Plant temperature acclimation is closely related to maintaining a positive carbon gain under future climate change.However,no systematic summary of the field has been conducted.Based on this,we analyzed data on plant ...Plant temperature acclimation is closely related to maintaining a positive carbon gain under future climate change.However,no systematic summary of the field has been conducted.Based on this,we analyzed data on plant temperature acclimation from the Web of Science Core Collection database using bibliometric software R,RStudio and VOSviewer.Our study demonstrated that a stabilized upward trajectory was noted in publications(298 papers)from 1986 to 2011,followed by a swift growth(373 papers)from 2012 to 2022.The most impactful journals were Plant Cell and Environment,boasting the greatest count of worldwide citations and articles,the highest H-index and G-index,followed by Global Change Biology and New Phytologist,and Frontiers in Plant Science which had the highest M-index.The USA and China were identified as the most influential countries,while Atkin was the most influential author,and the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most influential research institution.The most cited articles were published in the Annual Review of Plant Biology in 1999.“Cold acclimation”was the most prominent keyword.Future plant temperature acclimation research is expected to focus on thermal acclimation and photosynthesis,which have important significance for future agricultural production,forestry carbon sequestration,and global food security.In general,this study provides a systematic insight of the advancement,trend,and future of plant temperature acclimation research,enhancing the comprehension of how plants will deal with forthcoming climate change.展开更多
Phosphorus is one of the macronutrients essential for plant growth and development. Many soils around the world are deficient in phosphate (Pi) which is the form of phosphorus that plants can absorb and utilize. To ...Phosphorus is one of the macronutrients essential for plant growth and development. Many soils around the world are deficient in phosphate (Pi) which is the form of phosphorus that plants can absorb and utilize. To cope with the stress of Pi starvation, plants have evolved many elaborate strategies to enhance the acquisition and utilization of Pi from the environment. These strategies include morphological, biochemical and physiological responses which ultimately enable plants to better survive under low Pi conditions. Though these adaptive responses have been well described because of their ecological and agricultural importance, our studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying these responses are still in their infancy. In the last decade, significant progresses have been made towards the identification of the molecular components which are involved in the control of plant responses to Pi starvation. In this article, we first provide an overview of some major responses of plants to Pi starvation, then summarize what we have known so far about the signaling components involved in these responses, as well as the roles of sugar and phytohormones.展开更多
The increased prevalence of high temperatures (HTs) around the world is a major global concern, as they dramatically affect agronomic productivity. Upon HT exposure, plants sense the temperature change and initiate ...The increased prevalence of high temperatures (HTs) around the world is a major global concern, as they dramatically affect agronomic productivity. Upon HT exposure, plants sense the temperature change and initiate cellular and metabolic responses that enable them to adapt to their new environmental conditions.Decoding the mechanisms by which plants cope with HT will facilitate the development of molecular markers to enable the production of plants with improved thermotolerance. In recent decades, genetic, physiological, molecular, and biochemical studies have revealed a number of vital cellular components and processes involved in thermoresponsive growth and the acquisition of thermo- tolerance in plants. This review summarizes the major mechanisms involved in plant HT responses, with a special focus on recent discoveries related to plant thermosensing, heat stress signaling, and HT-regulated gene expression networks that promote plant adaptation to elevated environmental temperatures.展开更多
Stomata, the pores formed by a pair of guard cells, are the main gateways for water transpiration and photosynthetic CO2 exchange, as well as pathogen invasion in land plants. Guard cell movement is regulated by a com...Stomata, the pores formed by a pair of guard cells, are the main gateways for water transpiration and photosynthetic CO2 exchange, as well as pathogen invasion in land plants. Guard cell movement is regulated by a combination of environmental factors, including water status, light, CO2 levels and pathogen attack, as well as endogenous signals, such as abscisic acid and apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under abiotic and biotic stress conditions, extracellular ROS are mainly produced by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, whereas intracellular ROS are produced in multiple organelles. These ROS form a sophisticated cellular signaling network, with the accumulation of apoplastic ROS an early hallmark of stomatal movement. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the ROS signaling network, primarily during drought stress and pathogen attack. We summarize the roles of apoplastic ROS in regulating stomatal movement, ABA and CO2 signaling, and immunity responses. Finally, we discuss ROS accumulation and communication between organelles and cells. This information provides a conceptual framework for understanding how ROS signaling is integrated with various signaling pathways during plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress stimuli.展开更多
