Rescuing“hopeless”avulsed teeth using autologous platelet-rich fibrin following delayed reimplantation:Two case reports

BACKGROUND Tooth avulsion is one of the most severe types of dental trauma.Most avulsed teeth undergo long-term ankylosis and replacement resorption after delayed reimplantation and exhibit a poor prognosis.The aim of this work was to improve the success rate of avulsed teeth after delayed reimplantation using autologous platelet-rich fibrin(PRF).CASE SUMMARY Case 1 was a 14-year-old boy who fell and knocked out his left upper central incisor 18 h prior to his arrival at the department.The diagnoses were avulsion of tooth 21,lateral luxation of tooth 11 and alveolar fracture of teeth 11 and 21.In case 2,a 17-year-old boy fell 2 h prior to his presentation to the hospital,and his left upper lateral incisor was completely knocked out of the alveolar socket.The diagnoses included avulsion of tooth 22,complicated crown fracture of tooth 11and complicated crown-root fracture of tooth 21.The avulsed teeth were reimplanted along with autologous PRF granules and splinted using a semiflexible titanium preshaped labial arch.The root canals of the avulsed teeth were filled with calcium hydroxide paste,and root canal filling was performed 4 wk after reimplantation.The reimplanted teeth showed no symptoms of inflammatory root resorption or ankylosis at the 3-,6-,and 12-mo follow-up examinations after reimplantation with autologous PRF.In addition to the avulsed teeth,the other injured teeth were treated using corresponding conventional treatment methods.CONCLUSION These cases provide examples of the successful use of PRF to reduce pathological root resorption of the avulsed teeth,and the application of PRF may provide new healing opportunities for traditionally“hopeless”avulsed teeth.

Therapeutic Effectiveness of Leukocyte-and Platelet-rich Fibrin for Diabetic Foot Ulcers:A Retrospective Study

Objective Diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)is one of the most serious complications of diabetes.Leukocyte-and platelet-rich fibrin(L-PRF)is a second-generation autologous platelet-rich plasma.This study aims to investigate the clinical effects of L-PRF in patients with diabetes in real clinical practice.Methods Patients with DFU who received L-PRF treatment and standard of care(SOC)from 2018 to 2019 in Tongji Hospital were enrolled.The clinical information including patient characteristics,wound evaluation(area,severity,infection,blood supply),SOC of DFU,and images of ulcers was retrospectively extracted and analyzed.L-PRF treatment was performed every 7±2 days until the ulcer exhibited complete epithelialization or an overall percent volume reduction(PVR)greater than 80%.Therapeutic effectiveness,including overall PVR and the overall and weekly healing rates,was evaluated.Results Totally,26 patients with DFU were enrolled,and they had an ulcer duration of 47.0(35.0,72.3)days.The severity and infection of ulcers varied,as indicated by the Site,Ischemia,Neuropathy,Bacterial Infection,and Depth(SINBAD)scores of 2–6,Wagner grades of 1–4,and the Perfusion,Extent,Depth,Infection and Sensation(PEDIS)scores of 2–4.The initial ulcer volume before L-PRF treatment was 4.94(1.50,13.83)cm3,and the final ulcer volume was 0.35(0.03,1.76)cm3.The median number of L-PRF doses was 3(2,5).A total of 11 patients achieved complete epithelialization after the fifth week of treatment,and 19 patients achieved at least an 80%volume reduction after the seventh week.The overall wound-healing rate was 1.47(0.63,3.29)cm3/week,and the healing rate was faster in the first 2 weeks than in the remaining weeks.Concurrent treatment did not change the percentage of complete epithelialization or healing rate.Conclusion Adding L-PRF to SOC significantly improved wound healing in patients with DFU independent of the ankle brachial index,SINBAD score,or Wagner grade,indicating that this method is appropriate for DFU treatment under different clinical conditions.

