Based on the basic principles of rain garden infrastructure, optimal species for rain facilities such as vegetated buffer strip, vegetated shallow groove, artificial wetland were selected, characteristics, configurati...Based on the basic principles of rain garden infrastructure, optimal species for rain facilities such as vegetated buffer strip, vegetated shallow groove, artificial wetland were selected, characteristics, configuration principles and methods were summarized.展开更多
With the acceleration of urbanization in various places,the landscaping in various provinces and cities has been developed to varying degrees.Therefore,further standardizing the principles of urban greening landscape ...With the acceleration of urbanization in various places,the landscaping in various provinces and cities has been developed to varying degrees.Therefore,further standardizing the principles of urban greening landscape design plays an important role in rationally preparing urban landscaping and highlighting urban characteristics and regional cultural characteristics.From the perspective of the locations of gardens,occupiers identities,the development mode,the design principle and the arrangement of flowers,this paper classified and expounded the key points of contemporary landscaping,aiming to provide reference for the subsequent construction of landscaping and plant arrangement according to local conditions.展开更多
The current urban green space construction was guided by a two-dimensional index evaluation system, resulting in weak ecological benefits of green space. Green plot ratio (GPR), as a three-dimensional indicator, can c...The current urban green space construction was guided by a two-dimensional index evaluation system, resulting in weak ecological benefits of green space. Green plot ratio (GPR), as a three-dimensional indicator, can characterize the ecological benefits of green areas and the ability of green areas to participate in the operation and regulation of urban ecosystems. As an important component of urban green space, the GPR index was added to the two-dimensional index evaluation system to optimize the green space, which can promote the development of low-carbon, healthy and ecological green space. Based on the research of 22 residential districts in the central city of Chongqing, the Leaf area index (LAI) index of common native garden plants in Chongqing was formed to improve the accuracy of green capacity index measurement in Chongqing. The study also took the residential community of Sunrise City in Banan District of Chongqing as an example, and carried out the optimization design practice from four types of residential community green areas: green areas next to houses, road green areas, concentrated green areas, and green areas attached to public service facilities.展开更多
Firstly,the advantages and disadvantages of constructed wetlands for treating rural domestic sewage are introduced.Secondly,the types of constructed wetland plants are introduced.Thirdly,the suitability of using medic...Firstly,the advantages and disadvantages of constructed wetlands for treating rural domestic sewage are introduced.Secondly,the types of constructed wetland plants are introduced.Thirdly,the suitability of using medicinal wetland plants to treat rural domestic sewage is analyzed.Fourthly,the principles of selecting wetland plants with medicinal value are studied.Finally,commonly used constructed wetland plants and their medicinal value are introduced.展开更多
Plant type and grain quality are two major aspects in rice breeding. Using canonical correlation analysis and canonical redundancy analysis, the relationship between plant type traits and rice grain quality traits was...Plant type and grain quality are two major aspects in rice breeding. Using canonical correlation analysis and canonical redundancy analysis, the relationship between plant type traits and rice grain quality traits was studied with 100 crosses derived from 10 sterile lines × 10 restorer lines. There was a complex relationship between parts of the traits of the two aspects. The angle of the 2nd leaf from the top and single panicle weight played important roles in plant type system and amylose content and grain length in grain quality system. The angle of the 2nd leaf from the top, plant height and single panicle weight had a great effect on grain quality traits, and amylose content, brown rice rate and translucency were easily influenced by plant type traits. Selection index model indicated that japonica hybrid rice in Northern China with good quality was characterized by broad flag leaf and 2nd leaf from the top, narrow and short 3rd leaf from the top, low plant height, short culm, long and more panicles and low single panicle weight.展开更多
The 'double T-DNA' binary vector p13HSR which harbored two independent T-DNAs, containing hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpf) in one T-DNA region and three target genes (hLF, SB401, RZ10) in another T-DNA r...The 'double T-DNA' binary vector p13HSR which harbored two independent T-DNAs, containing hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpf) in one T-DNA region and three target genes (hLF, SB401, RZ10) in another T-DNA region, was used to generate selectable marker-free transgenic rice by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The regenerated plants with both the three target genes and the selectable marker gene hpt were selected for anther culture. RT-PCR analysis indicated that target genes were inserted in rice genomic DNA and successfully transcribed. It took only one year to obtain double haploid selectable marker-free transgenic plants containing the three target genes with co-transformation followed by anther culture technique, and the efficiency was 12.2%. It was also noted that one or two target genes derived from the binary vector were lost in some transgenic rice plants.展开更多
