a suitable electric field could enhance the sewage treatment effect of constructed wetland. 展开更多
关键词 Electric field Artificial wetland plant Physiological and biochemical indexes Response
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Characteristics of plant calcium fractions for 25 species in Tengger Desert 被引量:4
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作者 HuaCong Ci XingDong lie +4 位作者 Rong Li Wei Wu PingPing Xue YuBao Gao HaLin Zhao 《Research in Cold and Arid Regions》 2010年第2期168-174,共7页
Little attention has been paid to plant calcium fractions in the desert.To address the characteristic of the calcium fractions of desert plants,we collected 25 plant species in Tengger Desert,observed the calcium crys... Little attention has been paid to plant calcium fractions in the desert.To address the characteristic of the calcium fractions of desert plants,we collected 25 plant species in Tengger Desert,observed the calcium crystals using an optical microscope and determined water soluble calcium,acetic acid soluble calcium,and hydrochloric acid soluble calcium.To do so,we used sequential fractionation procedures to probe the relationships among different functional groups,different growth forms,or different successional stages.The results showed that the psammophyte,the late successional plants,and the drought-resistant shrub and semi-shrub all held considerable calcium oxalate crystal compared to the grassland plants,the early successional plants,and the perennial herb.With the proceeding succession,the acetic acid soluble calcium decreased gradually,and the hydrochloric acid soluble calcium increased gradually.The perennial herb had more water soluble calcium,while shrub held greater hydrochloric acid soluble calcium.The grassland plants held more water soluble calcium,while psammophyte had greater hydrochloric acid soluble calcium.This implies that the plants that are relatively sensitive to drought hold more calcium ion,while the drought-resistance plants hold more calcium oxalate.Thus,the plant calcium components are in close relation to plant drought-resistance,and of important significance in plant physiology of the desert. 展开更多
关键词 calcium crystal plant calcium components plant physiology Tengger Desert
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Influencing in vitro clonal propagation of Chonemorpha fragrans(moon) Alston by culture media strength,plant growth regulators,carbon source and photo periodic incubation
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作者 Tasiu Isah Shahid Umar 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第1期27-43,共17页
Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three bi... Chonemorpha fragrans is an endangered medicinal woody climber,regarded among alternative plant sources of camptothecin.Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole anti-cancer alkaloid with annual trade value of over three billion U.S.dollars in the recent,and is used in the production of its analog drugs approved for the chemotherapy of cancer of varied types.Effects of plant growth regulators,culture media strength and photoperi-odic duration on the micropropagation ef ciency of C.fragrans from nodal segment explants were studied on Murashige and Skoog(MS)medium amended with Thidiazuron(TDZ),Benzylaminopurine(BAP)or Kinetin(Kin).Thidiazuron was more ef cient over BAP and Kin when half basal MS medium was used over full or quarter strength.Results of carbon source experiment showed sucrose as the most effective over glucose,fructose,and maltose in the clonal production.Studies on the photope-riodic incubation duration showed 12 h as the best light period and sub or supra-optimal resulted in the production of abnormal and albino micro shoots.Experimental results on the evaluation of physiological,biochemical parameters showed the role of pigment molecules and antioxidant systems in the production of albino micro shoots. 展开更多
关键词 MICROPROPAGATION Micro shoot plantLETS Chonemorpha fragrans plant physiology Albino shoot Basal callus PGRs(plant growth regulators) Antioxidants
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Ethanol Metabolism in Calluses of Several Selected Plant Species on Two Typical Plant-Growth-Regulator Balanced Media
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作者 Yang Yue-sheng, Zheng Ying-dong, Chen Yu-fen, Zheng Ling College of Biotechnology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 EI CAS 2000年第4期500-504,共5页
