Effect of Different Indole-3-Buteric Acid(IBA)Concentrations and Cutting Types on Plane Trees(Platanus orientalis L.)

Effects of different Indole-3-Buteric Acid （IBA） concentrations （0, 1 000, 1 500 and 2 500 ppm） and curing types （soft wood, semi hard and hard wood） of plane tree were investigated with Randomized Complete Block Design （RCBD） at the Agricultural research station, Charsadda. The maximum survival percentage, plant height （cm）, root length （era）, numbers of roots and root weight per cutting were significantly higher in hard wood cuttings. IBA concentration had no speculative effect on plane tree cuttings. Thus, hard wood cutting was the best choice for plan tree propagation.

Ecological Study of Bryophytes on Platanus orientalis L. Trees in Nainital (Western Himalaya)

The bryophytic vegetation associated with Platanus orientalis trees were studied and compared with other important tree species of Nainital. In total 27 mosses and liverworts belonging to 14 families with three morphological groups formed the principle component of Platanus orientalis tree bark. Based on IVI (Important Value Index), Regmatodon orthostegius together with Brachymenium capitulatum formed the pioneer community, while Herpetineuron toccoae formed the climax community on the Platanus orientalis stems. Comparison of the bryoflora of P. orientalis with other dominant trees of this locality indicated that 15 species were common, while 12 species viz., Didymodon vinealis (Brid.) R.H., Bryoerythrophyllum dentatum (Mitt.) Chen, Gemmabryum apiculatum (Schw?gr.), Ditrichum heteromallum (Hedw.) Britt., Entodon chloropus Ren. & Card., Cylindrothecium laetum (Griff.) Paris, Fabronia schensiana C. Muell., Lejeunea tuberculosa Stephani, Levierella neckeroides (Griff.), Regmatodon orthostegius Mont., Rhynchostegiella menadensis (Lac.) Bartr. and Stereophyllum fulvum (Harv.) Jaeg. were confined to the tree barks of P. orientalis.

Platanus orientalis leaves based hierarchical porous carbon microspheres as high efficiency adsorbents for organic dyes removal

Water contamination caused by hazardous organic dyes has drawn considerable attention, among all of the techniques released, adsorption has been widely used, which however to a large degree is dependent on the development of high efficiency adsorbents. Waste biomass based porous carbon is becoming the new star class of adsorbents, and thus contribute more to the sustainable development of the society. In this work, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, abundant waste fallen Platanus orientalis leaves are employed as the raw material for hierarchical activated porous carbon(APC) microspheres via a mild hydrothermal carbonization(210 ℃,12.0 h) followed by one-step calcination(750 ℃, 1.0 h). The APC microspheres exhibit a specific surface area of 1355.53 m^2·g^-1 and abundant functional groups such as O—H and C=O. Furthermore, the APC microspheres are used as the adsorbents for removal of Rh B and MO, with the maximum adsorption capabilities of 557.06 mg·g^-1 and 327.49 mg·g^-1, respectively, higher than those of the most porous carbon originated from biomass. The adsorption rates rapidly approach to 98.2%(RhB) and 95.4%(MO) within 10 min. The adsorption data can be well fitted by Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, meanwhile the intra-particle diffusion and Boyd models simultaneously indicate that the diffusion within the pores is the main rate-limiting step. Besides, the APC microspheres also demonstrate good recyclability, and may also be applied to other areas such as heterogeneous catalysis and energy storage.

Accumulation of heavy metal in Platanus orientalis, Robinia pseudoacacia and Fraxinus rotundifolia

Plants are capable of reducing environmental pollutions through uptaking contaminants in their tissues. In the study site, twenty one-year-old leaves and shoots as well as twenty soil samples were sampled and analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma （ICP）. We investigated the uptaking ability of lead （Pb） and cadmium （Cd） by the leaves and shoots of Platanus orientalis, Robinia pseudoacacia and Fraxinus rotundifolia in Karaj city, the western Tehran, Iran. We also evaluated the total metal accumulation capacity by using metal accumulation index （MAI）. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in uptaking contents of Cd and Pb in the leaves among the trees. However accumulation of Cd in shoots of F. rotundifolia and R. pseudoacacia was significantly higher than that of P. orientalis. The accumulation of Pb in shoots of R. pseudoacacia was significantly higher than the other species. The amount of Pb in the soil of the study area was significantly higher than Cd. Concentrations of Cd and Pb in leaves of the three species are in the ranges of 2.4 2.7 mg Kg-1 and 7.1 14.4 mg Kg-1 , respectively. R. pseudoacacia had the highest MAI value for leaves （2.21） and F. rotundifolia had the highest MAI value for shoots （2.4）.