Genetic transformation is an important technique for functional genomics study and genetic improvement of plants. Until now, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods using cotyledon as explants has been the major...Genetic transformation is an important technique for functional genomics study and genetic improvement of plants. Until now, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods using cotyledon as explants has been the major approach for cucumber, and its frequency has been up to 23%. For example, significantly enhancement of the transformation efficiency of this plant species was achieved from the cotyledon explants of the cultivar Poinsett 76 infected by Agrobacterium strains EHA105 with efficient positive selection system in lots of experiments. This review is to summarize some key factors influencing cucumber regeneration and genetic transformation, including target genes, selection systems and the ways of transgene introduction, and then to put forward some strategies for the increasing of cucumber transformation efficiency. In the future, it is high possible for cucumber to be potential bioreactor to produce vaccine and biomaterials for human beings.展开更多
Rxol cloned from maize is a non-host gene resistant to bacterial leaf streak of rice. pCAMBIA1305-1 with Rxo1 was digested with Sca I and NgoM IV and the double right-border binary vector pMNDRBBin6 was digested with ...Rxol cloned from maize is a non-host gene resistant to bacterial leaf streak of rice. pCAMBIA1305-1 with Rxo1 was digested with Sca I and NgoM IV and the double right-border binary vector pMNDRBBin6 was digested with Hpa I and Xma I. pMNDRBBin6 carrying the gene Rxo1 was acquired by ligation of blunt-end and cohesive end. The results of PCR, restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing indicated that the Rxo1 gene had been cloned into pMNDRBBin6. This double right-border binary vector, named as pMNDRBBin6-Rxol, will play a role in breeding marker-free plants resistant to bacterial leaf streak of rice by genetic transformation.展开更多
High diversity of species in agroforestry homegardens play main agro-ecological</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> roles in complex and sustainable land ...High diversity of species in agroforestry homegardens play main agro-ecological</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> roles in complex and sustainable land use systems. Efforts are being made in <span>valuing and protecting the age-old practices of agroforestry on scientific basis in homegardens. This study attempted to analyse the scientific basis of households’ practices and </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">to </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">develop strategies for the promotion of sustainable agroforestry homegardens in Matara district of Sri Lanka. Selected </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">households were interviewed measuring their concern using </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">5-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">point Likert scale, and analysed the qualitative data using non-parametric statistics. The study revealed that scientific basis of household practices in agroforestry homegardens are moderate in selection of appropriate trees and plants, and management of trees <span>and plant health care. Households pay little concern on scientific basis in planning</span> and site placement, land preparation and establishment of trees/crops, and implementing proper cultural practices. There is no significant correlation between scientific basis of practices in agroforestry in relation with size of homegardens, educational level of households, and across the category of their occupations. Resources to use scientific knowledge in practice, and opportunity to improve scientific skills have moderate correlation significantly while availability of scientific information and access to scientific knowledge have significant but low correlation as applying knowledge on scientific basis. The interest to acquire scientific knowledge, and sufficient time to improve scientific knowledge, and other reasons have no significant correlation with scientific basis of household practices. Carefully planned interventions including policy adjustments and effective extension programs for learning and experimenting together with supportive programs would enhance scientific basis of household practices for agroforestry in homegardens.展开更多
High yield in rice mainly depends on large grain weight, ideal plant architecture and proper flowering time adapting to various geographic regions. To help achieve higher yield, phenotype variations of heading date(H...High yield in rice mainly depends on large grain weight, ideal plant architecture and proper flowering time adapting to various geographic regions. To help achieve higher yield, phenotype variations of heading date(HD), plant architecture and grain shape in a panel of 416 rice accessions were investigated in this study. A total of 143 markers including 100 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers and 43 gene-tagged markers were employed in association mapping to detect quantitative trait loci(QTL) responsible for these variations. Among the 7 subpopulations, POP5 in japonica group showed the largest values of HD and grain width(GW), but the smallest values of grain length(GL) and grain length to width ratio(GLW). Among the six indica groups, POP7 had the largest values of HD, GL, GLW, and 1 000-grain weight(TGW). A total of 27 QTLs were detected underlying these phenotypic variations in single year, while 12 of them could be detected in 2006 and 2007. GS3 marker was closely associated with GL, GW and GLW, and widely distributed in different groups. The starch synthesis related gene markers, SSI, SSIIa, SBE1, AGPL4, and ISA1, were linked to plant height(PH), panicle length(PL), flag leaf length(FLL), GW, and GLW. The SSR markers, RM267, RM340 and RM346, were linked to at least two traits. Therefore, these new markers will probably be used to improve rice grain yield or plant architecture when performing marker-assisted selection of proper alleles.展开更多
基金Sponsored by 2015 Undergraduates Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(201511838074)
文摘Based on the basic principles of rain garden infrastructure, optimal species for rain facilities such as vegetated buffer strip, vegetated shallow groove, artificial wetland were selected, characteristics, configuration principles and methods were summarized.
