Palladium,Platinum and Gold Concentrations in Fengshan Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit,Hubei Province,China

The Fengshan porphyry-skarn copper-molybdenum （Cu-Mo） deposit is located in the south-eastern Hubei Province in east China. Cu-Mo mineralization is hosted in the Fengshan granodiorite porphyry stock that intruded the Triassic Daye Formation carbonate rocks in the early Cretaceous （-140 Ma）, as well as the contact zone between granodiorite porphyry stock and carbonate rocks, forming the porphyry-type and skaru-type association. The Fengshan granodiorite stock and the immediate country rocks are strongly fractured and intensely altered by hydrothermal fluids. In addition to intense skarn alteration, the prominent alteration types are potassic, phyllic, and propylitic, whereas argiilation is less common. Mineralization occurs as veins, stock works, and disseminations, and the main ore minerals are chalcopyrite, pyrite, molybdenite, bornite, and magnetite. The contents of palladium, platinum and gold （Pd, Pt and Au） are determined in nine samples from fresh and mineralized granodiorite and different types of altered rocks. The results show that the Pd content is systematically higher than Pt, which is typical for porphyry ore deposits worldwide. The Pt content ranges from 0.037 tol.765 ppb, and the Pd content ranges between 0.165 and 17.979 ppb. Pd and Pt are more concentrated in porphyry mineralization than skarn mineralization, and have negative correlations with Au. The reconnaissance study presented here confirms the existence of Pd and Pt in the Fengshan porphyry-skarn Cu-Mo deposit. When compared with intracontinent and island arc geotectonic settings, the Pd, Pt, and Au contents in the Fengshan porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in the intracontinent is lower than the continental margin types and island are types. A combination of available data indicates that Pd and Pt were derived from oxidized alkaline magmas generated by the partial melting of an enriched mantle source.

Palladium,Platinum and Gold Concentrations in the Fengshan Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit,Hubei Province,China

The Fengshan porphyry-skam copper-molybdenum deposit is located in the southeastern Hubei Province, East China.Cu-Mo mineralization is hosted in the Fengshan quartz diorite porphyry stock that intruded the Triassic Daye Formation of carbonate rocks in the early Cretaceous(ca.140 Ma),as well as in the contact zone between these two,forming

Extraction of gold, palladium, and platinum from acidic media with cyclic sulfoxide derivative

The extraction of gold （Ⅲ）, palladium （Ⅱ）, and platinum （Ⅳ） from the acidic media with the cyclic sulfoxide derivative of α-dodecyl-tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide （dtmso） was investigated. Gold （Ⅲ）, palladium （Ⅱ）, and platinum （Ⅳ） could be separated from the acidic media with suitable sulfoxide concentration and acidity. The extraction reaction of gold （Ⅲ）, palladium （Ⅱ） or platinum （Ⅳ） is exothermic when dtmso is used as an extracting reagent. The coordination number was studied by the slope method. The results indicate that, in high acidity, the dtmso coordination number for extracting gold （Ⅲ） or palladium （Ⅱ） is 3, and that for platinum （Ⅳ） is 2. UV and FT-IR spectra were used to analyze the structure of the complex. Gold （Ⅲ） is coordinated with the oxygen atom in S=O group in dtmso, and palladium （Ⅱ） or platinum （Ⅳ） is coordinated with the sulfur atom in S=O group in dtmso.

Platinum and Palladium Abundances in Floodplain Sediments and Their Geochemical Provinces

Results obtained from the wide spaced floodplain sediments indicate that the abundances of Pt and Pd in floodplain sediments are 0.46 ng/g and 0.40 ng/g, respectively. Three geochemical provinces, Yunnan Guizhou, Xinjiang Gansu and Tibet of Pt and Pd with a content of 0.8 ng/g, were delineated.

Chemical composition of the ore and occurrence state of the elements in Jingbaoshan platinum-palladium deposit

The Jingbaoshan platinum-palladium deposit is China’s largest independent PGM (platinum-group met- als) deposit so far discovered. There are eleven kinds of useful components in the ore: Pt, Pd, Os, Ir, Ru, Rh, Au, Ag, Cu, Ni, and Co. The platinum-group elements, gold and silver occur in the form of minerals in ores. twenty-five kinds of precious metal minerals have been found, of which twenty one belong to the platinum-group minerals. The minerals are very small in grain size. Copper occurs mainly as copper sulfide with a small amount of free copper oxide, and the beneficiated copper accounts for 95.21%. Nickel occurs mainly as nickel sulfide, and some nickel silicate and nickel oxide occur in the ore. The beneficiated nickel accounts for 72.03%. Cobalt occurs mainly as co- balt sulfide, and there are some cobalt oxide and other kinds of cobalt. The beneficiated cobalt accounts for 77.58%.