The WRKY gene family is among the largest families of transcription factors (TFs) in higher plants. By regulating the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, these TFs play critical roles in some plant processes ...The WRKY gene family is among the largest families of transcription factors (TFs) in higher plants. By regulating the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, these TFs play critical roles in some plant processes in response to biotic and abiotic stress, Various bodies of research have demonstrated the important biological functions of WRKY TFs in plant response to different kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses and working mecha- nisms. However, very li2ttle summarization has been done to review their research progress. Not iust important TFs function in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses, WRKY also participates in carbohydrate synthesis, senes- cence, development, and secondary metabolites synthesis. WRKY proteins can bind to W-box (TGACC (A/T)) in the promoter of its target genes and activate or repress the expression of downstream genes to regulate their stress response. Moreover, WRKY proteins can interact with other TFs to regulate plant defensive responses. In the present review, we focus on the structural characteristics of WRKY TFs and the research progress on their functions in plant responses to a variety of stresses.展开更多
Plants must cope with a variety of environmental stresses.Most types of abiotic stresses,such as drought,salinity,flooding,heat and cold stress,disrupt the metabolic balance of cells,resulting in the enhanced producti...Plants must cope with a variety of environmental stresses.Most types of abiotic stresses,such as drought,salinity,flooding,heat and cold stress,disrupt the metabolic balance of cells,resulting in the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).While being well-known as a toxic by-product,recent studies about ROS focus on their roles as signaling molecules.It has been reported that ROS functions in plant cell proliferation and cell expansion,root展开更多
Enrichment of copper to the culture mediumcould enhance the plant regeneration from cal-lus of indica rice variety Qiugui’ai 11. Westudied the effect of copper on plant regenera-tion of other rice varieties.Calli of ...Enrichment of copper to the culture mediumcould enhance the plant regeneration from cal-lus of indica rice variety Qiugui’ai 11. Westudied the effect of copper on plant regenera-tion of other rice varieties.Calli of 14 indica and 2 japonica varietieswere induced from disinfected mature embryoson an agar-gelled medium containing Nbasal展开更多
Citrus yellow vein clearing virus(CYVCV)is a new citrus virus that has become an important factor restricting the development of China’s citrus industry,and the CYVCV coat protein(CP)is associated with viral pathogen...Citrus yellow vein clearing virus(CYVCV)is a new citrus virus that has become an important factor restricting the development of China’s citrus industry,and the CYVCV coat protein(CP)is associated with viral pathogenicity.In this study,the Eureka lemon zinc finger protein(ZFP)ClDOF3.4 was shown to interact with CYVCV CP in vivo and in vitro.Transient expression of ClDOF3.4 in Eureka lemon induced the expression of salicylic acid(SA)-related and hypersensitive response marker genes,and triggered a reactive oxygen species burst,ion leakage necrosis,and the accumulation of free SA.Furthermore,the CYVCV titer in ClDOF3.4 transgenic Eureka lemon plants was approximately 69.4%that in control plants 6 mon after inoculation,with only mild leaf chlorotic spots observed in those transgenic plants.Taken together,the results indicate that ClDOF3.4 not only interacts with CP but also induces an immune response in Eureka lemon by inducing the SA pathways.This is the first report that ZFP is involved in the immune response of a citrus viral disease,which provides a basis for further study of the molecular mechanism of CYVCV infection.展开更多
The phytohormones are pivotal chemical messengers produced within the plant that regulate its growth and development, and responses to environmental stimuli. Drought and salinity are adverse environmental factors that...The phytohormones are pivotal chemical messengers produced within the plant that regulate its growth and development, and responses to environmental stimuli. Drought and salinity are adverse environmental factors that disturb the plant hormonal balance. Accordingly, these hormonal fluctuations modify the cellular dynamic and hence they play a central role in regulating plant growth responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. The present review gives an update about the alterations of endogenous phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (Aux), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), jasmonates (JAs), salicylic acid (SA), brassinosteroids (BRs), strigolactones (SLs) and nitric oxide (NO) that occur as part of the adaptative responses of plant against drought and salt stresses. Better understanding of the endogenous hormonal changes during the plant response to both abiotic stresses will contribute, in part, to the development of stress-tolerant plants.展开更多
Most plants demonstrate</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">wide interactive and complex adaptive morphological, biochemical<...Most plants demonstrate</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">wide interactive and complex adaptive morphological, biochemical</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and physiological responses when subjected to salinity stress. Salt stress negatively impacts agricultural yields more especially cultivated crops throughout the world. Of interest to this study is maize a salt-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sensitive crop that is widely grown worldwide, and receiving most attention due to its significant attributes and ability to serve as a great model for stress response studies. We exposed QN701 maize cultivar, to</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">simulated salinity stress and investigated its morphological and physiological responses. Salinity negatively induced various morphological responses such as the reduction in plant height, number of leaves, shoot and root (length and biomass)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and leaf width;however, it significantly increased the leaf area. On the physiological aspect, salt stress decreased the number of stomata, stomatal density</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and photosynthesis, while it increased the respiration rate. This study expanded our knowledge o</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">f</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the morphological and physiological responses of maize to salinity stress. Additionally, these findings may serve as a recommendation for salinity breeding programs in maize and related cereal crops.展开更多