Contamination and browning in tissue culture of Platanus occidentalis L.

Twigs of 2-3-year-old Platanus occidentalis L. were used as experimental material to find the causes for the contamination and browning in the initial stages of tissue cultures. To compare the degree of browning of explants picked off from different growing seasons, the experimental material was excised from trees on each of the first ten days in January, March, May and July, 2006. The results indicated that the contamination and browning rates of the material cut off in January （14.2% and 30.6%, respectively） and March were somewhat lower than those in July. The pretreatment of soaking the explants in different anti-oxidants and absorbents at the same time could diminish some side effects. The pretreatment of using 10 g·L^-1 vitamin C reduced the contamination and brown- ing rate effectively. An orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal factor and level arrangement is 0.5 mg·L^-1BA, 2.0 g·L^-1 active carbon and 1.5 g·L^-1 PVP which resulted in a browning rate of only 16.5%. In general, sampling period, physical properties and pretreatment of explants are the main factors responsible for the contamination and browning of material in the initial stages of P. occidentalis tissue cultures.

Volatile Oil of Platycladus Orientalis(L.)Franco Leaves Exerts Strong Anti-inflammatory Effects via Inhibiting the IκB/NF-κB Pathway

This study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of volatile oil of Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco leaves(VOPF)and the underlying molecular mechanisms by using the non-infectious inflammation rat models and infectious inflammation mouse models.Ear swelling and intraperitoneal capillary permeability in mice,and carrageenan-induced toe swelling and cotton ball-induced granuloma in rats were used to reveal anti-inflammatory effects of VOPF.Moreover,the lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced mouse model of acute lung injury was used to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of VOPF.The results showed that VOPF could significantly inhibit auricular swelling,intraperitoneal capillary permeability in mice,and reduce granuloma swelling and paw swelling in rats.Furthermore,it significantly alleviated the pathological damage of the lung tissue.In addition,VOPF could reduce the contents of IL-1β and TNF-αand increase the content of IL-10 in the serum.It had little effect on the expression of p65 but reduced the phosphorylation level of p65 and IκB in NF-κB pathway.In conclusion,VOPF has anti-inflammatory effects and the mechanisms involve the down-regulation of the phosphorylation levels of p65 and IκB and blockage of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Platanus occidentalis L.

[ Objective ] The aim was to carry out study on the tissue culture of Platanus occldentalis L. so as to provide suitable method for propagation and preser- vation of fine strains. [ Method ] Four lines of P. occidentalis were used as test materials to explore the proliferation conditions of them on different mediums. [ Re- suit] The difference on the proliferation culture conditions among four clones, four media as well as the interaction of clones and media is extremely significant. The multiple comparisons result showed that the optimal proliferation medium for SX4, SX12, SJ28 and DY18 are ？,4, A2, A2 and A4. SX4 shows the best proliferation result. [ Conclusion] The result in this study has provided suitable method for propagation and preservation of fine strains and the material basis for further studies an P ,~rvirl.,,n^nli~

不同产地侧柏叶中无机元素的含量测定及评价

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定不同产地侧柏[Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco]叶中无机元素含量,并进行方法学验证,采用SPSS软件进行聚类分析和主成分分析,对其特征元素进行评价。结果表明,标准样品中26种元素的线性关系良好,相关系数(R^(2))≥0.9953,各元素的检出限在0.0020~4.2226 ng/mL,精密度、稳定性、重复性符合要求,各元素的平均加样回收率在84.1%~123.6%,相对标准偏差在0.7%~4.5%;28批侧柏叶样品中检测出24种无机元素,含量差异较大,其中,侧柏叶样品K、Ca、Mg的含量均超过1000 mg/kg,Cd、As、Hg、Cu含量均在《中华人民共和国药典:一部》规定的限度范围内,Pb含量为0.602~9.337 mg/kg,有6批侧柏叶样品超出限度;主成分分析显示Fe、Ti、Ca、Ni、Al、Mn、Zn、K为侧柏叶的主要特征性元素;聚类分析显示,地理位置相近的产地能较好地聚为一类,表明侧柏叶中无机元素含量存在明显的地域特征。建立的方法操作简便,分析速度快,灵敏度高,可用于侧柏叶中无机元素含量的测定。

豨莶草对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞的体外抑制效应

目的研究中药豨莶草提取物对人宫颈癌细胞HeLa的体外抑制效应。方法培养人宫颈癌HeLa细胞,体外加入不同浓度的豨莶草提取物,MTT法观察其对细胞增殖的影响。结果豨莶草的乙酸乙酯和正丁醇部位对HeLa细胞有较强的体外增殖抑制作用。结论豨莶草对He1a细胞有较强的体外抑制效应。

