Households’ Willingness-to-Pay to Reduce the Use of Plastic Bags: Case Study in Viet Nam

This study used the Binary Logistic regression model to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) to reduce the use of plastic bags in the daily life of people in the Linh Nam ward. This study notes that households with higher incomes and higher levels of education tend to be more willing to pay. In addition, those who do not have access to information about the harmful effects of plastic bags and receive a higher proposed price often refuse to pay.

Travels of 3 plastic bags

You’ve bought what you need.The grocery cashier asks,"Will that be paper or plastic?You reply"Plastic,please."This seems like a simple question and there are plenty of reasons we choose plastic:easier to carry,lighter than paper bags,possibly less damaging to the environment,less expensive to the shop owners,able to be used as trash bag。

Eco-friendly concept:female clothing design inspired by plastic bag's pattern

Environment is facing lots of problems mainly caused by plastic bags.Plastic bags have very harmful effect on environment as they don't dispose of.Recycling is a process in which the waste material can be reused and re-created to give it a new look which also saves money and make environment eco-friendly.This study focuses on conveying eco-friendly fashion concept to the consumers.Inspired by plastic bags'shape and patterns,the author creates a new method of pattern making for female clothing which decorated on different materials.Through design practices and draping experiments,a new ready-to-wear collection shows the more possibility of eco-friendly idea in fashion industry.

Research on utilizing recycled plastic to make environment-friendly plywood

In our study, we replaced traditional adhesives with compounds made with recycled plastic shopping bags in order to make hot-melt plywood using various amounts of plastic film, different hot-pressing temperatures and hot-pressing times. All three variables have an effect on the intensity and water-resistance of plywood. The results show that the bonding strength of plywood does not increase with increasing amounts of plastic film. When the hot-pressing temperature is increased to 150℃, the bonding strength does not necessarily increase any further. At a hot-pressing time of 6 min, the bonding strength reaches a maximum, after which it will decrease. The optimum hot-pressing parameters are as follows： 100 g·m^-2 of recycled plastic, a hot-pressing temperature of 150℃ and a hot-pressing time of 6 min. This study puts forward a new idea of making use of plastic waste, which, ultimately, may solve the problem of formaldehyde emission without damaging the environment. It has enormous potential market applications.

SPE结合GC-MS定性定量测定一次性塑料血袋水浸提液中的还原物质

A method was established for qualitative and quantitative determination of the reducing substances from plastic blood bags aqueous extract.The samples were extracted with a solid-phase extraction procedure,dichloromethane qua extract solvents,and were measured with GC-MS.With this method,we determined several reducing substances from plastic blood bags aqueous extract and fixed quantify on DEHP (di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate),one of the dominating reducing substances.The method was simple and can be used for the quality control of plastic blood bags.

The mechanical properties of plastic evidence bags used for collection and storage of drug chemicals relevant to clandestine laboratory investigations

The effectiveness of three types of plastic bags used by the New South Wales Police Force for the storage of clandestine drug evidence has been investigated through a comparison of mechanical properties.The tensile and tear properties of“as received”low-density polyethylene(LDPE)and poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)bags do not show major differences such that one type would be favoured over the other.However,the mechanical properties of the bags once exposed to a range of chemicals routinely collected as drug evidence have been shown to be influenced as a result of different chemical interactions.Although an interaction of reagents/solvents with an additive within the LDPE bags is proposed to influence the mechanical properties of the bags,the change in properties has been shown to be less severe than that observed for the PVC bag,where softening and damage of the bags results due to absorption of reagents.

Gene-modified leucoconcentrate for personalized ex vivo gene therapy in a mini pig model of moderate spinal cord injury

We previously demonstrated that gene-modified umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells overexpressing a combination of recombinant neurotrophic factors are a promising therapeutic approach for cell-mediated gene therapy for neurodegenerative diseases,neurotrauma,and stroke.In this study,using a mini pig model of spinal cord injury,we proposed for the first time the use of gene-modified leucoconcentrate prepared from peripheral blood in the plastic blood bag for personalized ex vivo gene therapy.Leucoconcentrate obtained from mini pig peripheral blood was transduced with a chimeric adenoviral vector(Ad5/35 F)that carried an enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP)reporter gene in the plastic blood bag.The day after blood donation,the mini pigs were subjected to moderate SCI and four hours post-surgery they were intravenously autoinfused with gene-modified leucoconcentrate.A week after gene-modified leucoconcentrate therapy,fluorescent microscopy revealed EGFP-expressing leucocytes in spinal cord at the site of contusion injury.In the spleen the groups of EGFP-positive cells located in the lymphoid follicles were observed.In vitro flow cytometry and fluorescent microscopy studies of the gene-modified leucoconcentrate samples also confirmed the production of EGFP by leucocytes.Thus,the efficacy of leucocytes transduction in the plastic blood bag and their migratory potential suggest their use for temporary production of recombinant biologically active molecules to correct certain pathological conditions.This paper presents a proof-of-concept of simple,safe and effective approach for personalized ex vivo gene therapy based on gene-modified leucoconcentrate autoinfusion.The animal protocols were approved by the Kazan State Medical University Animal Care and Use Committee(approval No.5)on May 27,2014.

A New and Simple Method for Collecting Eggs of the Striped Stemborer,Chilo suppressalis

The method for collecting eggs of the striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis using plastic bags was studied in comparison with using caged rice plants. There was no significant difference in fecundity of C. suppressalis at 279 eggs/moth and in percentage of hatched eggs at 95% between in plastic bags and on rice plants. More egg masses were collected on plastic bags than on rice plants, whereas more smaller egg masses (less than 100 eggs per mass) in plastic bags than on rice plants. The advantages in collecting eggs of C. suppressalis and other insects by using plastic bags were also discussed.

The road to sustainable use and waste management of plastics in Portugal

As a European Union(EU)member,Portugal must comply with reductions in plastic waste.In Portugal,the 330 items/100 m of beach litter,comprising up to 3.9 million pieces and of which 88%is plastic,is higher than the EU median(149 items/100 m)and must be reduced to 20 items/100 m(94%).Integrative measures are needed to reduce littering and improve plastics’use and disposal under the circular economy.Of this 414 kt of plastic packaging waste,163 kt were declared plastic packaging,140 kt subjected to recycling,and 94 kt to energy recovery.The current recycling rate of plastic packaging(34%)should be improved to reach EU recycling averages(42%)and goals and to provide widespread benefits,considering revenues of 167€/t.As a net importer of waste,Portugal could benefit from the valorization of imported waste.Besides increased recycling,pyrolysis and gasification could provide short-term alternatives for producing value-added substances from plastic waste,such as hydrogen,consistent with the National Plan of Hydrogen and improving ongoing regulations on single-use plastics.This manuscript provides an integrative view of plastics in Portugal,from use to disposal,providing specific recommendations under the circular economy.

Plastic use by a Brazilian freshwater bird species in its nesting activities

Here we report the use of plastics by Chrysomus ruficapillus(Vieillot,1819)(Passeriformes:Icteridae),popularly known as“Garibaldi”,in its nesting activities.The phenomenon was registered on October 17,2020 near Furnas reservoir,upper Paran
a River Basin,in Minas Gerais,southeastern Brazil.We also discuss the possible negative effects-e.g.,asphyxiation,entanglement-for C.ruficapillus using plastic materials in nesting activities.Finally,we call attention to the need for further investigations about similar events in other Brazilian watersheds.