Aim: To determine the relationship of carotid plaque, intima media thickness (IMT), resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) and prevalence of different risk factors with acute ischemic stroke and stroke subt...Aim: To determine the relationship of carotid plaque, intima media thickness (IMT), resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) and prevalence of different risk factors with acute ischemic stroke and stroke subtypes in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Materials and methods: 80 cases of acute ischemic strokes and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. The plaque, IMT, RI and PI were measured by carotid duplex ultrasound. Results: 31 subjects were Type 2 diabetic, 54 hypertensive while 25 were both diabetic and hypertensive. 23 cases (28.75%) had lacunar stroke (LACI), 32 (40%) stroke involving partial anterior circulation(PACI), 10(12.5%) stroke in posterior circulation (PACI) and 15(18.75%) stroke involving total anterior circulation(TACI) respectively. The mean IMT (0.88 ± 0.19mm), RI(0.76 ± 0.05) and PI(1.71 ± 0.19) of patients and mean IMT (0.6±0.09mm), RI (0.61 ± 0.06) and PI (1.53 ± 0.11) of controls were statistically significant (p-0.000). The mean values of IMT, PI and RI were significantly higher in diabetics (IMT-0.90 ± 0.16 VS 0.64 ± 0.11, p-0.013;PI-1.76 ± 0.20 VS 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI-0.76 ± 0.04 VS 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000) and similarly the mean values for IMT, PI and RI in hypertensives as compared to controls (IMT-0.88 ± 0.16 vs 0.65 ± 0.10, P-0.006;PI1.69 ± 0.18 vs 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI 0.76 ± 0.04 vs 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000). The mean IMT, PI and RI were increased significantly in smokers compared to controls (IMT-0.93 ± 0.20 vs 0.63 ± 0.06, P-0.000;PI-1.82 ± 0.22 vs 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI-0.77 ± 0.04 vs 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000). Type 3 plaque accounted for 27 (56.2%) cases and Type 2 plaque 12 (25%) cases. The total number of plaques in patients as compared to controls were significantly more (P-0.0034) and the mean plaque area was 46 mm2 for cases and 20 mm2 for control (P-0.0001). TACI was the most common type of ischemic stroke seen in DM (60%), HTN (66.6%) and smokers (66.7%). Plaques (73.3%), IMT (0.90 ± 0.12), PI(1.72 ± 0.14) and RI (0.76 ± 0.13) were more commonly associated with TACI subtype. On multivariate analysis using ANOVA, the mean PI was highly significant (0.000) in relation to types of plaque. Summary and Conclusions: IMT, RI, PI and plaque type are useful diagnostic parameters for acute ischemic stroke and its subtypes. They can be used as noninvasive tools for predicting and preventing ischemic stroke in smokers as well as subjects with DM and hypertension.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the correlation of coronary CTA calcification score (CACS) with serum inflammatory factors and plaque stability-related indexes in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 22...Objective: To investigate the correlation of coronary CTA calcification score (CACS) with serum inflammatory factors and plaque stability-related indexes in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 228 patients with possible coronary heart disease who were examined in this hospital between November 2014 and March 2017 were selected, and the CACS levels as well as the serum contents of inflammatory factors and plaque stability indexes in patients with different lesions were determined. Pearson test was used to assess the correlation between CACS level and disease severity in patients with coronary heart disease. Results: The CACS level of triple vessel disease group was higher than that of double vessel disease group and single vessel disease group, and the CACS level of double vessel disease group was higher than that of single vessel disease group;serum sICAM-1, IL-6, IL-18, CRP, PTX3, Lp-PLA2 and Cat K contents were higher than those of double vessel disease group and single vessel disease group;serum sICAM-1, IL-6, IL-18, CRP, PTX3, Lp-PLA2 and Cat K contents of double vessel disease group were higher than those of single vessel disease group;serum Cys C content of triple vessel disease group was lower than that of double vessel disease group and single vessel disease group, and serum Cys C content of double vessel disease group was lower than that of single vessel disease group. Pearson test showed that the CACS level in patients with coronary heart disease was directly correlated with serum contents of inflammatory factors and plaque stability indexes. Conclusion: The CACS levels in patients with coronary heart disease increase with the aggravation of disease, and the specific CACS level is directly correlated with the degree of inflammatory response and the stability of the plaques.展开更多