文摘With the acceleration of urbanization in various places,the landscaping in various provinces and cities has been developed to varying degrees.Therefore,further standardizing the principles of urban greening landscape design plays an important role in rationally preparing urban landscaping and highlighting urban characteristics and regional cultural characteristics.From the perspective of the locations of gardens,occupiers identities,the development mode,the design principle and the arrangement of flowers,this paper classified and expounded the key points of contemporary landscaping,aiming to provide reference for the subsequent construction of landscaping and plant arrangement according to local conditions.
文摘The current urban green space construction was guided by a two-dimensional index evaluation system, resulting in weak ecological benefits of green space. Green plot ratio (GPR), as a three-dimensional indicator, can characterize the ecological benefits of green areas and the ability of green areas to participate in the operation and regulation of urban ecosystems. As an important component of urban green space, the GPR index was added to the two-dimensional index evaluation system to optimize the green space, which can promote the development of low-carbon, healthy and ecological green space. Based on the research of 22 residential districts in the central city of Chongqing, the Leaf area index (LAI) index of common native garden plants in Chongqing was formed to improve the accuracy of green capacity index measurement in Chongqing. The study also took the residential community of Sunrise City in Banan District of Chongqing as an example, and carried out the optimization design practice from four types of residential community green areas: green areas next to houses, road green areas, concentrated green areas, and green areas attached to public service facilities.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(41263006)Science and Technology Support Project of Guizhou Province(Qiankehe Support[2020]No.4Y017).
文摘Firstly,the advantages and disadvantages of constructed wetlands for treating rural domestic sewage are introduced.Secondly,the types of constructed wetland plants are introduced.Thirdly,the suitability of using medicinal wetland plants to treat rural domestic sewage is analyzed.Fourthly,the principles of selecting wetland plants with medicinal value are studied.Finally,commonly used constructed wetland plants and their medicinal value are introduced.
文摘Plant type and grain quality are two major aspects in rice breeding. Using canonical correlation analysis and canonical redundancy analysis, the relationship between plant type traits and rice grain quality traits was studied with 100 crosses derived from 10 sterile lines × 10 restorer lines. There was a complex relationship between parts of the traits of the two aspects. The angle of the 2nd leaf from the top and single panicle weight played important roles in plant type system and amylose content and grain length in grain quality system. The angle of the 2nd leaf from the top, plant height and single panicle weight had a great effect on grain quality traits, and amylose content, brown rice rate and translucency were easily influenced by plant type traits. Selection index model indicated that japonica hybrid rice in Northern China with good quality was characterized by broad flag leaf and 2nd leaf from the top, narrow and short 3rd leaf from the top, low plant height, short culm, long and more panicles and low single panicle weight.
文摘The 'double T-DNA' binary vector p13HSR which harbored two independent T-DNAs, containing hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpf) in one T-DNA region and three target genes (hLF, SB401, RZ10) in another T-DNA region, was used to generate selectable marker-free transgenic rice by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The regenerated plants with both the three target genes and the selectable marker gene hpt were selected for anther culture. RT-PCR analysis indicated that target genes were inserted in rice genomic DNA and successfully transcribed. It took only one year to obtain double haploid selectable marker-free transgenic plants containing the three target genes with co-transformation followed by anther culture technique, and the efficiency was 12.2%. It was also noted that one or two target genes derived from the binary vector were lost in some transgenic rice plants.