Flapless immediate implant placement into fresh molar extraction socket using platelet-rich fibrin: A case report

BACKGROUND There are some challenges concerning immediate implant placement in the molar region.Platelet-rich fibrin(PRF),an autologous biomaterial,has been used widely for periodontal intra-bony defects,sinus augmentation,socket preservation,and gingival recession.However,the literature remains scarce for reports on immediate implants with PRF,particularly in the case of fresh molar extraction socket.CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 43-year-old woman with maxillary molar vertical crown-root fracture.She underwent flapless immediate implant placement into the fresh molar socket with PRF.At the follow-up visit 15 d post procedure,the vascularization of soft tissue was visible.There was no swelling or pain after the surgery.Six months postoperatively,the regeneration of bone and soft tissues was visible.Subsequently,the definitive restoration was placed.The patient was satisfied with the aesthetic outcomes.CONCLUSION The flapless immediate implant placement into the fresh molar socket with PRF is a feasible procedure.This case report demonstrates that PRF promotes bone and soft tissue regeneration apart from having an enhanced anti-inflammatory ability.Furthermore,the procedure involves a minimally invasive technique,thus reducing the surgical complexity.

Peri-implant keratinized gingiva augmentation using xenogeneic collagen matrix and platelet-rich fibrin:A case report

BACKGROUND Keratinized gingival insufficiency is a disease attributed to long-term tooth loss,can severely jeopardizes the long-term health of implants.A simple and effective augmentation surgery method should be urgently developed.CASE SUMMARY A healthy female patient,45-year-old,requested implant restoration of the her left mandibular first molar and second molar.Before considering a stage II,as suggested from the probing depth measurements,the widths of the mesial,medial,and distal buccal keratinized gingiva of second molar(tooth#37)were measured and found to be 0.5 mm,0.5 mm,and 0 mm,respectively.This suggested that the gingiva was insufficient to resist damage from bacterial and mechanical stimulation.Accordingly,modified apically repositioned flap(ARF)surgery combined with xenogeneic collagen matrix(XCM)and platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)was employed to increase the width of gingival tissue.After 1 mo of healing,the widths of mesial,medial,and distal buccal keratinized gingiva reached 4 mm,4 mm,and 3 mm,respectively,and the thickness of the augmented mucosa was 4.5 mm.Subsequently,through the second-stage operation,the patient obtained an ideal soft tissue shape around the implant.CONCLUSION For cases with keratinized gingiva widths around implants less than 2mm􀀀the soft tissue width and thickness could be increased by modified ARF surgery combined with XCM and PRF.Moreover,this surgery significantly alleviated patients’pain and ameliorated oral functional comfort.

Implant site development using titanium plate and platelet-rich fibrin for congenitally missed maxillary lateral incisors:A case report

BACKGROUND Bone deficiency and soft tissue atrophy in the absence of maxillary lateral incisors are among the most challenging problems for implant clinicians.Autologous bone grafting is the gold standard for bone augmentation,but not without limitations.Platelet-rich fibrin(PRF),a biodegradable autologous biomaterial,has been widely used for bone and soft tissue management.Moreover,titanium plate is an advantageous barrier due to its good space-maintaining ability.However,there is a lack of literature on implant site development using titanium plate and PRF for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors.CASE SUMMARY The patient was a 19-year-old girl with a congenitally missing tooth(#12).She underwent implant placement and simultaneous autologous bone grafting with titanium plate and PRF.At the follow-up visit 15 d post-procedure,the vascularization of soft tissue was visible.There was no swelling or pain after the surgery.Six months postoperatively,bone regeneration was evident.Subsequently,the definitive restoration was placed,and the patient was satisfied with the esthetic outcomes.CONCLUSION Implant site development using titanium plate and PRF for congenitally missing maxillary lateral incisors is a feasible procedure.In this case,the labial bone plate was displaced but remained connected to the base bone,ensuring blood supply.The titanium plate fixed the labial bone plate and maintained the osteogenic space,while the PRF provided growth factors and leukocytes for bone and soft tissue regeneration.Furthermore,the procedure reduced the surgical complexity and adverse reactions,displaying outstanding esthetic outcomes.