Background: Nowadays, though more attention is being paid to oral and dental hygiene all over the world, dental caries and periodontal diseases are increasing daily. We decided to study the effectiveness of natural to...Background: Nowadays, though more attention is being paid to oral and dental hygiene all over the world, dental caries and periodontal diseases are increasing daily. We decided to study the effectiveness of natural toothbrush in prevention of dental caries and plaque formation. Methods: This analytic, semi-experimental clinical trial included 390 individuals. Subjects were divided into 3 groups: using natural toothbrush, using artificial toothbrush and using both natural and artificial toothbrush. The plaque index and DMFT was assessed at the beginning of the study until 1 year. ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, LSD, Paired t-test, chi square, Fisher exact and Mc-Nemar tests were used for data analysis. Results: The plaque index in all three groups showed a mean reduction of 0.71. The mean DMFT in the samples before intervention was 8.38 ± 4.14 and increased to 9.1 ± 4.56. At the end of the study, the lowest plaque index was observed in the group using both the natural and artificial methods. During one year follow-up, the plaque index decreased 1.16, 0.83, and 0.21 degrees in the first, second and third groups. Conclusion: The increase in DMFT in the group that used artificial toothbrush was more than other groups. Thus, use of natural toothbrush leads to a decrease in growth rate of DMFT. Therefore natural toothbrush can be used for the cleaning of teeth and prevention of dental caries.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of adjuvant salvianolate therapy on plaque stability, cell apoptosis and coagulation indexes in patients with unstable angina pectoris.Methods: 92 patients with unstable angina pect...Objective:To investigate the effect of adjuvant salvianolate therapy on plaque stability, cell apoptosis and coagulation indexes in patients with unstable angina pectoris.Methods: 92 patients with unstable angina pectoris treated in our hospital between May 2011 and August 2015 were collected, and after the treatment process and auxiliary examination results were retrospectively analyzed, they were divided into the control group (n=45) who accepted conventional treatment and the observation group (n=47) who accepted adjuvant salvianolate treatment. Before and after treatment, diasonograph was used to evaluate the plaque stability parameters of two groups of patients;ELISA was used to detect apoptosis-related molecule levels;immunoturbidimetry was used to detect blood coagulation indexes.Results: Before treatment, differences in plaque stability parameters, cell apoptosis molecules and coagulation indexes were not statistically significant between two groups of patients (P>0.05). After treatment, the plaque stability parameters plaque thickness, enhanced intensity, rise time and time to peak of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05);serum sFas, sFasL, fibrinogen (Fib), platelet (PLT), and D-Dimer (D-D) levels of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bcl-2, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) levels were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Adjuvant salvianolate treatment can increase the plaque stability, also inhibit myocardial cell apoptosis and improve the coagulation function in patients with unstable angina pectoris.展开更多
Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess chlorhexidine effects on plaque index and salivary levels of mutans streptococci (MS) when used as the immersion solution for removable orthodontic appliances and added to ...Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess chlorhexidine effects on plaque index and salivary levels of mutans streptococci (MS) when used as the immersion solution for removable orthodontic appliances and added to their acrylic resin composition. Methods: Forty-five patients (6 to 12 years old) were randomly assigned into three groups with 15 patients each. Group I (control)—without orthodontic appliances disinfection;Group II—removable orthodontic appliances which had been immersed in 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate overnight (8 hours), and Group III—orthodontic appliances in which 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate solution had been incorporated into their resin composition. Saliva was collected for quantification of MS and evaluation of plaque index was performed before and after installation of orthodontic appliance at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance. Results: Number of MS colonies in saliva and plaque index showed no statistically differences among groups at the different periods (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It could be concluded that chlorhexidine incorporation into the acrylic resin of removable orthodontic appliances at 0.12% concentration and immersion of the appliance into 0.12% chlorhexidine solution were not effective in reducing plaque index and the number of MS in saliva.展开更多