Phospholipids, including phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphoinositides, have emerged as an importan...Phospholipids, including phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphoinositides, have emerged as an important class of cellular messenger molecules in various cellular and physiological processes, of which PA attracts much attention of researchers. In addition to its effect on stimulating vesicle trafficking, many studies have demonstrated that PA plays a crucial role in various signaling pathways by binding target proteins and regulating their activity and subcellular localization. Here, we summarize the functional mechanisms and target proteins underlying PA-mediated regulation of cellular signaling, development, hormonal responses, and stress responses in plants.展开更多
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor(TRAF)proteins are conserved in higher eukaryotes and play key roles in transducing cellular signals across different organelles.They are characterized by their C-termin...Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor(TRAF)proteins are conserved in higher eukaryotes and play key roles in transducing cellular signals across different organelles.They are characterized by their C-terminal region(TRAF-C domain)containing seven to eight antiparallelβ-sheets,also known as the meprin and TRAF-C homology(MATH)domain.Over the past few decades,significant progress has been made toward understanding the diverse roles of TRAF proteins in mammals and plants.Compared to other eukaryotic species,the Arabidopsis thaliana and rice(Oryza sativa)genomes encode many more TRAF/MATH domaincontaining proteins;these plant proteins cluster into five classes:TRAF/MATH-only,MATH-BPM,MATH-UBP(ubiquitin protease),Seven in absentia(SINA),and MATH-Filament and MATHPEARLI-4 proteins,suggesting parallel evolution of TRAF proteins in plants.Increasing evidence now indicates that plant TRAF proteins form central signaling networks essential for multiple biological processes,such as vegetative and reproductive development,autophagosome formation,plant immunity,symbiosis,phytohormone signaling,and abiotic stress responses.Here,we summarize recent advances and highlight future prospects for understanding on the molecular mechanisms by which TRAF proteins act in plant development and stress responses.展开更多
As the name reflects, integrative plant biology is the core topic of JIPB. In the past few years JIPB has been pursuing the development of this area, to assist the scientific community to bring together all possible r...As the name reflects, integrative plant biology is the core topic of JIPB. In the past few years JIPB has been pursuing the development of this area, to assist the scientific community to bring together all possible research tools to understand plant growth, development and stress responses in micro- and macro-scales. As part of these efforts, JIPB and Yantai University organized the 1st International Symposium on Integrative Plant Biology in the seaside town of Yantai during August 10-12, 2009 (Figure 1) The symposium was co-sponsored by Botanical Society of China, Chinese Society for Cell Biology, Genetics Society of China, and Chinese Society for Plant Physiology.展开更多
Lyantria dispar larvae were fed with the leaves of Populus deltoids seedlings exposed to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) for 24 h. The growth and development of the larvae were investigated, and phenolics contents in treate...Lyantria dispar larvae were fed with the leaves of Populus deltoids seedlings exposed to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) for 24 h. The growth and development of the larvae were investigated, and phenolics contents in treated leaves including pyrocatechol, caffeic acid, coumarin, fernlic acid and benzoic acid were also surveyed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results indicated that approximate digestibility, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, efficiency of conversion of digested food, and weight of the larvae were inhibited obviously, especially from the sixth day, which may result from the increase of total phenolics contents in treated leaves. This result provides strong supports for MeJA acting as the airborne signal molecule between woody plants.展开更多
The evolution of active stomatal closure in response to leaf water deficit, mediated by the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), has been the subject of recent debate. Two different models for the timing of the evolution of...The evolution of active stomatal closure in response to leaf water deficit, mediated by the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), has been the subject of recent debate. Two different models for the timing of the evolution of this response recur in the literature. A single-step model for stomatal control suggests that stomata evolved active, ABA- mediated control of stomatal aperture, when these structures first appeared, prior bryophyte and vascular plant gradualistic model for stomatal to the divergence of neages. In contrast, a control proposes that the most basal vascular plant stomata responded passively to changes in leaf water status. This model suggests that active ABA-driven mechanisms for stomatal responses to water status instead evolved after the divergence of seed plants, culminating in the complex, ABA-mediated responses observed in modern angiosperms. Here we review the findings that form the basis for these two models, including recent work that provides critical molecular insights into resolving this intriguing debate, and find strong evidence to support a gradualistic model for stomatal evolution.展开更多
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is a drought-tolerant millet crop of arid and semi-arid regions. Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are significant part of plant defence mechanism, having an ability to confer multiple st...Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is a drought-tolerant millet crop of arid and semi-arid regions. Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are significant part of plant defence mechanism, having an ability to confer multiple stress tolerance. In this study, AKR1 gene expression was studied in roots and leaves of foxtail millet subjected to different regimes of PEG- and NaCl-stress for seven days. The quantitative Real-time PCR expression analysis in both root and leaves showed upregulation of AKR1 gene during PEG and salt stress. A close correlation exits between expression of AKR1 gene and the rate of lipid peroxidation along with the retardation of growth. Tissue-specific differences were found in the AKR1 gene expression to the stress intensities studied. The reduction in root and shoot growth under both stress conditions were dependent on stress severity. The level of lipid peroxidation as indicated by MDA formation was significantly increased in roots and leaves along with increased stress levels. Finally, these findings support the early responsive nature of AKR1 gene and seem to be associated at least in part with its ability to contribute in antioxidant defence related pathways which could provide a better protection against oxidative stress under stress conditions.展开更多