Platelet-rich fibrin-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into osteoblast-like cells and neural cells

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were allowed to develop for 14 days in a platelet-rich fibrin environment.Results demonstrated that platelet-rich fibrin significantly promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.In addition,there was a dose-dependent increase in Runt-related transcription factor-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-2 mRNA expression,as well as neuron-specific enolase and glial acidic protein.Results showed that platelet-rich fibrin promoted bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation of osteoblast-like cells and neural cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics with platelet-rich fibrin in an adult patient with periodontal disease:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND In the clinical scenario,adult patients with periodontal diseases and dental malformation,characterized by dental crowding in lower anterior teeth with the thin biotype,often require orthodontic treatment.This case report aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)combined with autologous platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)in an adult patient with class I malocclusion along with dental crowding,a thin periodontal biotype,and buccal plate deficiency.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old female complaining of dental crowding and gingival bleeding was referred to the orthodontic clinic.The patient underwent periodontal risk assessment prior to orthodontic treatment.She was diagnosed with a high risk of gingival recession due to dental crowding,root prominence,loss of buccal plates,and a thin gingival tissue biotype.The treatment regimen included PAOO combined with autologous PRF for alveolar augmentation and interproximal enamel reduction for moderate dental crowding.Clinically,PAOO-assisted orthodontic tooth movement in this case showed enhanced periodontium remodeling.Radiographic outcomes also showed statistically significant improvements(P<0.01)in the mandibular buccal alveolar bone.CONCLUSION This case report suggests the combination of autologous PRF with PAOO to enhance bone augmentation and long-term tissue support in adult orthodontic patients with periodontal disease.

Early therapeutic effect of platelet-rich fibrin combined with allogeneic bone marrow-derived stem cells on rats’ critical-sized mandibular defects

BACKGROUND Critically sized bone defects represent a significant challenge to orthopaedic surgeons worldwide.These defects generally result from severe trauma or resection of a whole large tumour.Autologous bone grafts are the current gold standard for the reconstruction of such defects.However,due to increased patient morbidity and the need for a second operative site,other lines of treatment should be introduced.To find alternative unconventional therapies to manage such defects,bone tissue engineering using a combination of suitable bioactive factors,cells,and biocompatible scaffolds offers a promising new approach for bone regeneration.AIM To evaluate the healing capacity of platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)membranes seeded with allogeneic mesenchymal bone marrow-derived stem cells(BMSCs)on critically sized mandibular defects in a rat model.METHODS Sixty-three Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to bilateral bone defects of critical size in the mandibles created by a 5-mm diameter trephine bur.Rats were allocated to three equal groups of 21 rats each.Group I bone defects were irrigated with normal saline and designed as negative controls.Defects of group II were grafted with PRF membranes and served as positive controls,while defects of group III were grafted with PRF membranes seeded with allogeneic BMSCs.Seven rats from each group were killed at 1,2 and 4 wk.The mandibles were dissected and prepared for routine haematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining,Masson's trichrome staining and CD68 immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS Four weeks postoperatively,the percentage area of newly formed bone was significantly higher in group III(0.88±0.02)than in groups I(0.02±0.00)and II(0.60±0.02).The amount of granulation tissue formation was lower in group III(0.12±0.02)than in groups I(0.20±0.02)and II(0.40±0.02).The number of inflammatory cells was lower in group III(0.29±0.03)than in groups I(4.82±0.08)and II(3.09±0.07).CONCLUSION Bone regenerative quality of critically sized mandibular bone defects in rats was better promoted by PRF membranes seeded with BMSCs than with PRF membranes alone.

