Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer was cultivated on selected agro wastes viz. cotton stalks, groundnut haulms, soybean straw, pigeon pea stalks; leaves; wheat straw, alone or in combinations. Cotton stalks, pigeon pea...Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer was cultivated on selected agro wastes viz. cotton stalks, groundnut haulms, soybean straw, pigeon pea stalks; leaves; wheat straw, alone or in combinations. Cotton stalks, pigeon pea stalks; wheat straw alone or in combination were found to be more suitable than groundnut haulms; soybean straw for the cultivation. Organic supplements such as groundnut oilseed cake, gram powder; rice bran not only affected growth parameters but also increased yields. Thus bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass by P. sajor-caju offers a promising way to convert low quality biomass into an improved human food.展开更多
The effect of lignin containing natural substrates corn-cob, coir-dust, saw-dust, wheat straw and bagasse particles on the extracellular secretion of laccase in the liquid culture growth medium of Pleurotus sajor-caju...The effect of lignin containing natural substrates corn-cob, coir-dust, saw-dust, wheat straw and bagasse particles on the extracellular secretion of laccase in the liquid culture growth medium of Pleurotus sajor-caju MTCC 141 has been studied. The culture conditions for maximum secretion of laccase by Pleurotus sajor-caju MTCC 141 have been optimized. Homogeneous preparation of laccase from the culture filtrate of the fungus has been achieved using ammonium sulphate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography on DEAE and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The purified enzyme preparation gave a single protein band in SDS-PAGE analysis indicating a molecular weight of 90 kD. The enzymatic characteristics Km, kcat, pH and temperature optima of the purified laccase have been determined using 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol as the substrate and have been found to be 35 μmol/L, 0.30 min-1, 4.5 and 37oC respectively. The Km values for the other substrate like catechol, m-cresol, pyrogallol and syringaldazine have also been determined which were found to be 216 μmol/L, 380 μmol/L, 370 μmol/L and 260 μmol/L respectively.展开更多
Natural polysaccharides named PEP-0.1-1,PEP-0-1 and PEP-0-2 from edible mushroom species Pleurotus eryngii were obtained in the present study.Results showed that molecular weights of these polysaccharides were 3235,20...Natural polysaccharides named PEP-0.1-1,PEP-0-1 and PEP-0-2 from edible mushroom species Pleurotus eryngii were obtained in the present study.Results showed that molecular weights of these polysaccharides were 3235,2041 and 23933 Da,respectively.Further,structural characterization revealed that PEP-0.1-1 had a→4-α-D-Glcp-1→backbone and contained→4)-α-D-Glcp and→4)-β-D-Glcp reducing end groups.PEP-0-1 backbone contained→4-α-D-Glcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-1→,and the side chains containedα-D-Glcp,β-D-Manp-1→andα-D-Glcp-3→.However,PEP-0-2 backbone consisted of→4-α-DGlcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-1→while the side chains containedα-D-Glcp andβ-D-Manp-1→.Biological activity analysis was then carried out and found that all these polysaccharides could significantly suppress the relative mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4,nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells,as well as the over secretion of the above cell cytokines.Moreover,Western blotting analysis revealed that all these purified fractions displayed significant inhibition effects on the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinases protein induced by LPS in mitogen activated protein kinase pathway,along with the relieving on the inhibition effect of LPS on IκB-αprotein expression.In summary,the information generated by the present study could provide a theoretical basis for the exploration of novel healthy food materials from edible mushroom with antiinflammation activities.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. on the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus （oyster mushroom） and to screen effective disinfectants to control them a...