For investigation on the characteristics of ethanol metabolism in tissues of different plant species, calluses from eight selected plant species were cultured on medium supplemented with ethanol in tightly sealed cult... For investigation on the characteristics of ethanol metabolism in tissues of different plant species, calluses from eight selected plant species were cultured on medium supplemented with ethanol in tightly sealed culture flasks. Changes of the ethanol level were detected by gas chromatography. During the culture period, the calluses of tobacco, potato and petunia were, able to catabolize exogenous ethanol, resulting in the prominent decline of the ethanol level in the medium. The calluses of melon and peanut were also able to catabolize thanol but with lower efficiency. The other three calluses of carrot, soybean and rice did not catabolize ethanol but instead produced small to large amount of ethanol, resulting in the increase of the ethanol level in the media. It was also found that changing the balance between auxin and cytokinin could influence only the ethanol metabolism efficiency but could not change the metabolism patterns on ethanol of the cultured calluses. It can be concluded that, ethanol metabolism pattern of calluses in cultures is an innate physiological characteristic of the respective plant species. 展开更多
关键词 callus culture ethanol metabolism plant growth regulator plant physiology
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Physiological Mechanism for Anthocyanins to Strengthen the Drought Tolerance of Plants 被引量:4
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作者 唐小华 赵昶灵 +4 位作者 文国松 王文亚 王崇德 孙艳 白雪嵩 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2014年第11期1935-1941,共7页
This paper summarized the possible physiological mechanism by which anthocyanins strengthen the tolerance of plants to drought. Drought stress can in-duce plant cel s to synthesize and accumulate anthocyanins. The pho... This paper summarized the possible physiological mechanism by which anthocyanins strengthen the tolerance of plants to drought. Drought stress can in-duce plant cel s to synthesize and accumulate anthocyanins. The photochemical properties, subcel ular accumulation sites and spatial distributions in plant organs and tissues of anthocyanins determine their function of strengthening plant tolerance, which is realized by three possible physiological mechanisms: (1) anthocyanins and their chelated metal ions can optimize the osmoregulation ability of the plant cel s by directly acting as the osmoregulation substances of the cel s, (2) anthocyanins with suitable spatial locations can reduce the photoinhibition of the plants under drought stresses, (3) anthocyanins can effectively maintain and improve the active oxygen-scavenging capacity of the plant cel s under drought conditions. Therein, that the anthocyanins enhance the antioxidant capacity of the plant cel s under drought stresses is probably the main reason for the anthocyanins to strengthen the drought tolerance of plants. This review could provide a reference for the mechanism re-search of the drought resistance and the breeding of the drought-resistant cultivars for the plants holding the ability to synthesize and accumulate anthocyanins. 展开更多
关键词 Anthocyanins Strengthen plant drought tolerance Physiological mech-anism
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Low Doses of Ionized Radiation and Hypomagnetic Field Alter Redox Properties of Water and Physiological Characteristics of Seeds of the Highest Plants 被引量:2
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作者 Svetlana Stepanovna Moisa Vladimir Vladimirovich Tsetlin +1 位作者 Margarita Alexandrovna Levinskich Elena Leonidovna Nefedova 《Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering》 2016年第8期410-418,共10页
The influence of a 40-fold attenuated geomagnetic field and its combined action with low doses of α- and γ-irradiation on the physiological characteristics of seeds of the highest plants and redox properties of wate... The influence of a 40-fold attenuated geomagnetic field and its combined action with low doses of α- and γ-irradiation on the physiological characteristics of seeds of the highest plants and redox properties of water was investigated. It established the reduction of seed germination both under direct and indirect effects due to water action of attenuated geomagnetic field. A negative effect of hypomagnetic field on grown characteristics of seeds under indirect effect via water was decreased by the low doses of γ-irradiation, and was increased by low doses of α-irradiation, i.e. ionized radiation was the dominant factor in their combined action. It was revealed the increasing of the value of the oxidation-reduction potential of water under the influence of low-intensive α-ir-radiation (239Pu), γ-irradiation (137Cs) and also that the magnetic induction attenuated pointing to a natural decline. The increasing of the oxidation-reduction potential value testifies about “the regular decreasing of internal energy of water molecules” and the increasing of its oxidative properties, which, in our opinion, is caused the inhibition of the germination of seeds. It is supposed that namely water is the main component in the effects of studying factors on bio-objects, which acts due to the alterations of the properties and structural content of water. 展开更多
关键词 α- and γ-Irradiation Hypomagnetic Field Oxidation-Reduction Potential of Water Physiological Characteristics of Seeds of the Highest plants
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Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Salinity Tolerance in Carex morrowii Boott 被引量:1