Comparative evaluation of effect of injectable platelet-rich fibrin with collagen membrane compared with collagen membrane alone for gingival recession coverage

BACKGROUND Collagen membrane and platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)have emerged as vital biomaterials in the field of periodontal regeneration.Minimally invasive techniques are being preferred by most periodontists,as it is patient compliant with fewer post-surgical complications as compared to conventional surgical techniques.Thus,in this study we have evaluated the effect of injectable PRF(i-PRF)with collagen membrane compared with collagen membrane alone using vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access(VISTA)technique for gingival recession coverage.AIM To compare the efficacy of VISTA using collagen membrane with collagen membrane soaked in injectable PRF for gingival recession coverage.METHODS A split mouth randomized controlled clinical trial was designed;13 subjects having at least 2 teeth indicated for recession coverage were enrolled in this study.The sites were randomly assigned to control group(VISTA using collagen membrane alone)and the test group(VISTA using collagen membrane with i-PRF).The clinical parameters assessed were pocket depth,recession depth(RD),recession width(RW),relative attachment level,keratinised tissue width(KTW),keratinised tissue thickness(KTT),and percentage root coverage.RESULTS RD showed a statistically significant difference between the test group at 3 mo(0.5±0.513)and 6 mo(0.9±0.641)and the control group at 3 mo(0.95±0.51)and 6 mo(1.5±0.571),with P values of 0.008 and 0.04,respectively.RW also showed a statistically significant difference between the test group at 3 mo(1±1.026)and 6 mo(1.65±1.04)and the control group at 3 mo(1.85±0.875)and 6 mo(2.25±0.759),with P values of 0.008 and 0.001,respectively.Results for KTW showed statistically significant results between the test group at 1 mo(2.85±0.489),3 mo(3.5±0.513),and 6 mo(3.4±0.598)and the control group at 1 mo(2.45±0.605),3 mo(2.9±0.447),and 6 mo(2.75±0.444),with P values of 0.04,0.004,and 0.003,respectively.Results for KTT also showed statistically significant results between test group at 1 mo(2.69±0.233),3 mo(2.53±0.212),and 6 mo(2.46±0.252)and the control group at 1 mo(2.12±0.193),3 mo(2.02±0.18),and 6 mo(1.91±0.166),with P values of 0.001,0.001,and 0.001,respectively.The test group showed 91.6%,81.6%,and 67%root coverage at 1 mo,3 mo,and 6 mo,while the control group showed 82.3%,66.4%,and 53.95%of root coverage at 1 mo,3 mo,and 6 mo,respectively.CONCLUSION The use of minimally invasive VISTA technique along with collagen membrane and injectable form of platelet-rich fibrin can be successfully used as a treatment method for multiple or isolated gingival recessions of Miller’s class-I and class-II defects.

Autologous platelet-rich-fibrin-induced revascularization sequelae:Two case reports Autologous platelet-rich-fibrin-induced revascularization sequelae:Two case reports

BACKGROUND A key requirement for biomimetic regeneration of tissues is a 3D scaffold.The gold standard scaffold for revascularization is the blood clot,however,an adequate blood clot cannot always be achieved in narrow canals or mature roots.Hereby,we document the effects of platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)for the regenerative endodontic treatment(RET)of two immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulps for up to 48 mo.CASES SUMMARY The first patient was a 22-year-old female with history of trauma in tooth#9 with a sinus tract and a large periapical lesion.The second was a 9-year-old male presenting with a badly decayed tooth#14.Both cases were treated with RET and PRF prepared from the patients’blood.PRF and its extract were used as a scaffold for RET.Patients were followed-up to 9 and 48 mo(4 years),respectively.Both patients,were asymptomatic after treatment.At the 9-mo-follow-up of case#1,there was radiographic evidence of periapical bone healing,however,the root apex was still open.In case#2,the roots exhibited apical closure and normal periapical bone architecture at 12-mo follow-up,while no root lengthening was observed.After 48 mo,case#2 showed extensive intracanal calcification in all root canals that complicated conventional root canal treatment.CONCLUSION RET with PRF and its extract could be used in revascularization of immature permanent teeth.However,proper case selection to comply with long-term follow-up is necessary and adverse events such as calcification and canal obliteration should be planned for.