文摘Aim: To determine the relationship of carotid plaque, intima media thickness (IMT), resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) and prevalence of different risk factors with acute ischemic stroke and stroke subtypes in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Materials and methods: 80 cases of acute ischemic strokes and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. The plaque, IMT, RI and PI were measured by carotid duplex ultrasound. Results: 31 subjects were Type 2 diabetic, 54 hypertensive while 25 were both diabetic and hypertensive. 23 cases (28.75%) had lacunar stroke (LACI), 32 (40%) stroke involving partial anterior circulation(PACI), 10(12.5%) stroke in posterior circulation (PACI) and 15(18.75%) stroke involving total anterior circulation(TACI) respectively. The mean IMT (0.88 ± 0.19mm), RI(0.76 ± 0.05) and PI(1.71 ± 0.19) of patients and mean IMT (0.6±0.09mm), RI (0.61 ± 0.06) and PI (1.53 ± 0.11) of controls were statistically significant (p-0.000). The mean values of IMT, PI and RI were significantly higher in diabetics (IMT-0.90 ± 0.16 VS 0.64 ± 0.11, p-0.013;PI-1.76 ± 0.20 VS 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI-0.76 ± 0.04 VS 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000) and similarly the mean values for IMT, PI and RI in hypertensives as compared to controls (IMT-0.88 ± 0.16 vs 0.65 ± 0.10, P-0.006;PI1.69 ± 0.18 vs 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI 0.76 ± 0.04 vs 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000). The mean IMT, PI and RI were increased significantly in smokers compared to controls (IMT-0.93 ± 0.20 vs 0.63 ± 0.06, P-0.000;PI-1.82 ± 0.22 vs 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI-0.77 ± 0.04 vs 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000). Type 3 plaque accounted for 27 (56.2%) cases and Type 2 plaque 12 (25%) cases. The total number of plaques in patients as compared to controls were significantly more (P-0.0034) and the mean plaque area was 46 mm2 for cases and 20 mm2 for control (P-0.0001). TACI was the most common type of ischemic stroke seen in DM (60%), HTN (66.6%) and smokers (66.7%). Plaques (73.3%), IMT (0.90 ± 0.12), PI(1.72 ± 0.14) and RI (0.76 ± 0.13) were more commonly associated with TACI subtype. On multivariate analysis using ANOVA, the mean PI was highly significant (0.000) in relation to types of plaque. Summary and Conclusions: IMT, RI, PI and plaque type are useful diagnostic parameters for acute ischemic stroke and its subtypes. They can be used as noninvasive tools for predicting and preventing ischemic stroke in smokers as well as subjects with DM and hypertension.
文摘Objective: To investigate the correlation of coronary CTA calcification score (CACS) with serum inflammatory factors and plaque stability-related indexes in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 228 patients with possible coronary heart disease who were examined in this hospital between November 2014 and March 2017 were selected, and the CACS levels as well as the serum contents of inflammatory factors and plaque stability indexes in patients with different lesions were determined. Pearson test was used to assess the correlation between CACS level and disease severity in patients with coronary heart disease. Results: The CACS level of triple vessel disease group was higher than that of double vessel disease group and single vessel disease group, and the CACS level of double vessel disease group was higher than that of single vessel disease group;serum sICAM-1, IL-6, IL-18, CRP, PTX3, Lp-PLA2 and Cat K contents were higher than those of double vessel disease group and single vessel disease group;serum sICAM-1, IL-6, IL-18, CRP, PTX3, Lp-PLA2 and Cat K contents of double vessel disease group were higher than those of single vessel disease group;serum Cys C content of triple vessel disease group was lower than that of double vessel disease group and single vessel disease group, and serum Cys C content of double vessel disease group was lower than that of single vessel disease group. Pearson test showed that the CACS level in patients with coronary heart disease was directly correlated with serum contents of inflammatory factors and plaque stability indexes. Conclusion: The CACS levels in patients with coronary heart disease increase with the aggravation of disease, and the specific CACS level is directly correlated with the degree of inflammatory response and the stability of the plaques.