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作者 Aysegul Akpinar 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2023年第7期2197-2210,共14页
Carex species are widely used in many parts of the world and contain a large number of ecologically diverse species.Among the Carex species,some of them are known to be glycophytes,while others are halophytes.Carex mo... Carex species are widely used in many parts of the world and contain a large number of ecologically diverse species.Among the Carex species,some of them are known to be glycophytes,while others are halophytes.Carex morrowii Boott(Cyperaceae)is resistant to trample through their root structure and has an essential ornamental value in the landscape with their leaves.However,no information was found about the level of salinity tolerance/sensitivity of the Carex morrowii among these species.In the present study,changes in trace element contents(Na,K,Ca,Cu,Mn,Mg,Ni,Fe,P,Zn,and N)and their transport from roots to leaves,osmotic regulation,alterations in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents,nitrogen assimilation(nitrate reductase activity;NRA)and total soluble protein content in both roots and leaves of Carex morrowii under different salinity concentrations(50 mM,100 mM,200 mM and 300 mM NaCl)were examined in detail.Our study provides the first detailed data concerning the responses of leaves and roots and the determination of the level of salinity tolerance/sensitivity of the Carex morrowii.The K+/Na+ratio was preserved up to 200 mM NaCl,and accordingly,the element uptake and transport ratios showed that they could control moderate NaCl levels.Ca homeostasis that is maintained even in 200 mM NaCl concentration can be effective in maintaining the structural integrity and selective permeability of the cell membranes,while 300 mM NaCl concentration caused decreased photosynthetic pigments,and deterioration in element content and compartmentation.Moreover,these data suggest that plant parts of Carex morrowii respond differently against varied levels of salinity stress.Although the decrease in NR activity at 200 mM and 300 mM NaCl concentrations in the leaves,NR activity was maintained in the roots.Consequently,Carex morrowii is moderately tolerant to salinity and the carotenoid content and osmotic regulation of Carex morrowii appears to be instrumental in its survival at different salinity levels.Especially the roots of Carex morrowii have a remarkable role in salinity tolerance. 展开更多
关键词 SALINITY trace element uptake nitrogen assimilation plant physiology Carex morrowii
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Adaptive mechanisms of Ardisia crenata var.bicolor along an elevational gradient on Gaoligong Mountain,Southwest China 被引量:1
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作者 AI Xing-mei LI Yu +1 位作者 XIE Huan ZHAO Cai-bao 《Journal of Mountain Science》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期765-778,共14页
Plants overcome environmental stress by generating metabolic pathways.Thus,it is crucial to understand the physiological mechanisms of plant responses to changing environments.Ardisia crenata var.bicolor has an import... Plants overcome environmental stress by generating metabolic pathways.Thus,it is crucial to understand the physiological mechanisms of plant responses to changing environments.Ardisia crenata var.bicolor has an important ornamental and medicinal value.To reveal the impact of elevational gradient on the habitat soil and plant physiological attributes of this species,we collected root topsoil(0–20 cm)and subsoil(20–40 cm)samples and upper leaves at the initial blooming phase,in a survey of six elevations at 1,257 m,1,538 m,1,744 m,1,970 m,2,135 m,and 2,376 m,with 18 block plots,and 5sampling points at each site.Temperature decreases with an increase in elevation,and soil variables,and enzymatic activities fluctuated in both the topsoil and subsoil,with all of them increasing with elevation and decreasing with soil depth.Redundancy analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the distribution of A.crenata var.bicolor along the elevational gradient and soil nutrients and enzyme activities,the soil properties were mainly affected by p H at low elevations,and governed by total phosphorus(TP)and available nitrogen(AN)at high elevations.The levels of chlorophyll,carbohydrates,and enzymatic activity except for anthocyanin in this species showed significant variation depending on physiological attributes evaluated at the different collection elevations.The decline in chlorophyll a and b may be associated with the adaptive response to avoid environmental stress,while its higher soluble sugar and protein contents play important roles in escaping adverse climatic conditions,and the increases in activities of antioxidant enzymes except peroxidase(POD)reflect this species’higher capacity for reactive oxygen scavenging(ROS)at high elevations.This study provides supporting evidence that elevation significantly affects the physiological attributes of A.crenata var.bicolor on Gaoligong Mountain,which is helpful for understanding plant adaptation strategies and the plasticity of plant physiological traits along the elevational gradients. 展开更多