悬铃木AFLP反应体系优化及引物筛选

以三球悬铃木为试验材料,通过对影响AFLP反应体系的各主要因素的研究,建立了悬铃木AFLP分析技术的体系.结果表明,悬铃木AFLP最佳酶切体系(20μL)为模板DNA1 000ng,PstI和MseI各为3 U,在37℃下双酶切3 h;在20μL最佳连接体系中,15μL酶切产物为3U,T4连接酶,0.25μmol·L-1PstI接头,2.5μmol·L-1MseI接头,1μL 10×T4buffer,在22℃下连接12 h;在20μL最佳预扩反应体系中稀释15倍的连接产物5μL,2.0 mmol·L-1Mg2+,2 UTaq酶,200μmol·L-1dNTP,0.5μmol·L-1PstI和M seI引物(P+AGA/M+ATC);在20μL最佳选择性扩增反应体系中5μL稀释15倍的预扩增产物,2.0 mmol·L-1的Mg2+,2 UTaq酶,200μmol·L-1dNTP,0.5μmol·L-1PstI和M seI引物(P+AGA/M+ATC).最后,利用上面的体系筛选出了92对适宜于悬铃木AFLP分析的引物.

HPLC法测定侧柏叶及其制剂侧柏Ⅴ号胶囊和异海松酸胶囊中异海松酸

目的建立异海松酸的HPLC测定方法，控制侧柏叶及其制剂侧柏V号胶囊和异海松酸胶囊的质量。方法采用高效液相色谱法。色谱条件：Kromasil C18柱（200mm×4．6mm，5μm）；流动相：甲醇-水-冰醋酸（60：37；3）；体积流量：1mL／min；柱温：25℃；检测波长；231nm；进样量：10μL。采用外标法计算样品中异海松酸的质量分数。结果异海松酸的线性关系范围为1．25～10．00μg，回归方程为Y=66214X＋2487．9，r=1．000。平均回收率为95．8％，RSD为2．7％（n=5）。侧柏叶药材中异海松酸的测定结果分别为3．09、3．20、3．56mg／g，侧柏V号胶囊的测定结果分别为10．39、9．67、10．99mg／g，异海松酸胶囊的测定结果分别为553．89、541．50、528．83mg／g。结论该方法简便、准确、分离效果好、无干扰，可用于侧柏及其胶囊的质量评价。

IAC-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS法测定不同产地柏子仁中4种黄曲霉毒素

目的建立IAC-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS法测定不同产地柏子仁Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco中黄曲霉毒素B_(1)、B_(2)、G_(1)、G_(2)的含量。方法柏子仁70%甲醇提取物的分析采用HALO 90A C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.7μm);流动相0.1%甲酸-甲醇,梯度洗脱;柱温40℃;体积流量0.25 mL/min。利用高效液相色谱串联三重四级杆质谱法进行测定。结果黄曲霉毒素B_(1)、B_(2)、G_(1)、G_(2)在各自范围内线性关系良好(r>0.9985),平均加样回收率81.33%~97.92%,RSD 1.36%~15.02%。所测的14批柏子仁样品中,12批样品检测呈阳性,黄曲霉毒素污染率高达71.43%。结论该方法简便快速,重复性高,灵敏度好,适合柏子仁样品中黄曲霉毒素含量的检测。

电导法结合Logistic方程鉴定法国梧桐的抗寒性

法国梧桐为阔叶落叶乔木,是优良行道树种。北京市行道上种植有大量法国梧桐,每年越冬都有大量的树死亡。采用电导法结合Logistic方程对法国梧桐的抗寒性进行了研究。结果显示,0.5%氯化钠溶液处理法国梧桐枝条,其低温半致死温度为-14.61℃,对照法国梧桐的半致死温度为-16.07℃。该结果暗示,低温和融雪剂可能是北京市内行道树法国梧桐死亡的原因。

Research progress on chemical constituents in Sigesbeckiae Herba and their pharmacological activities

Sigesbeckiae Herba,a dry whole plant of Sigesbeckia glabrescens Makino,Sigesbeckia pubescens Makino and Sigesbeckia orientalis L.,is a traditional Chinese medicine used to dispel dampness,dredge meridians and collaterals,clear heat and detoxicate.Its chemical components are complex and abundant,including mainly diterpenoids,sesquiterpenoids and flavonoids.Among them,diterpenoids are the main active components.Modern pharmacological studies have found that the compounds isolated from Sigesbeckiae Herba have anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,antithrombus and other pharmacological activities.This review systematically summarized the chemical components identified from Sigesbeckiae Herba and their pharmacological activities by searching Chinese and English databases,in order to provide references for the further development of Sigesbeckiae Herba and the improvement of its quality standards.

