To determine the influence of the fence on plateau pika (<em>Ochotona curzoniae</em>), we measured the body mass, breeding status, population densities, using live-trapping and line-transect sampling in Ap...To determine the influence of the fence on plateau pika (<em>Ochotona curzoniae</em>), we measured the body mass, breeding status, population densities, using live-trapping and line-transect sampling in April and September 2006. In April, body mass of both male and female plateau pika inside of fence were significant higher than that outside of fence (♀: F = 6.583, <em>df</em> = 1.20, <em>p</em> = 0.019;♂: F = 6.49, <em>df</em> = 1.17, <em>p</em> = 0.021). The ratio of spermary drop of an adult male was also higher (92.31% vs 57.14%). In September, body mass of adult male in both study sites showed no significant difference (F = 0.001, <em>df</em> = 1.23, <em>p</em> = 0.975), but were all significant higher than that of April (F = 121.713, <em>df</em> = 1.22, <em>p</em> < 0.001;F = 105.819, <em>df</em> = 1.20, <em>p</em> < 0.001). In April, the population densities of both study sites showed on significant difference (F = 2.388, <em>df</em> = 1.38, <em>p</em> = 0.131), but the population density inside of fence was much higher than that outside of fence (F = 7.534, <em>df</em> = 1.38, <em>p</em> = 0.009) in September. Our results show that the changes of quality and quantity of food that available to plateau pika in winter, can depress the range of reducing body mass of plateau pika, make breeding season ahead, and then promote the increase of population.展开更多
Seasonal variations in gut microbiota of small mammals and how they are influenced by environmental variables are relatively poorly understood.We sampled 162 wild plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae)in 4 seasons over 2 a...Seasonal variations in gut microbiota of small mammals and how they are influenced by environmental variables are relatively poorly understood.We sampled 162 wild plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae)in 4 seasons over 2 and a half years and recorded the air temperature,precipitation,and nutrient content in edible vegetation at the sampling site.After conducting 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing,we found that the highest alpha diversity,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,and the simplest co-occurrence network occurred in winter,whereas the highest relative abundance of Proteobacteria and the most complex network structure were observed in spring.The highest relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and Spirochaetota was seen in summer and autumn,respectively.Air temperature,precipitation,and the contents of crude protein,crude fiber,and polysaccharide in vegetation had significant effects on the seasonal changes in gut microbiota.Diet contributed more to microbial variation than climatic factors.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the amino acid metabolism pathway and axillary activity enzymes were most abundant in summer,while abundance of carbohydrate-binding modules and carbohydrate esterases was highest in spring.These microbial variations were related to the changes in dietary nutrition,indicating that gut microbiota of plateau pika contribute to the efficient use of food resources.This study provides new evidence of how external environmental factors affect the intestinal environment of small mammals.展开更多
The plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)has been engaged in pest control for many years based on the logic that the plateau pika is responsible for alpine grassland degradation and competes with livestock for forage resou...The plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)has been engaged in pest control for many years based on the logic that the plateau pika is responsible for alpine grassland degradation and competes with livestock for forage resources.However,the plateau pika is an important species which has multiple benefits in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,as it(i)makes burrows that are the primary homes for lizards and a variety of small birds;(ii)creates microhabitat disturbance that promotes the increase of plant species richness;(iii)serves as the principal prey for almost all of the plateau predator species;and(iv)contributes positively to the dynamic equilibriumof alpine ecosystems.展开更多
文摘To determine the influence of the fence on plateau pika (<em>Ochotona curzoniae</em>), we measured the body mass, breeding status, population densities, using live-trapping and line-transect sampling in April and September 2006. In April, body mass of both male and female plateau pika inside of fence were significant higher than that outside of fence (♀: F = 6.583, <em>df</em> = 1.20, <em>p</em> = 0.019;♂: F = 6.49, <em>df</em> = 1.17, <em>p</em> = 0.021). The ratio of spermary drop of an adult male was also higher (92.31% vs 57.14%). In September, body mass of adult male in both study sites showed no significant difference (F = 0.001, <em>df</em> = 1.23, <em>p</em> = 0.975), but were all significant higher than that of April (F = 121.713, <em>df</em> = 1.22, <em>p</em> < 0.001;F = 105.819, <em>df</em> = 1.20, <em>p</em> < 0.001). In April, the population densities of both study sites showed on significant difference (F = 2.388, <em>df</em> = 1.38, <em>p</em> = 0.131), but the population density inside of fence was much higher than that outside of fence (F = 7.534, <em>df</em> = 1.38, <em>p</em> = 0.009) in September. Our results show that the changes of quality and quantity of food that available to plateau pika in winter, can depress the range of reducing body mass of plateau pika, make breeding season ahead, and then promote the increase of population.
基金supported by the Grant from CAS No.152111KYSB20160089Qinghai innovation platform construction project by Chinese Academy of Sciences(2021-ZJ-Y01)+2 种基金the project of western light for interdisciplinary teamScience and Technology Department of Qinghai Province Major Project“Sanjiangyaun National Park Animal Genome Program”the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province(2019-ZJ-7024).
文摘Seasonal variations in gut microbiota of small mammals and how they are influenced by environmental variables are relatively poorly understood.We sampled 162 wild plateau pikas(Ochotona curzoniae)in 4 seasons over 2 and a half years and recorded the air temperature,precipitation,and nutrient content in edible vegetation at the sampling site.After conducting 16S rRNA and shotgun metagenomic sequencing,we found that the highest alpha diversity,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,and the simplest co-occurrence network occurred in winter,whereas the highest relative abundance of Proteobacteria and the most complex network structure were observed in spring.The highest relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota and Spirochaetota was seen in summer and autumn,respectively.Air temperature,precipitation,and the contents of crude protein,crude fiber,and polysaccharide in vegetation had significant effects on the seasonal changes in gut microbiota.Diet contributed more to microbial variation than climatic factors.Metagenomic analysis revealed that the amino acid metabolism pathway and axillary activity enzymes were most abundant in summer,while abundance of carbohydrate-binding modules and carbohydrate esterases was highest in spring.These microbial variations were related to the changes in dietary nutrition,indicating that gut microbiota of plateau pika contribute to the efficient use of food resources.This study provides new evidence of how external environmental factors affect the intestinal environment of small mammals.
文摘The plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae)has been engaged in pest control for many years based on the logic that the plateau pika is responsible for alpine grassland degradation and competes with livestock for forage resources.However,the plateau pika is an important species which has multiple benefits in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,as it(i)makes burrows that are the primary homes for lizards and a variety of small birds;(ii)creates microhabitat disturbance that promotes the increase of plant species richness;(iii)serves as the principal prey for almost all of the plateau predator species;and(iv)contributes positively to the dynamic equilibriumof alpine ecosystems.