Evaluating the Benefits of Platelet Rich-Fibrin in Periodontal Regeneration: A Literature Review

Introduction: Platelet Rich-Fibrin (PRF) is a biological matrix derived from a patient’s own blood, rich in growth factors and platelets. Its use in various periodontal and non-periodontal procedures is gaining recognition due to its potential in promoting tissue regeneration. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the benefits of using PRF in intra-bony defect regeneration, guided-bone regeneration, and sinus floor elevation. Methods: The study searched PubMed for manuscripts published between 2017 and 2022 to better understand the clinical and radiological effects of PRF. The manuscripts were divided into the following sections: intra-bony defect regeneration, guided-bone regeneration, and sinus floor elevation. Results: In intra-bony defects, PRF improved clinical and radiological parameters when compared with OFD alone, with a significant difference in wound healing at 7 days. In GBR, a CBCT evaluation shows no statistical difference between the PRF-autogenous bone complex group and the bovine bone-collagen membrane complex regarding volume change of the augmented bone with a 16% rate of bone loss following a 6-month healing period. Also, a slight increase in bone thickness has been seen when liquid PRF is used. In sinus floor elevation, results revealed no differences in graft volume between PRF group and control group at any of the evaluated time points. Although higher implant stability immediately postoperatively, higher new bone formation, the lesser amount of residual graft and earlier implant placement. Conclusion: Platelet Rich-Fibrin is widely accepted for use in periodontal surgery and dentistry due to its minimally invasive nature and low risk of adverse effects, with positive results in tissue regeneration. There is evidence that PRF leads to improved and faster healing, as well as cost-effective regenerative procedures compared to other treatments.

自体富血小板纤维蛋白应用于根尖周炎磨牙即刻种植1例报告及文献复习

目的:将自体富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)单独应用于根尖周炎磨牙即刻种植,观察其临床疗效并探讨其作用机制,以拓宽其临床应用并为其临床实践提供指导。方法:收集1例将PRF单独应用于根尖周炎磨牙即刻种植患者的临床资料,采用锥形束CT(CBCT)和口腔扫描数据三维重建的方法对种植体周围组织改变量进行评估,并结合相关文献分析PRF的治疗方法和治疗效果。结果:采用微创拔除患者46患牙行即刻种植的治疗方法。术前取患者自体血液30 mL(3管),将血液置于不含抗凝剂的10 mL玻璃涂层塑料管中,采用3000 r·min-1离心10 min的方法制备3枚PRF,并将其作为唯一材料充填跳跃间隙。治疗后采用CBCT和口腔扫描三维重建对比分析,术后6个月时,种植体周围骨组织增加203.19 mm^(3),颊侧骨高度增加5.83 mm,且颊侧骨组织增加量大于1 mm;术后12个月时,种植体周软硬组织基本保持稳定。结论:将自体PRF单独应用于根尖周炎磨牙即刻种植,获得了良好的治疗效果,种植体周骨组织再生且种植体周软硬组织基本保持稳定。

黏性骨在口腔临床治疗中的应用研究进展

在口腔医学领域中,黏性骨(sticky bone)一般指由第二代血浆基质制品可注射型富血小板纤维蛋白(injectable platelet rich fibrin,i-PRF)与一定质量的骨增量材料(bone grafting materials)混合制备而成的凝胶团块状骨移植物。黏性骨既富含血浆基质所提供的生长因子和纤维蛋白支架等组织再生所需基本要素,又具备一定的可塑性,在骨增量、上颌窦底提升和牙槽嵴保存等临床治疗中有着广阔的应用前景。本文总结临床经验和相关研究,对黏性骨的基本情况和目前在临床治疗中应用作一介绍,以期为后续研究提供参考。

即刻种植联合富血小板纤维蛋白固定种植体在前牙缺失治疗中的疗效及对患者龈沟液骨桥蛋白的影响

目的:探究即刻种植联合使用患者富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)固定种植体在前牙缺失治疗中的疗效及对患者龈沟液骨桥蛋白(OPN)水平的影响。方法:选择前牙缺失患者82例,依照随机数字表法分为两组各41例,对照组即刻种植,观察组在对照组基础上联合PRF。对比两组总有效、OPN、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨保护素(OPG)、软垢指数、龈沟出血指数、菌斑指数、种植体周围骨密度、唇腭向骨厚度、唇腭向骨高度。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前,两组OPN、ALP、OPG比较,无统计学差异(均P>0.05);术后30d,观察组OPN、ALP水平及软垢、龈沟出血、菌斑指数较对照组降低,而OPG高于对照组(均P<0.05)。在术后6、12周,观察组种植体周围骨密度、唇腭向骨厚度、唇腭向骨高度高于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论:即刻种植联合使用PRF在前牙缺失即刻种植中具有较为理想疗效,有利于改善骨代谢。