Investigating the relationships between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors provide management insights into factors affecting the growth and establishment of plant species and vegetation communities in saline area...Investigating the relationships between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors provide management insights into factors affecting the growth and establishment of plant species and vegetation communities in saline areas.The aim of this study was to assess the spatial variability of various vegetation communities in relation to edaphic factors in the Great Salt Desert,central Iran.Fifteen vegetation communities were identified using the physiognomy-floristic method.Coverage and density of vegetation communities were determined using the transect plot method.Forty soil samples were collected from major horizons of fifteen profiles in vegetation communities,and analyzed in terms of following soil physical and chemical characteristics:soil texture,soluble Na+concentration,sodium adsorption ratio(SAR),electrical conductivity(EC),pH,organic matter content,soluble Mg2+and Ca2+concentrations,carbonate and gypsum contents,and spontaneously-and mechanically-dispersible clay contents.Redundancy analysis was used to investigate the relationships between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors.The generalized linear method(GLM)was used to find the plant species response curves against edaphic factors.Results showed that plant species responded differently to edaphic factors,in which soluble sodium concentration,EC,SAR,gypsum content and soil texture were identified as the most discriminative edaphic factors.The studied plant species were also found to have different ecological requirements and tolerance to edaphic factors,in which Tamarix aphylla and Halocnemum strobilaceum were identified as the most salt-resistant species in the region.Furthermore,the presence of Artemisia sieberi was highly related to soil sand and gypsum contents.The results implied that exploring the plant species response curves against edaphic factors can assist managers to lay out more appropriate restoration plans in similar arid areas.展开更多
Phlomis purpurea L.grows spontaneously in dry and stony habitats from the south of Iberian Peninsula and in cork oak(Quercus suber L.)and holm oak(Q.ilex ssp.rotundifolia,Lam.)plantations infested with Phytophthora ci...Phlomis purpurea L.grows spontaneously in dry and stony habitats from the south of Iberian Peninsula and in cork oak(Quercus suber L.)and holm oak(Q.ilex ssp.rotundifolia,Lam.)plantations infested with Phytophthora cinnamomi(Rands).The aim of this study is to understand the genetic basis of P.purpurea innate immunity to this pathogen.The transcriptome analysis of P.purpurea upon challenging with P.cinnamomi revealed a set of up-regulated genes,related to signaling,transcription factors and response to stress.Transcripts involved in the synthesis of a number of proteins,namely:ANKYRIN,AP2,AQUAPORIN,ARMADILLO,At1G69870-LIKE,BHLH,BON1,CALMODULIN,CALNEXIN,CALRETICULINE,CC-NBS-LRR,CHAPERONE,CYTOCHROME,DUF,GH3,GMP,G-TYPE,LIPOXYGENASE,MLO-LIKE,MYB,NAC,NBS-LRR,PENTATRICOPEPTIDE,SUBTILISIN,WAK,bZIP and hormones such as BRASSINOSTEROID,JASMONATE,SALICYLATE,ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE were identified.P.purpurea ability to cope with P.cinnamomi attack is based on the expression of a set of transcription factors and signaling molecules targeted by the pathogen.The information gathered contributes to the elucidation of the overall response of P.purpurea to P.cinnamomi attempted infection which can be helpful for improving woody species resistance to pathogenic oomycetes.展开更多
Plant defense responses involve several biological processes that allow plants to fight against pathogenic attacks.How these different processes are orchestrated within organs and depend on specific cell types is poor...Plant defense responses involve several biological processes that allow plants to fight against pathogenic attacks.How these different processes are orchestrated within organs and depend on specific cell types is poorly known.Here,using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology on three independent biological replicates,we identified several cell populations representing the core transcriptional responses of wild-type Arabidopsis leaves inoculated with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae DC3000.Among these populations,we retrieved major cell types of the leaves(mesophyll,guard,epidermal,companion,and vascular S cells)with which we could associate characteristic transcriptional reprogramming and regulators,thereby specifying different cell-type responses to the pathogen.Further analyses of transcriptional dynamics,on the basis of inference of cell trajectories,indicated that the different cell types,in addition to their characteristic defense responses,can also share similar modules of gene reprogramming,uncovering a ubiquitous antagonism between immune and susceptible processes.Moreover,it appears that the defense responses of vascular S cells,epidermal cells,and mesophyll cells can evolve along two separate paths,one converging toward an identical cell fate,characterized mostly by lignification and detoxification functions.As this divergence does not correspond to the differentiation between immune and susceptible cells,we speculate that this might reflect the discrimination between cellautonomous and non-cell-autonomous responses.Altogether our data provide an upgraded framework to describe,explore,and explain the specialization and the coordination of plant cell responses upon pathogenic challenge.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Talent Funding of Guizhou University(202132)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guizhou Province(ZK[2022]YIBAN274).