Liquid Etherification of Alkoxybenzyl Alcohols, Cinnamyl Alcohols and Fluorinated Phenylalkenols with Platinum on Carbon (Pt/C) and Palladium on Carbon (Pd/C)

In the presence of either Pd/C or Pt/C, 4-alkoxybenzyl alcohols, 4-alkoxy-phenylalkyl alcohols and cinnamyl alcohols undergo liquid etherification to bis(4-alkoxybenzyl) ethers, bis[(4-alkoxybenzyl)alkyl] ethers and bis(cin-namyl) ethers at temperatures of 100°C - 135°C. In a number of cases, Pt/C and Pd/C as catalysts, also when they are doped with Ru, show distinct differences when the reactions run in air, with an oxidative dehydrogenation of the alcohols as side-reaction, yielding the corresponding ketones and aldehydes as by-products. Also, the reactivity of fluorinated phenylalkenols under these conditions has been investigated. Furthermore, the immobilization of alkyl aryl ethers on silica within a column with passage of hexane as solvent was found to lead to the formation and elution of styrenes from the column in fair yield.

Nanoparticles of Palladium, Platinum and Silver:Incoporation into Perfluoro-Sulfonated Membrane MF-4SK and Ionic Nafion

The purpose of the investigation is the study of the physico-chemical properties and electro-catalytic characteristics of the Nafion and MF-4SK membranes with the author’s nanoparticles (A. Revina, 2008) incorporated into the perfluoro- sulphonated cationic membranes. An important advance in the creation of new nano-composite materials with poly-functional activity is the inclusion of nanoparticles of various metals (Pd, Pt, Ag) in these membranes. Polymer ion exchange membranes represent widely applicable materials in various areas of modern nanotechnologies. The obtained nanocomposites on the base of included nanoparticles have the perspective properties and polyfunctional activity for the applications.

铂钯铑分离提纯过程及铑的分布规律

以溶液中铂、钯、铑的短流程与高效分离为目标,系统研究了贵液中铂、钯、铑的分离提纯及铑的分散规律,探索了通过NH4Cl沉铂—氧化沉钯—DETA沉铑流程对贵液中的铂、钯、铑进行分离提纯。分离铂、钯后液中的铑仅占全部铑的20%左右,铑在铂、钯精炼提纯工序分别分散了14.59%、65.33%。对于钯、铑混合物沉淀采用DETA沉淀法优先分离铑的策略,一次沉淀直收率达77.25%,极大简化了铑的分离流程。

直接灼烧ICP-AES法测定活性炭中金钯铂的含量

本文研究了活性炭经过马弗炉直接灼烧,王水溶解,通过ICP-AES法测定活性炭中金、钯、铂元素的分析方法,进行了仪器最佳分析条件的选择,考察了不同灼烧方式、时间对测定的影响,探讨了灼烧过程中金、钯、铂质量的变化。试验结果表明:在选定条件下,元素金、钯、铂几乎没有损失,金、钯、铂的精密度RSD(n=11)分别为0.29%~0.55%、0.87%~2.40%、0.34%~1.59%,分析结果与火试金结果对照数据吻合。该方法的准确度和精密度能够满足活性炭中金、钯、铂元素的分析要求。

单一酸密闭消解-电感耦合等离子体法测定催化剂中Pt、Pd含量

建立了单一酸密闭消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)分析方法,测定催化重整(简称重整)生成油脱烯烃催化剂中的Pt、Pd含量。研究了前处理和消解条件对催化剂消解的影响,对比了单一酸消解法和常规混合酸消解法的消解效果,系统讨论了Pt和Pd分析谱线选择依据、Al基体对测定元素影响的原因、杂质元素和Pt、Pd元素间干扰对测定结果的影响。确定了单一酸消解的前处理和消解条件为:在空气气氛下,将催化剂样品于550℃灼烧4 h后研磨至粒径120μm以下;称取样品0.2 g,加3 mL浓盐酸,在密闭消解罐内于180℃消解6 h。所建立的方法与常规混合酸消解法相比,简便快捷,结果准确,同时还具有用酸量少、对实验人员和环境友好的优点,可应用于重整生成油脱烯烃催化剂中Pt质量浓度为2.08~12500μg/g、Pd质量浓度为2.67~12500μg/g范围内Pt、Pd含量的精准测定。