关键词 Ardisia crenata var.bicolor Adaptive distribution ELEVATION Gaoligong Mountain plant physiological trait Soil physicochemical properties
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Effects of 17β-Estradiol on Growth, Primary Metabolism, Phenylpropanoid-Flavonoid Pathways and Pathogen Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana 被引量:1
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作者 Pallavi Upadhyay Camelia Maier 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2016年第13期1693-1710,共19页
Mammalian sex hormones are spread in the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources. In the present study, the effect of estradiol on Arabidopsis thaliana growth primary metabolism, phenylpropanoid and flavono... Mammalian sex hormones are spread in the environment from natural and anthropogenic sources. In the present study, the effect of estradiol on Arabidopsis thaliana growth primary metabolism, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways and pathogen resistance were investigated. Treatments of Arabidopsis plants with 10 and 100 nM 17β-estradiol resulted in enhanced root growth and shoot biomass. In addition, treated plants had an increased rate of photosynthesis with a concomitant increase in carbohydrate and protein accumulation. Plants exposed to higher concentrations of 17β-estradiol (10 μM) had significantly lower root growth, biomass, photosynthesis rate, primary metabolite and phenylpropanoid and flavonoid contents indicating a toxic effect of estradiol. Treatments with increasing estradiol concentrations (10 nM, 100 nM and 10 μM) resulted in the downregulation of phenylpropanoid-flavonoid pathway genes (PAL1, PAL4, CHI and ANS) and subsequent decreased accumulation of phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Estradiol-treated plants were inoculated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato DC3000 and basal resistance was determined. Estradiol treatments rendered plants susceptible to the pathogen, thus compromising the plant defense mechanisms. These results indicate that at low concentrations, estradiol functions as a biostimulant of growth, yield and primary metabolism of Arabidopsis. However, estradiol functions as a potential transcriptional regulator of the phenylpropanoid pathway genes in Arabidopsis, having a negative effect on the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways. 展开更多
关键词 plant Ecology plant physiology plant Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Preliminary Study on Water Physiological Characters of Male and Female Ginkgo biloba L.
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作者 曹全 江洪 +3 位作者 曾波 余树全 王彬 蒋馥蔚 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2009年第3期76-80,共5页
[Objective] The experiment aimed to study the difference of water physiology of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. for discussing the strategy of water utilization as well as the important role of this difference during... [Objective] The experiment aimed to study the difference of water physiology of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. for discussing the strategy of water utilization as well as the important role of this difference during evolution process. [Method] The stem sap flow, stomatal conductance(Gs), transpiration rate(Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE) of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were comparatively studied. [Result] The day-night processes of flow on male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were similar. The flow on male and female Ginkgo biloba L. in day were almost same while the flow at night on male Ginkgo biloba L. was bigger than that on female Ginkgo biloba L. The Tr and Gs of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were high in morning and at night but low at noon ,while Tr and Gs of female Ginkgo biloba L. in morning and at night were higher than these of male Ginkgo biloba L. at the same time point. However, these indexes of female plant were lower than these of male plant from 11:00 to 14:00. WUE changing trends of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were similar, while average water utilization rate of female Ginkgo biloba L. was slightly lower than that of male Ginkgo biloba L. [Conclusion] Compared with other companion plants, water physiology of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. had strong homoplasy. The phenomenon might be a survival strategy of dioecious plants under long term evolutionary pressure. 展开更多
关键词 Ginkgo biloba L. Male and female plants Water physiology
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Effect of Lanthanum on Rice Growth and Phy siological Parameters with Split-Root Nutrient Solution Culture
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作者 谢祖彬 朱建国 +4 位作者 褚海燕 张雅丽 高人 曾青 曹志洪 《Journal of Rare Earths》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第1期86-91,共6页