文摘Plant temperature acclimation is closely related to maintaining a positive carbon gain under future climate change.However,no systematic summary of the field has been conducted.Based on this,we analyzed data on plant temperature acclimation from the Web of Science Core Collection database using bibliometric software R,RStudio and VOSviewer.Our study demonstrated that a stabilized upward trajectory was noted in publications(298 papers)from 1986 to 2011,followed by a swift growth(373 papers)from 2012 to 2022.The most impactful journals were Plant Cell and Environment,boasting the greatest count of worldwide citations and articles,the highest H-index and G-index,followed by Global Change Biology and New Phytologist,and Frontiers in Plant Science which had the highest M-index.The USA and China were identified as the most influential countries,while Atkin was the most influential author,and the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most influential research institution.The most cited articles were published in the Annual Review of Plant Biology in 1999.“Cold acclimation”was the most prominent keyword.Future plant temperature acclimation research is expected to focus on thermal acclimation and photosynthesis,which have important significance for future agricultural production,forestry carbon sequestration,and global food security.In general,this study provides a systematic insight of the advancement,trend,and future of plant temperature acclimation research,enhancing the comprehension of how plants will deal with forthcoming climate change.
文摘Phosphorus is one of the macronutrients essential for plant growth and development. Many soils around the world are deficient in phosphate (Pi) which is the form of phosphorus that plants can absorb and utilize. To cope with the stress of Pi starvation, plants have evolved many elaborate strategies to enhance the acquisition and utilization of Pi from the environment. These strategies include morphological, biochemical and physiological responses which ultimately enable plants to better survive under low Pi conditions. Though these adaptive responses have been well described because of their ecological and agricultural importance, our studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying these responses are still in their infancy. In the last decade, significant progresses have been made towards the identification of the molecular components which are involved in the control of plant responses to Pi starvation. In this article, we first provide an overview of some major responses of plants to Pi starvation, then summarize what we have known so far about the signaling components involved in these responses, as well as the roles of sugar and phytohormones.
基金supported,in part,by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670265)the Science and Technology Department of Hebei Province(15966306D)
文摘The increased prevalence of high temperatures (HTs) around the world is a major global concern, as they dramatically affect agronomic productivity. Upon HT exposure, plants sense the temperature change and initiate cellular and metabolic responses that enable them to adapt to their new environmental conditions.Decoding the mechanisms by which plants cope with HT will facilitate the development of molecular markers to enable the production of plants with improved thermotolerance. In recent decades, genetic, physiological, molecular, and biochemical studies have revealed a number of vital cellular components and processes involved in thermoresponsive growth and the acquisition of thermo- tolerance in plants. This review summarizes the major mechanisms involved in plant HT responses, with a special focus on recent discoveries related to plant thermosensing, heat stress signaling, and HT-regulated gene expression networks that promote plant adaptation to elevated environmental temperatures.