冠醚与铂/钯配合物的构建策略研究进展

冠醚作为第一代超分子主体,具有可选择性识别配位的柔性腔穴,被广泛作为基础单元构筑超分子配合物。在众多冠醚超分子配合物中,冠醚与中心原子(Pt或Pd)构建的各类型配合物在响应材料、抗癌药物和催化材料等领域被广泛应用。目前,已开发多种冠醚与中心原子构建的超分子配合物,主要包括离子对型配合物、中性分子配合物以及冠醚环外配位配合物等。依赖冠醚腔穴与离子或中性分子间丰富的配位形式,通过离子偶极和氢键等多种相互作用构筑的配合物展现出多种组装策略。本文从组装策略方面综述冠醚与中心原子构建配合物的结构特征,分析配合物的组装驱动力,总结和归纳冠醚与中心原子形成配合物的构建规律。最后,对冠醚和中心原子组成的离子对型配合物、中性分子配合物和冠醚环外配位配合物的构建策略给出建议,并对其在超分子组装领域的发展趋势进行展望,即以简单配合物作为构建单元,可控组装在催化、响应和吸附材料等领域具有潜在应用价值的如轮烷、锁烃、MOF等新型功能化配合物。

火试金-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定贵金属催化剂中铂、钯含量

贵金属催化剂是一种能改变化学反应速度而本身又不参与反应的新材料,涉及精细化工、基础化工、环保、新能源等领域,由载体和活性组分构成。贵金属催化剂的催化活性组分以钯(Pd)、铂(Pt)、钌(Ru)、铑(Rh)、铱(Ir)、金(Au)等为主,多以Al2O3、SiO_(2)和活性炭为载体。火试金法是经典的贵金属富集方法。试验将火试金法与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)相结合,加入银作为保护剂,富集Pt、Pd形成合粒,王水溶解贵金属合粒后采用ICP-AES测定溶液中Pt、Pd含量。试验结果表明,采用组合方法测定催化剂中Pt、Pd含量,可以消除ICP-AES直接测定催化剂中Pt、Pd时存在的基体干扰,测定结果准确度高,精密度好,加标回收率保持在98.4%~101.2%,方法操作简便快速,可作为催化剂中Pt、Pd测定方法。

氧化焙烧—铅试金—电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定粗硒中金银铂钯

为准确、快速测定粗硒中金、银、铂、钯的含量,建立了氧化焙烧除硒、铅试金法结合电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定粗硒中金、银、铂、钯的方法。实验采用二氧化硅铺底,阶段升温至600℃,焙烧时间2 h,除硒效果较好,且不会造成金、银、铂、钯的损失;当试样量为10.0 g,试金硅酸度为1.0时,熔渣流动性良好,能够得到光滑圆润的贵金属合粒,经硝酸溶解后以盐酸沉淀分离银;选择Pt 265.945 nm、Pd 340.458 nm作为测定谱线进行电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定,铂和钯校准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.999,检出限分别为0.0020 mg/L和0.0018 mg/L,测定下限分别为0.0067 mg/L和0.0061 mg/L。本方法测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=7)为0.47%~5.9%,加标回收率为97.3%~103.0%,准确度和精密度满足生产控制要求。

ICP-OES法同时测定固体废物中碲、钯、铂、锡的含量

对固体废物中碲(Te)、钯(Pd)、铂(Pt)和锡(Sn)的定量分析有助于识别固体废物和危险废物。本文使用9 mL硝酸、2 mL盐酸、3 mL氢氟酸和1 mL过氧化氢对样品进行微波消解,然后进行赶酸和定容,最后,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)测定溶液中Te、Pd、Pt和Sn的含量。本文探讨了预处理的最佳消化温度,分析了仪器不同波长测量结果的差异,并进行检出限测定。结果表明,当消解最高温度为180℃,选择仪器推荐的检测波长时,Te、Pd、Pt、Sn曲线的相关系数在0.9996~0.9999,其检出限为0.1~0.6 mg·kg^(-1);精密度为1.2%~3.3%,回收率为94.1%~102%。该方法检测效率高,精密度、准确度良好,可满足检测和鉴别需求。

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定尾气净化用金属载体催化剂中的铂、钯和铑含量

如何精准地测定汽车尾气催化剂的贵金属含量(铂、钯、铑),对于控制贵金属的成本、回收贵金属及控制催化剂的性能具有重要意义。试验采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法来测定尾气用净化金属载体催化剂中的铂(Pt)、钯(Pd)和铑(Rh)含量。具有而言,含有尾气净化用金属载体催化剂的试样采用盐酸进行预处理,然后加入聚环氧乙烷溶液降低胶粒对过滤的影响,过滤产物在马弗炉(300℃)内进行炭化处理,并加入20 g Na_(2)O_(2),经过沉淀凝聚实现富集分离。最后,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪对分离的铂、钯、铑的含量进行测定。在样品测定过程中,Pt、Pd和Rh的加标回收率分布范围表现良好,分别为97.1%~109.0%、91.0%~101.8%和93.2%~102.2%。该方法具有快速定量分析、检出限较低、精密度良好、动态范围宽的特点,为贵金属检测行业的标准制定奠定了数据理论支撑。