富血小板纤维蛋白植入牙槽窝保存术对后牙拔除患者牙槽嵴吸收的影响

目的 探讨后牙拔除富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)植入牙槽窝保存术对患者牙槽嵴吸收的影响。方法 回顾性选取2021年10月至2023年10月宣城市人民医院收治的后牙拔除患者66例作为研究对象,依据拔牙后牙槽窝保存术所用种植材料不同分为PRF植入牙槽窝保存术组(PRF植入组)、海奥胶原膜植入牙槽窝保存术组(海奥胶原膜植入组)两组,每组各33例。比较两组患者的拟可种种植体长度、直径分布情况、早期软组织愈合情况、骨密度、牙槽嵴宽度、牙槽嵴高度、牙槽嵴骨量、牙龈乳头高度、疼痛程度、矿化骨部分填充量和创面愈合时间。结果 PRF植入组患者的拟可种种植体长度8 mm比例为9.09%,低于海奥胶原膜植入组(45.45%),10、12 mm比例分别为63.64%、27.27%,均明显高于海奥胶原膜植入组(42.42%,12.12%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PRF植入组患者拟可种种植体的直径4.1 mm比例为39.39%,明显低于海奥胶原膜植入组(66.67%),4.8 mm比例为60.61%,明显高于海奥胶原膜植入组(33.33%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者早期软组织愈合情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PRF植入组患者修复后的骨密度、牙槽嵴宽度、牙槽嵴高度、临床附着水平(CAL)均高于海奥胶原膜植入组,牙龈退缩低于海奥胶原膜植入组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PRF植入组患者的牙龈乳头高度0~Ⅰ级比例为60.61%,明显高于海奥胶原膜植入组(36.36%),Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级、Ⅳ级比例分别为33.33%,3.03%,3.03%,均明显低于海奥胶原膜植入组(45.45%,12.12%,6.06%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PRF植入组患者的视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale, VAS)评分明显低于海奥胶原膜植入组,矿化骨部分填充量明显多于海奥胶原膜植入组,创面愈合时间明显短于海奥胶原膜植入组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 后牙拔除PRF植入牙槽窝保存术较海奥胶原膜植入牙槽窝保存术更能减少患者牙槽嵴的吸收。

Autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics:Different types and their effectiveness in managing knee osteoarthritis

Knees are the most commonly impacted weight-bearing joints in osteoarthritis(OA),affecting millions of people worldwide.With increasing life spans and obesity rates,the incidence of knee OA will further increase,leading to a significant increase in the economic burden.Conventional treatment modalities utilized to manage knee OA have limitations.Over the last decade,the role of various autologous peripheral blood-derived orthobiologics(APBOs)for the treatment of knee OA has been extensively investigated.This editorial provided an overview and focused on defining and shedding light on the current state of evidence based on the most recent published clinical studies concerning the use of APBO for the management of knee OA.While numerous studies have demonstrated promising results for these preparations,a notable gap exists in the comparative analysis of these diverse formulations.This absence of head-to-head studies poses a considerable challenge for physicians/surgeons in determining the optimal preparation for managing knee OA and achieving sustained longterm results.Thus,more adequately powered,multicenter,prospective,doubleblind,randomized controlled trials with longer follow-ups are needed to establish the long-term efficacy and to aid physicians/surgeons in determining the optimal APBO for the management of knee OA.