基金financially supported by grants from the Biogreen 21 Program, RDA, Korea (PJ00810304)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP) of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2014–2015)the Beijing Municipal Education Commission, China (KM200910011001)
文摘Genetic transformation is an important technique for functional genomics study and genetic improvement of plants. Until now, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods using cotyledon as explants has been the major approach for cucumber, and its frequency has been up to 23%. For example, significantly enhancement of the transformation efficiency of this plant species was achieved from the cotyledon explants of the cultivar Poinsett 76 infected by Agrobacterium strains EHA105 with efficient positive selection system in lots of experiments. This review is to summarize some key factors influencing cucumber regeneration and genetic transformation, including target genes, selection systems and the ways of transgene introduction, and then to put forward some strategies for the increasing of cucumber transformation efficiency. In the future, it is high possible for cucumber to be potential bioreactor to produce vaccine and biomaterials for human beings.
文摘Rxol cloned from maize is a non-host gene resistant to bacterial leaf streak of rice. pCAMBIA1305-1 with Rxo1 was digested with Sca I and NgoM IV and the double right-border binary vector pMNDRBBin6 was digested with Hpa I and Xma I. pMNDRBBin6 carrying the gene Rxo1 was acquired by ligation of blunt-end and cohesive end. The results of PCR, restriction enzyme analysis and sequencing indicated that the Rxo1 gene had been cloned into pMNDRBBin6. This double right-border binary vector, named as pMNDRBBin6-Rxol, will play a role in breeding marker-free plants resistant to bacterial leaf streak of rice by genetic transformation.
文摘High diversity of species in agroforestry homegardens play main agro-ecological</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> roles in complex and sustainable land use systems. Efforts are being made in <span>valuing and protecting the age-old practices of agroforestry on scientific basis in homegardens. This study attempted to analyse the scientific basis of households’ practices and </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">to </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">develop strategies for the promotion of sustainable agroforestry homegardens in Matara district of Sri Lanka. Selected </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">households were interviewed measuring their concern using </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">5-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">point Likert scale, and analysed the qualitative data using non-parametric statistics. The study revealed that scientific basis of household practices in agroforestry homegardens are moderate in selection of appropriate trees and plants, and management of trees <span>and plant health care. Households pay little concern on scientific basis in planning</span> and site placement, land preparation and establishment of trees/crops, and implementing proper cultural practices. There is no significant correlation between scientific basis of practices in agroforestry in relation with size of homegardens, educational level of households, and across the category of their occupations. Resources to use scientific knowledge in practice, and opportunity to improve scientific skills have moderate correlation significantly while availability of scientific information and access to scientific knowledge have significant but low correlation as applying knowledge on scientific basis. The interest to acquire scientific knowledge, and sufficient time to improve scientific knowledge, and other reasons have no significant correlation with scientific basis of household practices. Carefully planned interventions including policy adjustments and effective extension programs for learning and experimenting together with supportive programs would enhance scientific basis of household practices for agroforestry in homegardens.
基金financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities at Zhejiang University, China (2016XZZX001-09)
文摘High yield in rice mainly depends on large grain weight, ideal plant architecture and proper flowering time adapting to various geographic regions. To help achieve higher yield, phenotype variations of heading date(HD), plant architecture and grain shape in a panel of 416 rice accessions were investigated in this study. A total of 143 markers including 100 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers and 43 gene-tagged markers were employed in association mapping to detect quantitative trait loci(QTL) responsible for these variations. Among the 7 subpopulations, POP5 in japonica group showed the largest values of HD and grain width(GW), but the smallest values of grain length(GL) and grain length to width ratio(GLW). Among the six indica groups, POP7 had the largest values of HD, GL, GLW, and 1 000-grain weight(TGW). A total of 27 QTLs were detected underlying these phenotypic variations in single year, while 12 of them could be detected in 2006 and 2007. GS3 marker was closely associated with GL, GW and GLW, and widely distributed in different groups. The starch synthesis related gene markers, SSI, SSIIa, SBE1, AGPL4, and ISA1, were linked to plant height(PH), panicle length(PL), flag leaf length(FLL), GW, and GLW. The SSR markers, RM267, RM340 and RM346, were linked to at least two traits. Therefore, these new markers will probably be used to improve rice grain yield or plant architecture when performing marker-assisted selection of proper alleles.