The comparative studies of Pb and Cd adsorption to the surface coatings(Fe, Mn, Al oxides, organic materials, and associated minerals), which were developed on glass slides in five natural and two technical waters(pla...The comparative studies of Pb and Cd adsorption to the surface coatings(Fe, Mn, Al oxides, organic materials, and associated minerals), which were developed on glass slides in five natural and two technical waters(plant effluents), were carried out under controlled laboratory conditions(mineral salts solution with defined speciation, ionic strength 0 05 mol/L, 25 ℃ and pH 6 0). The classical Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied to estimating the equilibrium coefficients of Pb and Cd adsorption to the surface coatings. The results show that the maximum adsorption of Pb and Cd to the surface coatings mentioned above varied widely. There was a systemic increase in the maximum adsorption of Pb and Cd to the surface coatings with increasing the contents of Mn and Fe oxides in the surface coatings in significant correlation, respectively, not only highlighting the relative importance of the metal oxide fraction for Pb and Cd adsorption to the surface coatings developed in natural and technical water samples, but also implying the same adsorption mechanisms of Pb and Cd to the surface coatings developed both in natural and technical water samples.展开更多
[ Objective ] The study aimed at treating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent by using bio-film reactor with filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier. [ Method] With the aid of a continuous flow reactor, a bio-film ...[ Objective ] The study aimed at treating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent by using bio-film reactor with filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier. [ Method] With the aid of a continuous flow reactor, a bio-film reactor using filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier was used to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio, and the removal effects of CODc,, TN (total nitrogen), and NO3--N in the wastewater were analyzed.[ Result ] The average removal rates of CODcr, TN, and NO3- -N reached 47.7%, 23.6% and 34.5% when the C/N ratio of influent was around 2. In addi- tion, a stable bio-film was formed very well in the secondary effluent with low C/N ratio and hardly degradable organic pollutants. The pollutants could be removed effectively because of the excellent surface characteristics and compositions of filamentous bamboo. [ Conclusion] The research provides a new method to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio.展开更多
The objectives of the present investigations are to see the effects of biomass power plant effluent on the carbohydrates, aminoacids, nitrite and nitrite enzyme activitiesand proline of Arachis hypogaea L. var TCGS 32...The objectives of the present investigations are to see the effects of biomass power plant effluent on the carbohydrates, aminoacids, nitrite and nitrite enzyme activitiesand proline of Arachis hypogaea L. var TCGS 320 under controlled pot culture methods. Plants were cultivated with 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the effluent and a control without the effluent. The treatment of the crop with 25% of the effluent has shown stimulatory effect on all the biochemical parameters studied. Carbohydrates, starch, aminoacids, protein, nitrate and nitrite reductase enzymatic activities have increased in 10, 15, 20 DAS (days after sowing). In 25 and 30 DAS all biochemical parameters have decreased, due to environmental factors (rainfall, temperature, humidity, etc.). The present investigation clearly indicated that the biomass power plant effluent has stimulatory effect on all the biochemical contents at lower concentration, and at higher concentration they have deleterious effects.展开更多
Effluents from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) containing microorganisms and residual nutrients can influence the biofilm formation. Although the process and mechanism of bacterial biofilm formation have been wel...Effluents from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) containing microorganisms and residual nutrients can influence the biofilm formation. Although the process and mechanism of bacterial biofilm formation have been well characterized, little is known about the characteristics and interaction of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes in the early colonization, especially under the influence of WWTP effluent. The aim of this study was to characterize the important bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic species in the early stage of biofilm formation downstream of the WWTP outlet. Water and biofilm samples were collected 24 and 48 hr after the deposition of bio-cords in the stream. Illumina Miseq sequencing of the 16 S and 18 S rDNA showed that, among the three domains, the bacterial biofilm community had the largest alpha and beta diversity. The early bacterial colonizers appeared to be "biofilm-specific", with only a few dominant operational taxonomic units(OTUs) shared between the biofilm and the ambient water environment. Alpha-proteobacteria and Ciliophora tended to dominate the bacterial and eukaryotic communities, respectively, of the early biofilm already at 24 hr, whereas archaea played only a minor role during the early stage of colonization. The network analysis showed that the three domains of microbial community connected highly during the early colonization and it might be a characteristic of the microbial communities in the biofilm formation process where co-occurrence relationships could drive coexistence and diversity maintenance within the microbial communities.展开更多