富血小板纤维蛋白用于上颌窦内提升术同期种植修复的效果探究

目的:探讨富血小板纤维蛋白(Platelet-rich fibrin,PRF)用于上颌窦内提升术(Osteotome sinus floor elevation,OSFE)同期种植修复效果。方法:选取2019年8月-2021年8月笔者医院收治的80例行上颌窦内提升术并同期种植修复的患者,随机分为对照组和实验组,各40例,对照组植入人工骨粉,实验组在对照组的基础上植入PRF。比较两组患者术后视觉模拟评分法(Visual analogue scales,VAS)评分、肿胀程度、骨密度、稳定系数(Implant stability quotient,ISQ)。结果:两组术后1、2、3 d VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组术后2、3 d肿胀程度均低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组术后3个月的骨密度低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组术后6、12个月ISQ均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:PRF用于OSFE同期种植修复,可以降低肿胀程度,促进新骨形成,提高种植体稳定性。

富血小板纤维蛋白联合骨填充材料在上颌窦底提升术中的应用效果

目的:观察富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)联合骨填充材料在上颌窦底提升术中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年3月至2023年3月于该院行上颌窦底提升术的110例患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各55例。对照组采用骨填充材料植入,观察组在对照组基础上联合PRF植入。比较两组术后疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]评分、种植体稳定系数(ISQ)值、新生骨高度,并发症发生率以及种植体存留率。结果:术后12、24 h,观察组VAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3、6个月,观察组ISQ值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后6个月,观察组近中、远中新生骨高度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为1.82%(1/55),低于对照组的16.36%(9/55),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组种植体存留率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:PRF联合骨填充材料应用于上颌窦底提升术患者可降低术后疼痛评分和并发症发生率,提高术后ISQ值和新生骨高度,效果优于单用骨填充材料。

Evolution,current status and advances in application of platelet concentrate in periodontics and implantology

Platelet concentrates(PC) [platelet-rich plasma(PRP) and platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)] are frequently used for surgical procedures in medical and dental fields,particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgery,plastic surgery and sports medicine.The objective of all these technologies is to extract all the elements from a blood sample that could be used to improve healing and promote tissue regeneration.Although leukocyte rich and leukocyte poor PRP's have their own place in literature,the importance of non-platelet components in a platelet concentrate remains a mystery.PC have come a long way since its first appearance in 1954 to the T-PRF,A-PRF and i-PRF introduced recently.These PC find varied applications successfully in periodontics and implant dentistry as well.However,the technique of preparation,standing time,transfer process,temperature of centrifuge,vibration,etc.,are the various factors for the mixed results reported in the literature.Until the introduction of a proper classification of terminologies,the PC were known by different names in different countries and by different commercial companies which also created a lot of confusion.This review intends to clarify all these confusion by briefing the exact evolution of PC,their preparation techniques,recent advances and their various clinical and technical aspects and applications.

Platelet-rich plasma gel in combination with Schwann cells for repair of sciatic nerve injury

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from New Zealand white rabbits, culture-expanded and differentiated into Schwann cell-like cells. Autologous platelet-dch plasma and Schwann cell-like cells were mixed in suspension at a density of 1 x 106 cells/mL, prior to introduction into a poly （lactic-co-glycolic acid） conduit. Fabricated tissue-engineered nerves were implanted into rabbits to bridge 10 mm sciatic nerve defects （platelet-rich plasma group）. Controls were established using fibrin as the seeding matrix for Schwann cell-like cells at identical density to construct tissue-engineered nerves （fibrin group）. Twelve weeks after implantation, toluidine blue staining and scanning electron microscopy were used to demonstrate an increase in the number of regenerating nerve fibers and thickness of the myelin sheath in the platelet-rich plasma group compared with the fibrin group. Fluoro-gold retrograde labeling revealed that the number of Fluoro-gold-positive neurons in the dorsal root ganglion and the spinal cord anterior horn was greater in the platelet-rich plasma group than in the fibrin group. Electrophysiological examination confirmed that compound muscle action potential and nerve conduction velocity were superior in the platelet-rich plasma group compared with the fibrin group. These results indicate that autologous platelet-rich plasma gel can effectively serve as a seeding matrix for Schwann cell-like cells to construct tissue-engineered nerves to promote perJpheral nerve regeneration.