[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. on the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus （oyster mushroom） and to screen effective disinfectants to control them and other pathogenic microbes. [Method] Six strains or species of Penicilliurn and Trichoderma were inocu- lated into PDA plates growing with P. ostreatus to observe the growth of their mycelia. And the inhibitory effects of hydrogen peroxide, bromogeramine bromide, 84 disinfectant, lysol, potassium permanganate, and 75% medical alcohol on Trichoderma pleuroticola, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium thomii and Penicillium brevicompactum were detected. [Result] Confrontation test revealed that Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. competed for nutrients with P. ostreatus mycelia, antagonized against the growth of P. ostreatus mycelia, invaded and twined around P. ostreatus mycelia, and also produced toxins poisoning P. ostreatus mycelia. The six disinfectants exhibited different inhibitory effects against different species of Penicillium and Trichoderma. Among them the in- hibitory effects of bromogeramine bromide against the six species of Penicillium and Trichoderma were significantly different. However, the inhibitory effects of 3% hydrogen peroxide, 84 disinfectant, 5% lysol, potassium permanganate and 75% medical alcohol were significantly different among Penicillium spp., but did not among Tri- choderma spp. [Conclusion] Bromogeramine bromide can be used to control the bacteria and fungi in mushroom production for it has significant inhibitory effects on the six species of both Penicillium and Trichoderma.展开更多
In summer, Cha No. 39 of 292 bags and 205 of 244 bags were inter- planted with Dendrobium officinale on cultivation bed, respectively, whose yields and biological efficiencies reached 102.46 kg and 103.98%, and 96.77 ...In summer, Cha No. 39 of 292 bags and 205 of 244 bags were inter- planted with Dendrobium officinale on cultivation bed, respectively, whose yields and biological efficiencies reached 102.46 kg and 103.98%, and 96.77 kg and 113.32%, accordingly. The seedlings of Dendrobium officinale interplanted with Pleurotus os- treatus grew by 2.78 cm during 10 weeks on cultivation beds, and the seedlings grew by 2.68 cm in the cultivation beds without interplanting arrangement. These demonstrated that the interplanting of Dendrobium officinale and Pleurotus ostreatus has none adverse effects on growth of Dendrobium officinale.展开更多
Twelve steroids, including eight ergostane-type sterols and four mono-glucosides of ergostane-type sterols, were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus ( Jacq. : Fr.) Kummer...Twelve steroids, including eight ergostane-type sterols and four mono-glucosides of ergostane-type sterols, were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus ( Jacq. : Fr.) Kummer. A new compound 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-5alpha, 6beta, 9alpha-triol, was structurally elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. The eleven known compounds were 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 9alpha-tetraol; 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-5alpha, 6beta-diol; 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol; 22E, 24R-ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3beta-ol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside; ergosterol; 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3beta-ol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside; 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3beta-ol; 22E, 24R-ergosta-4, 6, 8, 22-tetraen-3-one; 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6alpha-triol; ergosterol peroxide; 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3beta, 5alpha-diol-6-one.展开更多
文摘Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer was cultivated on selected agro wastes viz. cotton stalks, groundnut haulms, soybean straw, pigeon pea stalks; leaves; wheat straw, alone or in combinations. Cotton stalks, pigeon pea stalks; wheat straw alone or in combination were found to be more suitable than groundnut haulms; soybean straw for the cultivation. Organic supplements such as groundnut oilseed cake, gram powder; rice bran not only affected growth parameters but also increased yields. Thus bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass by P. sajor-caju offers a promising way to convert low quality biomass into an improved human food.
基金the financial support of UGC, New Delhi in the form Rajiv Gandhi National JRF. File No. F. 16-22/2006 (SA II), dated 05-03-2007DST Govt. of India,New Delhi for the award of a DST-Young Scientist Fellowship, DO. No. SR/FTP/CS-90/2007, dated 22-04-2008.