The treatment of wastewaters is crucial to maintain the ecological status of receiving waters,and thereby guarantee the protection of aquatic life and human health.Wastewater quality evaluation is conventionally based...The treatment of wastewaters is crucial to maintain the ecological status of receiving waters,and thereby guarantee the protection of aquatic life and human health.Wastewater quality evaluation is conventionally based on physicochemical parameters,but increasing attention has been paid to integrate physicochemical and biological data.Nevertheless,the regulatory use of fish in biological testing methods has been subject to various ethical and cost concerns,and in vitro cell-based assays have thus become an important topic of interest.Hence,the present study intends:(a) to evaluate the efficiency of two different sample pre-concentration techniques (lyophilisation and solid phase extraction) to assess the toxicity of municipal effluents on rat cardiomyoblast H9c2(2-1) cells,and (b) maximizing the use of the effluent sample collected,to estimate the environmental condition of the receiving environment.The gathered results demonstrate that the H9c2(2-1) sulforhodamine B-based assay is an appropriate in vitro method to assess biological effluent toxicity,and the best results were attained by lyophilising the sample as pre-treatment.Due to its response,the H9c2(2-1) cell line might be a possible alternative in vitro model for fish lethal testing to assess the toxicity of municipal effluents.The physicochemical status of the sample suggests a high potential for eutrophication,and iron exceeded the permissible level for wastewater discharge,possibly due to the addition of ferric chloride for wastewater treatment.In general,the levels of carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole are higher than those reported for other countries,and both surpassed the aquatic protective values for long-term exposure.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China( No. 2 0 0 770 11) and Supporting Program Foundationfor Outstanding Faculties in Chinese U niversities by the State Education Ministry of P.R.China
文摘The comparative studies of Pb and Cd adsorption to the surface coatings(Fe, Mn, Al oxides, organic materials, and associated minerals), which were developed on glass slides in five natural and two technical waters(plant effluents), were carried out under controlled laboratory conditions(mineral salts solution with defined speciation, ionic strength 0 05 mol/L, 25 ℃ and pH 6 0). The classical Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied to estimating the equilibrium coefficients of Pb and Cd adsorption to the surface coatings. The results show that the maximum adsorption of Pb and Cd to the surface coatings mentioned above varied widely. There was a systemic increase in the maximum adsorption of Pb and Cd to the surface coatings with increasing the contents of Mn and Fe oxides in the surface coatings in significant correlation, respectively, not only highlighting the relative importance of the metal oxide fraction for Pb and Cd adsorption to the surface coatings developed in natural and technical water samples, but also implying the same adsorption mechanisms of Pb and Cd to the surface coatings developed both in natural and technical water samples.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for Postgraduates of ZhengZhou University (A1003) Open Foundation of Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Material and Environmental Engineering (K11027)
文摘[ Objective ] The study aimed at treating wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent by using bio-film reactor with filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier. [ Method] With the aid of a continuous flow reactor, a bio-film reactor using filamentous bamboo as bio-carrier was used to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio, and the removal effects of CODc,, TN (total nitrogen), and NO3--N in the wastewater were analyzed.[ Result ] The average removal rates of CODcr, TN, and NO3- -N reached 47.7%, 23.6% and 34.5% when the C/N ratio of influent was around 2. In addi- tion, a stable bio-film was formed very well in the secondary effluent with low C/N ratio and hardly degradable organic pollutants. The pollutants could be removed effectively because of the excellent surface characteristics and compositions of filamentous bamboo. [ Conclusion] The research provides a new method to treat WWTP effluent with low C/N ratio.