基于因子分析法与k-means聚类的行道树安全风险评价

以南京市法国梧桐行道树为例,通过分析行道树的生长状况、稳定性、健康状况、对交通的影响等各方面因素,建立涵盖8个评价指标的行道树安全风险评价指标体系,并基于因子分析法和k-means聚类对所有行道树进行安全风险评价。结果表明:南京市51.7%的法国梧桐行道树存在高、中风险,主要分布在秦淮区、玄武区和鼓楼区。其中莫愁路和三条巷为高风险路段,但中风险路段上的高风险法国梧桐行道树占高风险行道树总量的79.1%。因此,除了密切监测高风险路段外,还需要加强中风险路段的监测。本研究提出的行道树安全风险评价方法通过建立合理有效的行道树安全风险评价模型,能得到科学准确的行道树安全风险评价结果,反映行道树安全风险状况,为管理部门提供决策支持,且具有可迁移性,能推广应用到其他行道树安全风险评价研究。

基于GIS空间分析的城市行道树安全评估

行道树安全性评估是城市树木安全防护的重要内容,采用科学有效的方法评估行道树安全现状,对城市安全精细化管理及行道树有机更新具有重要的现实意义.以南京市主城区法桐行道树为例,通过整合法桐行道树多种出险记录,构建了南京市法桐行道树安全性调查数据库;通过计算不同时空维度的出险频度来评价法桐行道树安全性;利用GIS空间自相关分析方法,探究了法桐行道树路段出险频度的空间分布特征.结果显示,玄武区、鼓楼区、秦淮区是南京市法桐行道树的高频出险行政区,其中玄武区总出险频度最高,达到5.2%.玄武区内北京东路-中山路-中山东路-太平北路所围街区是法桐行道树逐年高频出险路段集中区域.法桐行道树出险路段在空间上存在显著热点,其中鼓楼区的出险热点数量最多,达到23条,主要集中在中山路沿线路段.法桐行道树出险的主要原因为断枝和车撞树,分别占总出险事件的38.34%和15.45%.针对重点出险区域出险原因提出相应建议,为未来行道树的城市管理提供参考.

柏子仁及其掺伪品亚麻子加工品的性状鉴别

柏子仁是一种常见中药,具有养血安神、润肠通便的作用,临床上常用于治疗阴血不足引起的虚烦失眠、心悸怔忡。柏子仁临床需求量大、供应量少,市场上掺伪现象严重。湖北省中医院在药品验收中发现一种新型柏子仁掺伪现象,伪品与正品相似度高,难以分辨,影响中药临床疗效和安全性。文章将柏子仁与其伪品进行性状鉴别比较,对亚麻子进行加工处理和性状鉴定,对比伪品和亚麻子加工品的性状特征;根据结果推测,掺伪品为亚麻子经脱色处理后的样品。

不同容器苗造林方式对侧柏生长的影响

针对侧柏容器苗造林方式的选择问题,以安顺市某侧柏容器苗基地的2年生侧柏移植苗进行不同容器苗造林方式对侧柏生长的影响探究,分别采用脱袋与留袋2种不同方式进行了对比试验,并从土壤水分、成活率、生长量、保护酶以及可溶性蛋白量等不同指标分析了侧柏生长差异。结果表明:脱袋处理下的侧柏相比留袋处理,在土壤含水量、成活率、生长量、保护酶活性与可溶性蛋白含量5项指标上更高,说明脱袋处理下的侧柏苗木质量更佳,需要注意的是不同容器苗造林方式对POD酶活性与可溶性蛋白含量不具备显著影响。

杨木PRC-APMP木片原料结构优化实践

考察了采用松木和法桐制备PRC-APMP的可行性,并与杨木APMP进行对比。在相同打浆度下,松木APMP强度性能最优,法桐APMP和杨木APMP强度性能相当;松木APMP难以漂白,当双氧水总用量100 kg/吨浆时,浆料白度也仅达到44.3%。中试生产采用松木和法桐部分代替杨木制备PRC-APMP,结果表明:当松木添加比例8%、法桐添加比例15%时,综合生产成本降低44.4元/吨浆,成浆指标满足文化纸使用要求,并在一定程度上缓解了杨木片原料紧缺的压力。