从金还原后液中回收铂钯实验研究

为了更好地完成回收铂钯金属资源目标,本文探讨从金还原后液中回收铂钯工艺的应用。首先阐述回收铂钯工艺,其次分析铂钯回收提取材料、过程,最后得出结果,沉金后液的Au、Pd、Pt具有较好的吸附效果,并且发现含硫沉淀剂加入量和反应温度会对回收效果造成一定程度的影响。该工艺在生产中应用能够获得比较可观的效益,具有推广和应用价值。

铂-钯热电偶高温断裂仿真分析研究

铂-钯热电偶在稳定性和准确度等技术方面优于传统的铂铑10-铂热电偶和铂铑30-铂铑6热电偶,具有广泛的应用前景。但在试验中,发现Pd电极在高温1100℃以上时容易断裂。因此,本文对热电偶点接触结构应力特性进行仿真分析,并设计两种特殊结构形式的铂-钯热电偶。

Distribution of platinum group elements in road dust in the Beijing metropolitan area, China

Dust samples collected from the Beijing metropolitan area （China） were evaluated to determine the distribution and the concentration of platinum group elements （PGEs）. The dust particles that were smaller than 100 mesh size fraction （150 μm） were analyzed after aqua regia digestion. Concentrations ofPt, Rh, and Pd were found to be between 3.96 and 356.3 ng/g, 2.76 and 97.11 ng/g, and 0.1 and 124.9 ng/g, respectively, in the urban areas of Beijing, whereas for the background samples collected from the suburbs of Beijing, the concentrations of Pt, Pd, and Rh were very low and ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 ng/g, 0.5 to 1.4 ng/g, and 0.8 to 2.2 rig/g, respectively. The distributions of PGEs in road dust were an accurate reflection of the levels of pollution and were found to match with the local traffic conditions. A strong positive correlation was established among all the dements found in road dust. This suggests that emissions of abraded fragments from vehicle exhausts may be the source of the high concentration of Pt, Rh, and Pd in road dust along the main roads of Beijing.

Synthesis and Efficiency of a SphericalMacroporous Epoxy-dicyandiamide ChelateResin for Preconcentrating and SeparatingTrace Au, Hg, Pd and Ru from Samples

A novel spherical macroporous epoxy-dicyandiamide chelate resin was synthesized simply and rapidly from epoxy resin and used for the preconcentration and separation of trace amounts of Au (Ⅲ ), Hg (Ⅱ ), Pd (Ⅳ) and Ru (Ⅲ) ions from solution samples. The analyzed ions can be quantitatively concentrated by the resin at a flow rate of 2. 0 mL/min at pH 4, and can also be desorbed with 15 mL of 4 mol/L HCl + 0. 3 g thiourea from the resin column with recoveries of 96. 5%-99. 0%. After the chelate resin was reused for 7 times, the recoveries of these ions were still over 92%, and 400-1 000 times of excess of Fe(Ⅲ ), Al(Ⅲ ), Ni( II), Mn( Ⅱ ), Cr (Ⅲ ), Cu ( Ⅱ ), Cd (Ⅱ ) and Pb (Ⅱ ) caused little interference with the determination of these ions by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES ). The capacities of the resin for the analytes are in the range of 0. 35~0. 92 mmol/g. The RSDs of the proposed method are in the range of 1. 1 % ~4. 0% for each kind of the analyzed ions. The recoveries of a standard added in real solution samples are between 96. 5% and 98. 5%, and the results for the analyzed ions in a powder sample are in good agreement with their reported values.

准确检测液相中氢气浓度的倾斜光纤光栅传感器

为了实现液相中氢气体积分数的准确检测,该文利用钯、氧化硅超疏水溶胶和倾斜光纤光栅制备了氢气传感器。首先,在倾斜光纤光栅表面采用磁控溅射法涂覆了一层致密的钯膜,用于响应氢气体积分数变化信息;然后,采用镀膜提拉法在钯膜表面涂覆一层氧化硅超疏水膜,用于阻止水分子进入钯膜内部,导致钯膜从光纤表面脱落,进而增强了传感器在液相环境下运行的稳定性。实验研究了钯膜厚度对传感器氢敏响应特性的影响,并利用传感器对液相中的氢气体积分数进行了检测。研究结果表明,传感器能准确响应液相中氢气体积分数的变化信息,当钯膜厚度为120 nm时,灵敏度达到-15.29 pm/%,最大相对误差为8.67%。