文摘The objectives of the present investigations are to see the effects of biomass power plant effluent on the carbohydrates, aminoacids, nitrite and nitrite enzyme activitiesand proline of Arachis hypogaea L. var TCGS 320 under controlled pot culture methods. Plants were cultivated with 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the effluent and a control without the effluent. The treatment of the crop with 25% of the effluent has shown stimulatory effect on all the biochemical parameters studied. Carbohydrates, starch, aminoacids, protein, nitrate and nitrite reductase enzymatic activities have increased in 10, 15, 20 DAS (days after sowing). In 25 and 30 DAS all biochemical parameters have decreased, due to environmental factors (rainfall, temperature, humidity, etc.). The present investigation clearly indicated that the biomass power plant effluent has stimulatory effect on all the biochemical contents at lower concentration, and at higher concentration they have deleterious effects.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFC0502801)
文摘Effluents from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) containing microorganisms and residual nutrients can influence the biofilm formation. Although the process and mechanism of bacterial biofilm formation have been well characterized, little is known about the characteristics and interaction of bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes in the early colonization, especially under the influence of WWTP effluent. The aim of this study was to characterize the important bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic species in the early stage of biofilm formation downstream of the WWTP outlet. Water and biofilm samples were collected 24 and 48 hr after the deposition of bio-cords in the stream. Illumina Miseq sequencing of the 16 S and 18 S rDNA showed that, among the three domains, the bacterial biofilm community had the largest alpha and beta diversity. The early bacterial colonizers appeared to be "biofilm-specific", with only a few dominant operational taxonomic units(OTUs) shared between the biofilm and the ambient water environment. Alpha-proteobacteria and Ciliophora tended to dominate the bacterial and eukaryotic communities, respectively, of the early biofilm already at 24 hr, whereas archaea played only a minor role during the early stage of colonization. The network analysis showed that the three domains of microbial community connected highly during the early colonization and it might be a characteristic of the microbial communities in the biofilm formation process where co-occurrence relationships could drive coexistence and diversity maintenance within the microbial communities.
基金The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) supported the present study through a fellowship attributed to Elsa Teresa Rodrigues(SFRH/BPD/116152/2016),which was funded by the Human Potential Operating Program of the European Social Fund,and by the Portuguese budget through the Ministry of Education and Sciencedeveloped within the Fish Free Project(PTDC/AAG-TEC/4966/2014)+3 种基金supported by the FCT through national funds (3599-PPCDT)the co-funding of the European Regional Development Fund (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016875)supported within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement and COMPETE 2020 by the centre for Functional Ecology Strategic Project (UID/BIA/04004/2013)the Coimbra Chemistry Center Strategic Project (UID/QUI/00313/2013)。
文摘The treatment of wastewaters is crucial to maintain the ecological status of receiving waters,and thereby guarantee the protection of aquatic life and human health.Wastewater quality evaluation is conventionally based on physicochemical parameters,but increasing attention has been paid to integrate physicochemical and biological data.Nevertheless,the regulatory use of fish in biological testing methods has been subject to various ethical and cost concerns,and in vitro cell-based assays have thus become an important topic of interest.Hence,the present study intends:(a) to evaluate the efficiency of two different sample pre-concentration techniques (lyophilisation and solid phase extraction) to assess the toxicity of municipal effluents on rat cardiomyoblast H9c2(2-1) cells,and (b) maximizing the use of the effluent sample collected,to estimate the environmental condition of the receiving environment.The gathered results demonstrate that the H9c2(2-1) sulforhodamine B-based assay is an appropriate in vitro method to assess biological effluent toxicity,and the best results were attained by lyophilising the sample as pre-treatment.Due to its response,the H9c2(2-1) cell line might be a possible alternative in vitro model for fish lethal testing to assess the toxicity of municipal effluents.The physicochemical status of the sample suggests a high potential for eutrophication,and iron exceeded the permissible level for wastewater discharge,possibly due to the addition of ferric chloride for wastewater treatment.In general,the levels of carbamazepine and sulfamethoxazole are higher than those reported for other countries,and both surpassed the aquatic protective values for long-term exposure.