基金supported by the National Key Scientific Research Project(2011CB915400)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730007)
文摘Stomata, the pores formed by a pair of guard cells, are the main gateways for water transpiration and photosynthetic CO2 exchange, as well as pathogen invasion in land plants. Guard cell movement is regulated by a combination of environmental factors, including water status, light, CO2 levels and pathogen attack, as well as endogenous signals, such as abscisic acid and apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under abiotic and biotic stress conditions, extracellular ROS are mainly produced by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, whereas intracellular ROS are produced in multiple organelles. These ROS form a sophisticated cellular signaling network, with the accumulation of apoplastic ROS an early hallmark of stomatal movement. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the ROS signaling network, primarily during drought stress and pathogen attack. We summarize the roles of apoplastic ROS in regulating stomatal movement, ABA and CO2 signaling, and immunity responses. Finally, we discuss ROS accumulation and communication between organelles and cells. This information provides a conceptual framework for understanding how ROS signaling is integrated with various signaling pathways during plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress stimuli.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31301790)Guangdong Natural Science Foundation (S2013040016220)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M530375,2014T70827)Shenzhen Vegetable Molecular Biotechnological Engineering Lab Scheme (Development and Reform Commission of Shenzhen Municipal Government)
文摘The WRKY gene family is among the largest families of transcription factors (TFs) in higher plants. By regulating the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, these TFs play critical roles in some plant processes in response to biotic and abiotic stress, Various bodies of research have demonstrated the important biological functions of WRKY TFs in plant response to different kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses and working mecha- nisms. However, very li2ttle summarization has been done to review their research progress. Not iust important TFs function in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses, WRKY also participates in carbohydrate synthesis, senes- cence, development, and secondary metabolites synthesis. WRKY proteins can bind to W-box (TGACC (A/T)) in the promoter of its target genes and activate or repress the expression of downstream genes to regulate their stress response. Moreover, WRKY proteins can interact with other TFs to regulate plant defensive responses. In the present review, we focus on the structural characteristics of WRKY TFs and the research progress on their functions in plant responses to a variety of stresses.
文摘Plants must cope with a variety of environmental stresses.Most types of abiotic stresses,such as drought,salinity,flooding,heat and cold stress,disrupt the metabolic balance of cells,resulting in the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).While being well-known as a toxic by-product,recent studies about ROS focus on their roles as signaling molecules.It has been reported that ROS functions in plant cell proliferation and cell expansion,root
文摘Enrichment of copper to the culture mediumcould enhance the plant regeneration from cal-lus of indica rice variety Qiugui’ai 11. Westudied the effect of copper on plant regenera-tion of other rice varieties.Calli of 14 indica and 2 japonica varietieswere induced from disinfected mature embryoson an agar-gelled medium containing Nbasal
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS26-05B)the Innovation Research 2035 Pilot Plan of Southwest University,China(SWU-XDPY22002)+1 种基金the Guangxi Science and Technology Planed Project,China(Gui Ke AD23026090)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation,China(2023GXNSFBA026285).
文摘Citrus yellow vein clearing virus(CYVCV)is a new citrus virus that has become an important factor restricting the development of China’s citrus industry,and the CYVCV coat protein(CP)is associated with viral pathogenicity.In this study,the Eureka lemon zinc finger protein(ZFP)ClDOF3.4 was shown to interact with CYVCV CP in vivo and in vitro.Transient expression of ClDOF3.4 in Eureka lemon induced the expression of salicylic acid(SA)-related and hypersensitive response marker genes,and triggered a reactive oxygen species burst,ion leakage necrosis,and the accumulation of free SA.Furthermore,the CYVCV titer in ClDOF3.4 transgenic Eureka lemon plants was approximately 69.4%that in control plants 6 mon after inoculation,with only mild leaf chlorotic spots observed in those transgenic plants.Taken together,the results indicate that ClDOF3.4 not only interacts with CP but also induces an immune response in Eureka lemon by inducing the SA pathways.This is the first report that ZFP is involved in the immune response of a citrus viral disease,which provides a basis for further study of the molecular mechanism of CYVCV infection.
文摘The phytohormones are pivotal chemical messengers produced within the plant that regulate its growth and development, and responses to environmental stimuli. Drought and salinity are adverse environmental factors that disturb the plant hormonal balance. Accordingly, these hormonal fluctuations modify the cellular dynamic and hence they play a central role in regulating plant growth responses to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. The present review gives an update about the alterations of endogenous phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (Aux), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), jasmonates (JAs), salicylic acid (SA), brassinosteroids (BRs), strigolactones (SLs) and nitric oxide (NO) that occur as part of the adaptative responses of plant against drought and salt stresses. Better understanding of the endogenous hormonal changes during the plant response to both abiotic stresses will contribute, in part, to the development of stress-tolerant plants.
文摘Most plants demonstrate</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">wide interactive and complex adaptive morphological, biochemical</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and physiological responses when subjected to salinity stress. Salt stress negatively impacts agricultural yields more especially cultivated crops throughout the world. Of interest to this study is maize a salt-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sensitive crop that is widely grown worldwide, and receiving most attention due to its significant attributes and ability to serve as a great model for stress response studies. We exposed QN701 maize cultivar, to</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">simulated salinity stress and investigated its morphological and physiological responses. Salinity negatively induced various morphological responses such as the reduction in plant height, number of leaves, shoot and root (length and biomass)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and leaf width;however, it significantly increased the leaf area. On the physiological aspect, salt stress decreased the number of stomata, stomatal density</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and photosynthesis, while it increased the respiration rate. This study expanded our knowledge o</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">f</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the morphological and physiological responses of maize to salinity stress. Additionally, these findings may serve as a recommendation for salinity breeding programs in maize and related cereal crops.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31721001 and 31400261)the“Ten Thousand Talent Program”Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology,Henan Province
文摘Phospholipids, including phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PC), phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphoinositides, have emerged as an important class of cellular messenger molecules in various cellular and physiological processes, of which PA attracts much attention of researchers. In addition to its effect on stimulating vesicle trafficking, many studies have demonstrated that PA plays a crucial role in various signaling pathways by binding target proteins and regulating their activity and subcellular localization. Here, we summarize the functional mechanisms and target proteins underlying PA-mediated regulation of cellular signaling, development, hormonal responses, and stress responses in plants.