文摘Background: Nowadays, though more attention is being paid to oral and dental hygiene all over the world, dental caries and periodontal diseases are increasing daily. We decided to study the effectiveness of natural toothbrush in prevention of dental caries and plaque formation. Methods: This analytic, semi-experimental clinical trial included 390 individuals. Subjects were divided into 3 groups: using natural toothbrush, using artificial toothbrush and using both natural and artificial toothbrush. The plaque index and DMFT was assessed at the beginning of the study until 1 year. ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, LSD, Paired t-test, chi square, Fisher exact and Mc-Nemar tests were used for data analysis. Results: The plaque index in all three groups showed a mean reduction of 0.71. The mean DMFT in the samples before intervention was 8.38 ± 4.14 and increased to 9.1 ± 4.56. At the end of the study, the lowest plaque index was observed in the group using both the natural and artificial methods. During one year follow-up, the plaque index decreased 1.16, 0.83, and 0.21 degrees in the first, second and third groups. Conclusion: The increase in DMFT in the group that used artificial toothbrush was more than other groups. Thus, use of natural toothbrush leads to a decrease in growth rate of DMFT. Therefore natural toothbrush can be used for the cleaning of teeth and prevention of dental caries.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of adjuvant salvianolate therapy on plaque stability, cell apoptosis and coagulation indexes in patients with unstable angina pectoris.Methods: 92 patients with unstable angina pectoris treated in our hospital between May 2011 and August 2015 were collected, and after the treatment process and auxiliary examination results were retrospectively analyzed, they were divided into the control group (n=45) who accepted conventional treatment and the observation group (n=47) who accepted adjuvant salvianolate treatment. Before and after treatment, diasonograph was used to evaluate the plaque stability parameters of two groups of patients;ELISA was used to detect apoptosis-related molecule levels;immunoturbidimetry was used to detect blood coagulation indexes.Results: Before treatment, differences in plaque stability parameters, cell apoptosis molecules and coagulation indexes were not statistically significant between two groups of patients (P>0.05). After treatment, the plaque stability parameters plaque thickness, enhanced intensity, rise time and time to peak of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05);serum sFas, sFasL, fibrinogen (Fib), platelet (PLT), and D-Dimer (D-D) levels of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group while Bcl-2, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) levels were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Adjuvant salvianolate treatment can increase the plaque stability, also inhibit myocardial cell apoptosis and improve the coagulation function in patients with unstable angina pectoris.
文摘Aim: The purpose of this study was to assess chlorhexidine effects on plaque index and salivary levels of mutans streptococci (MS) when used as the immersion solution for removable orthodontic appliances and added to their acrylic resin composition. Methods: Forty-five patients (6 to 12 years old) were randomly assigned into three groups with 15 patients each. Group I (control)—without orthodontic appliances disinfection;Group II—removable orthodontic appliances which had been immersed in 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate overnight (8 hours), and Group III—orthodontic appliances in which 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate solution had been incorporated into their resin composition. Saliva was collected for quantification of MS and evaluation of plaque index was performed before and after installation of orthodontic appliance at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance. Results: Number of MS colonies in saliva and plaque index showed no statistically differences among groups at the different periods (p > 0.05). Conclusions: It could be concluded that chlorhexidine incorporation into the acrylic resin of removable orthodontic appliances at 0.12% concentration and immersion of the appliance into 0.12% chlorhexidine solution were not effective in reducing plaque index and the number of MS in saliva.