Split-root solution culture was used to study the promoting effect of lanthanum on rice (Oryza sativa) growth and its physiological mechanisms. Results sho w that low concentration (0.05~1.5 mg·L -1) increases... Split-root solution culture was used to study the promoting effect of lanthanum on rice (Oryza sativa) growth and its physiological mechanisms. Results sho w that low concentration (0.05~1.5 mg·L -1) increases rice yield an d grain numbers. High concentration depresses grain formation (9~30 mg·L -1 ) and root elongation (1.5~30 mg·L -1). No significant influence on str aw dry weight was found over the whole concentration range except the 0.05 mg·L -1 treatment. With the increase of La concentration from 0.05 to 0.75 mg· L -1, catalase (CAT) activity in the first fully expandeing leaves and root s decreases. When La concentration is greater than 0.75 mg·L -1 or less than 9 mg·L -1, it significantly decreases superoxide dismutase activity ( SOD) in the leaves and roots. No significant effects were found on chlorophyll, protein and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Possible mechanisms of La′s promotin g effect on rice growth and reduction effect of ·O- 2 were discussed. 展开更多
关键词 plant physiology physiological parameters split-root solution culture LANTHANUM rare earths
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Assessment of organic compost and biochar in promoting phytoremediation of crude-oil contaminated soil using Calendula officinalis in the Loess Plateau, China 被引量:4
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作者 WANG Jincheng JING Mingbo +5 位作者 ZHANG Wei ZHANG Gaosen ZHANG Binglin LIU Guangxiu CHEN Tuo ZHAO Zhiguang 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2021年第6期612-628,共17页
The Loess Plateau,located in Gansu Province,is an important energy base in China because most of the oil and gas resources are distributed in Gansu Province.In the last 40 a,ecological environment in this region has b... The Loess Plateau,located in Gansu Province,is an important energy base in China because most of the oil and gas resources are distributed in Gansu Province.In the last 40 a,ecological environment in this region has been extremely destroyed due to the over-exploitation of crude-oil resources.Remediation of crude-oil contaminated soil in this area remains to be a challenging task.In this study,in order to elucidate the effects of organic compost and biochar on phytoremediation of crude-oil contaminated soil(20 g/kg)by Calendula officinalis,we designed five treatments,i.e.,natural attenuation(CK),planted C.officinalis only(P),planted C.officinalis with biochar amendment(PB),planted C.officinalis with organic compost amendment(PC),and planted C.officinalis with co-amendment of biochar and organic compost(PBC).After 152 d of cultivation,total petroleum hydrocarbons(TPH)removal rates of CK,P,PB,PC and PBC were 6.36%,50.08%,39.58%,73.10%and 59.87%,respectively.Shoot and root dry weights of C.officinalis significantly increased by 172.31%and 80.96%under PC and 311.61%and 145.43%under PBC,respectively as compared with P(P<0.05).Total chlorophyll contents in leaves of C.officinalis under P,PC and PBC significantly increased by 77.36%,125.50%and 79.80%,respectively(P<0.05)as compared with PB.Physical-chemical characteristics and enzymatic activity of soil in different treatments were also assessed.The highest total N,total P,available N,available P and SOM(soil organic matter)occurred in PC,followed by PBC(P<0.05).C.officinalis rhizospheric soil dehydrogenase(DHA)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activities in PB were lower than those of other treatments(P<0.05).The values of ACE(abundance-based coverage estimators)and Chao 1 indices for rhizospheric bacteria were the highest under PC followed by PBC,P,PB and CK(P<0.05).However,the Shannon index for bacteria was the highest under PC and PBC,followed by P,PB and CK(P<0.05).In terms of soil microbial community composition,Proteiniphilum,Immundisolibacteraceae and Solimonadaceae were relatively more abundant under PC and PBC.Relative abundances of Pseudallescheria,Ochroconis,Fusarium,Sarocladium,Podospora,Apodus,Pyrenochaetopsis and Schizothecium under PC and PBC were higher,while relative abundances of Gliomastix,Aspergillus and Alternaria were lower under PC and PBC.As per the nonmetric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)analysis,application of organic compost significantly promoted soil N and P contents,shoot length,root vitality,chlorophyll ratio,total chlorophyll,abundance and diversity of rhizospheric soil microbial community in C.officinalis.A high p H value and lower soil N and P contents induced by biochar,altered C.officinalis rhizospheric soil microbial community composition,which might have restrained its phytoremediation efficiency.The results suggest that organic compost-assisted C.officinalis phytoremediation for crude-oil contaminated soil was highly effective in the Loess Plateau,China. 展开更多