基金supported by the Key Realm R&D Program of Guangdong Province(Project 2020B0202090001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(projects 31725004 and 31800217)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Project 2018A030313210)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Project 2021M693667)。
文摘Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor(TRAF)proteins are conserved in higher eukaryotes and play key roles in transducing cellular signals across different organelles.They are characterized by their C-terminal region(TRAF-C domain)containing seven to eight antiparallelβ-sheets,also known as the meprin and TRAF-C homology(MATH)domain.Over the past few decades,significant progress has been made toward understanding the diverse roles of TRAF proteins in mammals and plants.Compared to other eukaryotic species,the Arabidopsis thaliana and rice(Oryza sativa)genomes encode many more TRAF/MATH domaincontaining proteins;these plant proteins cluster into five classes:TRAF/MATH-only,MATH-BPM,MATH-UBP(ubiquitin protease),Seven in absentia(SINA),and MATH-Filament and MATHPEARLI-4 proteins,suggesting parallel evolution of TRAF proteins in plants.Increasing evidence now indicates that plant TRAF proteins form central signaling networks essential for multiple biological processes,such as vegetative and reproductive development,autophagosome formation,plant immunity,symbiosis,phytohormone signaling,and abiotic stress responses.Here,we summarize recent advances and highlight future prospects for understanding on the molecular mechanisms by which TRAF proteins act in plant development and stress responses.
文摘As the name reflects, integrative plant biology is the core topic of JIPB. In the past few years JIPB has been pursuing the development of this area, to assist the scientific community to bring together all possible research tools to understand plant growth, development and stress responses in micro- and macro-scales. As part of these efforts, JIPB and Yantai University organized the 1st International Symposium on Integrative Plant Biology in the seaside town of Yantai during August 10-12, 2009 (Figure 1) The symposium was co-sponsored by Botanical Society of China, Chinese Society for Cell Biology, Genetics Society of China, and Chinese Society for Plant Physiology.
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30170764)
文摘Lyantria dispar larvae were fed with the leaves of Populus deltoids seedlings exposed to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) for 24 h. The growth and development of the larvae were investigated, and phenolics contents in treated leaves including pyrocatechol, caffeic acid, coumarin, fernlic acid and benzoic acid were also surveyed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results indicated that approximate digestibility, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, efficiency of conversion of digested food, and weight of the larvae were inhibited obviously, especially from the sixth day, which may result from the increase of total phenolics contents in treated leaves. This result provides strong supports for MeJA acting as the airborne signal molecule between woody plants.
基金funded by the Australian Research Council grants DE140100946(SM)and DP140100666(TB)
文摘The evolution of active stomatal closure in response to leaf water deficit, mediated by the hormone abscisic acid (ABA), has been the subject of recent debate. Two different models for the timing of the evolution of this response recur in the literature. A single-step model for stomatal control suggests that stomata evolved active, ABA- mediated control of stomatal aperture, when these structures first appeared, prior bryophyte and vascular plant gradualistic model for stomatal to the divergence of neages. In contrast, a control proposes that the most basal vascular plant stomata responded passively to changes in leaf water status. This model suggests that active ABA-driven mechanisms for stomatal responses to water status instead evolved after the divergence of seed plants, culminating in the complex, ABA-mediated responses observed in modern angiosperms. Here we review the findings that form the basis for these two models, including recent work that provides critical molecular insights into resolving this intriguing debate, and find strong evidence to support a gradualistic model for stomatal evolution.
文摘Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is a drought-tolerant millet crop of arid and semi-arid regions. Aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are significant part of plant defence mechanism, having an ability to confer multiple stress tolerance. In this study, AKR1 gene expression was studied in roots and leaves of foxtail millet subjected to different regimes of PEG- and NaCl-stress for seven days. The quantitative Real-time PCR expression analysis in both root and leaves showed upregulation of AKR1 gene during PEG and salt stress. A close correlation exits between expression of AKR1 gene and the rate of lipid peroxidation along with the retardation of growth. Tissue-specific differences were found in the AKR1 gene expression to the stress intensities studied. The reduction in root and shoot growth under both stress conditions were dependent on stress severity. The level of lipid peroxidation as indicated by MDA formation was significantly increased in roots and leaves along with increased stress levels. Finally, these findings support the early responsive nature of AKR1 gene and seem to be associated at least in part with its ability to contribute in antioxidant defence related pathways which could provide a better protection against oxidative stress under stress conditions.