文摘The effect of lignin containing natural substrates corn-cob, coir-dust, saw-dust, wheat straw and bagasse particles on the extracellular secretion of laccase in the liquid culture growth medium of Pleurotus sajor-caju MTCC 141 has been studied. The culture conditions for maximum secretion of laccase by Pleurotus sajor-caju MTCC 141 have been optimized. Homogeneous preparation of laccase from the culture filtrate of the fungus has been achieved using ammonium sulphate precipitation, anion exchange chromatography on DEAE and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-100. The purified enzyme preparation gave a single protein band in SDS-PAGE analysis indicating a molecular weight of 90 kD. The enzymatic characteristics Km, kcat, pH and temperature optima of the purified laccase have been determined using 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol as the substrate and have been found to be 35 μmol/L, 0.30 min-1, 4.5 and 37oC respectively. The Km values for the other substrate like catechol, m-cresol, pyrogallol and syringaldazine have also been determined which were found to be 216 μmol/L, 380 μmol/L, 370 μmol/L and 260 μmol/L respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901623)Major Public Welfare Projects in Henan Province(201300110200)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Natural polysaccharides named PEP-0.1-1,PEP-0-1 and PEP-0-2 from edible mushroom species Pleurotus eryngii were obtained in the present study.Results showed that molecular weights of these polysaccharides were 3235,2041 and 23933 Da,respectively.Further,structural characterization revealed that PEP-0.1-1 had a→4-α-D-Glcp-1→backbone and contained→4)-α-D-Glcp and→4)-β-D-Glcp reducing end groups.PEP-0-1 backbone contained→4-α-D-Glcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-1→,and the side chains containedα-D-Glcp,β-D-Manp-1→andα-D-Glcp-3→.However,PEP-0-2 backbone consisted of→4-α-DGlcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-1→while the side chains containedα-D-Glcp andβ-D-Manp-1→.Biological activity analysis was then carried out and found that all these polysaccharides could significantly suppress the relative mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4,nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells,as well as the over secretion of the above cell cytokines.Moreover,Western blotting analysis revealed that all these purified fractions displayed significant inhibition effects on the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinases protein induced by LPS in mitogen activated protein kinase pathway,along with the relieving on the inhibition effect of LPS on IκB-αprotein expression.In summary,the information generated by the present study could provide a theoretical basis for the exploration of novel healthy food materials from edible mushroom with antiinflammation activities.
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. on the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus （oyster mushroom） and to screen effective disinfectants to control them and other pathogenic microbes. [Method] Six strains or species of Penicilliurn and Trichoderma were inocu- lated into PDA plates growing with P. ostreatus to observe the growth of their mycelia. And the inhibitory effects of hydrogen peroxide, bromogeramine bromide, 84 disinfectant, lysol, potassium permanganate, and 75% medical alcohol on Trichoderma pleuroticola, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium thomii and Penicillium brevicompactum were detected. [Result] Confrontation test revealed that Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. competed for nutrients with P. ostreatus mycelia, antagonized against the growth of P. ostreatus mycelia, invaded and twined around P. ostreatus mycelia, and also produced toxins poisoning P. ostreatus mycelia. The six disinfectants exhibited different inhibitory effects against different species of Penicillium and Trichoderma. Among them the in- hibitory effects of bromogeramine bromide against the six species of Penicillium and Trichoderma were significantly different. However, the inhibitory effects of 3% hydrogen peroxide, 84 disinfectant, 5% lysol, potassium permanganate and 75% medical alcohol were significantly different among Penicillium spp., but did not among Tri- choderma spp. [Conclusion] Bromogeramine bromide can be used to control the bacteria and fungi in mushroom production for it has significant inhibitory effects on the six species of both Penicillium and Trichoderma.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Funds for Guangxi Academy of Sciences(13YJ22SWS20)~~
文摘In summer, Cha No. 39 of 292 bags and 205 of 244 bags were inter- planted with Dendrobium officinale on cultivation bed, respectively, whose yields and biological efficiencies reached 102.46 kg and 103.98%, and 96.77 kg and 113.32%, accordingly. The seedlings of Dendrobium officinale interplanted with Pleurotus os- treatus grew by 2.78 cm during 10 weeks on cultivation beds, and the seedlings grew by 2.68 cm in the cultivation beds without interplanting arrangement. These demonstrated that the interplanting of Dendrobium officinale and Pleurotus ostreatus has none adverse effects on growth of Dendrobium officinale.