关键词 total petroleum hydrocarbons soil physical-chemical characteristics plant physiological parameters soil enzyme microbial community composition
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Impact of Asarum Essential Oils on Physiological and Biochemical Indicators of Two Agricultural Pests 被引量:2
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作者 Liu Yan Ji Lanzhu +3 位作者 Wang Guiqing Wang Yuanxia Zhang Yue Yi Xuemei 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2014年第3期1-6,共6页
[Objective]The paper was to study the effects of asarum essential oils on physiological and biochemical indices of two agricultural pests. [Method]Asarum essential oils were extracted by different methods,and their ef... [Objective]The paper was to study the effects of asarum essential oils on physiological and biochemical indices of two agricultural pests. [Method]Asarum essential oils were extracted by different methods,and their effects on physiological and biochemical indices related to the structure of body wall( chitin and phenoloxidase),the physiological and biochemical indices acting on the nervous system( Acetylcholinesterase),and the physiological and biochemical indices acting on the digestive system( protease,amylase and lipase) of Ostrinia furnacalis and Mythimna seperata were studied. [Result]Asarum essential oils had no effect no chitin content of body wall under the experimental concentration,and had no inhibitory effect but activated effect on polyphenol oxidase activity. Asarum essential oils could act on the nervous system of insect,and had strong inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase activity of O. furnacalis larvae,with inhibition rates of 24. 86%- 38. 79%. Asarum essential oils showed a significant activated effect on pepsin activity in midgut,but the activated amplitude became smaller with the prolongation of treatment time. Asarum essential oils showed a significant inhibitory effect on activities of amylase and lipase,indicating that it could play an insecticidal effect by inhibiting activity of amylase and lipase,and it could act on digestive system of insect. [Conclusion]The study laid the foundation for further development of asarum as botanical pesticide. 展开更多
关键词 plant essential oil Asarum Ostrinia furnacalis Mythimna seperata Physiological and biochemical indices
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Plant E3 Ligases: Flexible Enzymes in a Sessile World 被引量:18
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作者 Liyuan Chen Hanjo Hellmann 《Molecular Plant》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第5期1388-1404,共17页
Since its discovery in the late 1970s, the ubiquitin proteasome pathway appears to be omnipresent in many research fields. Although originally discovered in animals, the pathway has a very central role in plants, whic... Since its discovery in the late 1970s, the ubiquitin proteasome pathway appears to be omnipresent in many research fields. Although originally discovered in animals, the pathway has a very central role in plants, which may be correlated to their sessile lifestyle. E3 ligases function as flexible and highly diverse key regulators within the path- way by targeting substrate proteins for ubiquitylation, and often proteolytic degradation via the 26S proteasome. This review provides a concise overview on the most common classes of E3 ligases so far described in plants, and emphasizes recent findings regarding these interesting and flexible enzymes and their diverse functions in plant biology. 展开更多
关键词 E3 ligases plant development plant physiology ubiquitin proteasome pathway.
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Hydrogen sulfide, a signaling molecule in plant stress responses 被引量:10
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作者 Jing Zhang Mingjian Zhou +9 位作者 Heng Zhou Didi Zhao Cecilia Gotor Luis CRomero Jie Shen Zhenglin Ge Zhirong Zhang Wenbiao Shen Xingxing Yuan Yanjie Xie 《Journal of Integrative Plant Biology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第1期146-160,共15页
Gaseous molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide(H_2S)and nitric oxide(NO), are crucial players in cellular and(patho)physiological processes in biological systems. The biological functions of these gaseous molecules, whic... Gaseous molecules, such as hydrogen sulfide(H_2S)and nitric oxide(NO), are crucial players in cellular and(patho)physiological processes in biological systems. The biological functions of these gaseous molecules, which were first discovered and identified as gasotransmitters in animals, have received unprecedented attention from plant scientists in recent decades. Researchers have arrived at the consensus that H_2S is synthesized endogenously and serves as a signaling molecule throughout the plant life cycle.However, the mechanisms of H_2S action in redox biology is still largely unexplored. This review highlights what we currently know about the characteristics and biosynthesis of H_2S in plants. Additionally,we summarize the role of H_2S in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Moreover, we propose and discuss possible redox-dependent mechanisms by which H_2S regulates plant physiology. 展开更多