文摘Investigating the relationships between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors provide management insights into factors affecting the growth and establishment of plant species and vegetation communities in saline areas.The aim of this study was to assess the spatial variability of various vegetation communities in relation to edaphic factors in the Great Salt Desert,central Iran.Fifteen vegetation communities were identified using the physiognomy-floristic method.Coverage and density of vegetation communities were determined using the transect plot method.Forty soil samples were collected from major horizons of fifteen profiles in vegetation communities,and analyzed in terms of following soil physical and chemical characteristics:soil texture,soluble Na+concentration,sodium adsorption ratio(SAR),electrical conductivity(EC),pH,organic matter content,soluble Mg2+and Ca2+concentrations,carbonate and gypsum contents,and spontaneously-and mechanically-dispersible clay contents.Redundancy analysis was used to investigate the relationships between vegetation dynamic and edaphic factors.The generalized linear method(GLM)was used to find the plant species response curves against edaphic factors.Results showed that plant species responded differently to edaphic factors,in which soluble sodium concentration,EC,SAR,gypsum content and soil texture were identified as the most discriminative edaphic factors.The studied plant species were also found to have different ecological requirements and tolerance to edaphic factors,in which Tamarix aphylla and Halocnemum strobilaceum were identified as the most salt-resistant species in the region.Furthermore,the presence of Artemisia sieberi was highly related to soil sand and gypsum contents.The results implied that exploring the plant species response curves against edaphic factors can assist managers to lay out more appropriate restoration plans in similar arid areas.
文摘Phlomis purpurea L.grows spontaneously in dry and stony habitats from the south of Iberian Peninsula and in cork oak(Quercus suber L.)and holm oak(Q.ilex ssp.rotundifolia,Lam.)plantations infested with Phytophthora cinnamomi(Rands).The aim of this study is to understand the genetic basis of P.purpurea innate immunity to this pathogen.The transcriptome analysis of P.purpurea upon challenging with P.cinnamomi revealed a set of up-regulated genes,related to signaling,transcription factors and response to stress.Transcripts involved in the synthesis of a number of proteins,namely:ANKYRIN,AP2,AQUAPORIN,ARMADILLO,At1G69870-LIKE,BHLH,BON1,CALMODULIN,CALNEXIN,CALRETICULINE,CC-NBS-LRR,CHAPERONE,CYTOCHROME,DUF,GH3,GMP,G-TYPE,LIPOXYGENASE,MLO-LIKE,MYB,NAC,NBS-LRR,PENTATRICOPEPTIDE,SUBTILISIN,WAK,bZIP and hormones such as BRASSINOSTEROID,JASMONATE,SALICYLATE,ETHYLENE-RESPONSIVE were identified.P.purpurea ability to cope with P.cinnamomi attack is based on the expression of a set of transcription factors and signaling molecules targeted by the pathogen.The information gathered contributes to the elucidation of the overall response of P.purpurea to P.cinnamomi attempted infection which can be helpful for improving woody species resistance to pathogenic oomycetes.
基金supported by INRAE funding(SCANNER project,BAP Department)the support of Saclay Plant Sciences-SPS(ANR-17-EUR-0007).
文摘Plant defense responses involve several biological processes that allow plants to fight against pathogenic attacks.How these different processes are orchestrated within organs and depend on specific cell types is poorly known.Here,using single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology on three independent biological replicates,we identified several cell populations representing the core transcriptional responses of wild-type Arabidopsis leaves inoculated with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae DC3000.Among these populations,we retrieved major cell types of the leaves(mesophyll,guard,epidermal,companion,and vascular S cells)with which we could associate characteristic transcriptional reprogramming and regulators,thereby specifying different cell-type responses to the pathogen.Further analyses of transcriptional dynamics,on the basis of inference of cell trajectories,indicated that the different cell types,in addition to their characteristic defense responses,can also share similar modules of gene reprogramming,uncovering a ubiquitous antagonism between immune and susceptible processes.Moreover,it appears that the defense responses of vascular S cells,epidermal cells,and mesophyll cells can evolve along two separate paths,one converging toward an identical cell fate,characterized mostly by lignification and detoxification functions.As this divergence does not correspond to the differentiation between immune and susceptible cells,we speculate that this might reflect the discrimination between cellautonomous and non-cell-autonomous responses.Altogether our data provide an upgraded framework to describe,explore,and explain the specialization and the coordination of plant cell responses upon pathogenic challenge.