关键词 GASOTRANSMITTER hydrogen sulfide persulfidation plant physiology redox signaling stress response
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Ion Channels in Plant Bioenergetic Organelles, Chloroplasts and Mitochondria: From Molecular Identification to Function 被引量:5
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作者 Luca Carraretto Enrico Teardo +3 位作者 Vanessa Checchetto Giovanni Finazzi Nobuyuki Uozumi Ildiko Szabo 《Molecular Plant》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第3期371-395,共25页
Recent technical advances in electrophysiological measurements, organelle-targeted fluorescence imaging, and organelle proteomics have pushed the research of ion transport a step forward in the case of the plant bioen... Recent technical advances in electrophysiological measurements, organelle-targeted fluorescence imaging, and organelle proteomics have pushed the research of ion transport a step forward in the case of the plant bioenergetic organelles, chloroplasts and mitochondria, leading to the molecular identification and functional characterization of several ion transport systems in recent years. Here we focus on channels that mediate relatively high-rate ion and water flux and summarize the current knowledge in this field, focusing on targeting mechanisms, proteomics, electrophysiology, and physiological function. In addition, since chloroplasts evolved from a cyanobacterial ancestor, we give an overview of the information available about cyanobacterial ion channels and discuss the evolutionary origin of chloroplast channels. The recent molecular identification of some of these ion channels allowed their physiological functions to be studied using genetically modified Arabidopsis plants and cyanobacteria. The view is emerging that alteration of chloroplast and mitochondrial ion homeostasis leads to organelle dysfunction, which in turn significantly affects the energy metabolism of the whole organism. Clear-cut identification of genes encoding for chan- nels in these organelles, however, remains a major challenge in this rapidly developing field. Multiple stra- tegies including bioinformatics, cell biology, electrophysiology, use of organelle-targeted ion-sensitive probes, genetics, and identification of signals eliciting specific ion fluxes across organelle membranes should provide a better understanding of the physiological role of organellar channels and their contribution to signaling pathways in plants in the future. 展开更多
关键词 ion channels CHLOROPLASTS MITOCHONDRIA CYANOBACTERIA ENDOSYMBIOSIS plant physiology
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Plant-soil feedback during biological invasions:effect of litter decomposition from an invasive plant(Sphagneticola trilobata)on its native congener(S.calendulacea) 被引量:5
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作者 Jianfan Sun Susan Rutherford +7 位作者 Muhammad Saif Ullah Ikram Ullah Qaiser Javed Ghulam Rasool Muhammad Ajmal Ahmad Azeem Muhammad Junaid Nazir Daolin Du 《Journal of Plant Ecology》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第3期610-624,共15页
Plant invasions can affect soil properties in the invaded habitat by altering the biotic and abiotic nature of soils through positive or negative plant–soil feedback.Litter decomposition from many invasive species en... Plant invasions can affect soil properties in the invaded habitat by altering the biotic and abiotic nature of soils through positive or negative plant–soil feedback.Litter decomposition from many invasive species enhanced soil nutrients,thereby decreasing native plant diversity and leading to further plant invasions.Here,we examined the impact of litter decomposition from an invasive plant(Sphagneticola trilobata)in a range of soils at varying depths on growth and physiology of its native congener(Sphagneticola calendulacea).We added litter from S.trilobata to each soil type at different depths(0,2,4 and 6 cm).Plants of S.calendulacea were grown in each treatment,and morphological and physiological parameters were measured at the end of the growing period.All soils treated with litter displayed increases in soil nutrients at depths of 2 and 4 cm;while most growth traits,leaf chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen of S.calendulacea decreased at the same soil depths.Therefore,litter decomposition from invasive S.trilobata resulted in a positive plant–soil feedback for soil nutrients,and a negative plant–soil feedback for growth in native S.calendulacea.Our findings also suggest that the effects of litter decomposition from an invasive plant on soils and native species can vary significantly depending on the soil depth at which the litter is deposited.Future studies should focus on plant–soil feedback for more native and invasive species in invaded habitats,and the effects of invasive litter in more soil types and at greater soil depths. 展开更多
关键词 plant invasion plant morphology plant physiology soil depth soil minerals
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