Natural polysaccharides named PEP-0.1-1,PEP-0-1 and PEP-0-2 from edible mushroom species Pleurotus eryngii were obtained in the present study.Results showed that molecular weights of these polysaccharides were 3235,20...Natural polysaccharides named PEP-0.1-1,PEP-0-1 and PEP-0-2 from edible mushroom species Pleurotus eryngii were obtained in the present study.Results showed that molecular weights of these polysaccharides were 3235,2041 and 23933 Da,respectively.Further,structural characterization revealed that PEP-0.1-1 had a→4-α-D-Glcp-1→backbone and contained→4)-α-D-Glcp and→4)-β-D-Glcp reducing end groups.PEP-0-1 backbone contained→4-α-D-Glcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-1→,and the side chains containedα-D-Glcp,β-D-Manp-1→andα-D-Glcp-3→.However,PEP-0-2 backbone consisted of→4-α-DGlcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-1→while the side chains containedα-D-Glcp andβ-D-Manp-1→.Biological activity analysis was then carried out and found that all these polysaccharides could significantly suppress the relative mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4,nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells,as well as the over secretion of the above cell cytokines.Moreover,Western blotting analysis revealed that all these purified fractions displayed significant inhibition effects on the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinases protein induced by LPS in mitogen activated protein kinase pathway,along with the relieving on the inhibition effect of LPS on IκB-αprotein expression.In summary,the information generated by the present study could provide a theoretical basis for the exploration of novel healthy food materials from edible mushroom with antiinflammation activities.展开更多
Based on the air temperature (1.0 m and 1.5 m) every 10 minutes, ground temperature (0 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm) and air relative humidity (1.5 m) from the stations in the greenhouse, and the air temperature (1.5 m) every ...Based on the air temperature (1.0 m and 1.5 m) every 10 minutes, ground temperature (0 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm) and air relative humidity (1.5 m) from the stations in the greenhouse, and the air temperature (1.5 m) every 10 minutes and air relative humidity (1.5 m) from the regional stations in Chutouling Town, Jizhou district of Tianjin from April 2019 to November 2020, the changes of the microclimate in the greenhouse of Pleurotus nebrodensis were studied. The results explained that 1) the heat preservation effect of the greenhouse was the best in spring, the effective accumulative temperature and active accumulated temperature in the greenhouse had increased by 203.7°C and 233.7°C, respectively, compared with that outside the greenhouse. In the sunny or cloudy days of summer, the range of temperature difference (TD) between inside and outside the greenhouse was wider, more than 90% of the TD ranged from -6.0°C to 2.9°C;2) the minimum temperature occurred later because of heat preservation effect of the greenhouse, the delay time can reach about 30 minutes in spring, it was about 20 minutes in summer and autumn, and 10 minutes in winter, however, the maximum temperature appeared earlier, it occurred 50 minutes ahead of time in spring, and it has been advanced by 20 minutes in summer and 10 minutes in autumn and winter;3) the greenhouse mainly played a role of increasing humidity, the humidity in the greenhouse basically was larger than that outside the greenhouse, except the periods of 03:10-07:20 in spring, 0:00-08:50 and 23:10-23:50 in winter;4) the temperature in the greenhouse significantly positively correlated with the temperature outside the greenhouse, the stronger correlation also appeared between the ground temperature (at the depth of 0 cm and 10 cm) in the greenhouse and the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse, however, there was a weak correlation between the ground temperature (20 cm) and the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse, this implies that the change of temperature had less impact on the ground temperature at deeper soil layers. This paper is of significance in identifying the microclimate in the Pleurotus nebrodensis greenhouse.展开更多
为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成...为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成分(PCA)模型分析结果显示3个时期平菇菌丝体中的代谢产物具有明显差异。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)>1和差异倍数值(fold change)≥2或≤0.5为条件对MM vs MP、MM vs MF和MP vs MF中的差异代谢物进行比较分析,分别获得139个、147个和67个差异代谢物,变化倍数最大的物质包括氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、生物碱、有机酸等,说明这些差异代谢物对平菇子实体发育具有重要影响。KEGG分析表明,苯丙氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢等20条代谢通路表现活跃。在子实体发育过程中,脂质、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、氨基酸及其衍生物之间明显相关。以上研究结果为平菇子实体发育机制和标准化栽培提供了理论依据。展开更多
为揭示糙皮侧耳原基发育的潜在调控物质,采用代谢组学的方法对糙皮侧耳菌丝体和原基细胞代谢物进行检测分析。结果表明,菌丝体与原基细胞的代谢物具有显著差异。采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the ...为揭示糙皮侧耳原基发育的潜在调控物质,采用代谢组学的方法对糙皮侧耳菌丝体和原基细胞代谢物进行检测分析。结果表明,菌丝体与原基细胞的代谢物具有显著差异。采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)≥1和倍数变化≥2或≤0.5为条件共筛选到400种差异代谢物。调控通路分析表明,这些差异物质涉及33条代谢通路,其中丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸、氨酰tRNA生物合成、嘌呤代谢等8条代谢通路具有极显著影响。谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺涉及p<0.01的大部分代谢通路,可能在糙皮侧耳原基发育过程中具有重要调控作用。研究结果为糙皮侧耳以及其他大型真菌原基发育机制的探索提供了理论依据。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901623)Major Public Welfare Projects in Henan Province(201300110200)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Natural polysaccharides named PEP-0.1-1,PEP-0-1 and PEP-0-2 from edible mushroom species Pleurotus eryngii were obtained in the present study.Results showed that molecular weights of these polysaccharides were 3235,2041 and 23933 Da,respectively.Further,structural characterization revealed that PEP-0.1-1 had a→4-α-D-Glcp-1→backbone and contained→4)-α-D-Glcp and→4)-β-D-Glcp reducing end groups.PEP-0-1 backbone contained→4-α-D-Glcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-1→,and the side chains containedα-D-Glcp,β-D-Manp-1→andα-D-Glcp-3→.However,PEP-0-2 backbone consisted of→4-α-DGlcp-1→and→6-α-3-O-Me-D-Galp-(1→6)-α-D-Galp-1→while the side chains containedα-D-Glcp andβ-D-Manp-1→.Biological activity analysis was then carried out and found that all these polysaccharides could significantly suppress the relative mRNA expression of toll-like receptor 4,nitric oxide(NO),tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1βand IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells,as well as the over secretion of the above cell cytokines.Moreover,Western blotting analysis revealed that all these purified fractions displayed significant inhibition effects on the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinases protein induced by LPS in mitogen activated protein kinase pathway,along with the relieving on the inhibition effect of LPS on IκB-αprotein expression.In summary,the information generated by the present study could provide a theoretical basis for the exploration of novel healthy food materials from edible mushroom with antiinflammation activities.
文摘Based on the air temperature (1.0 m and 1.5 m) every 10 minutes, ground temperature (0 cm, 10 cm and 20 cm) and air relative humidity (1.5 m) from the stations in the greenhouse, and the air temperature (1.5 m) every 10 minutes and air relative humidity (1.5 m) from the regional stations in Chutouling Town, Jizhou district of Tianjin from April 2019 to November 2020, the changes of the microclimate in the greenhouse of Pleurotus nebrodensis were studied. The results explained that 1) the heat preservation effect of the greenhouse was the best in spring, the effective accumulative temperature and active accumulated temperature in the greenhouse had increased by 203.7°C and 233.7°C, respectively, compared with that outside the greenhouse. In the sunny or cloudy days of summer, the range of temperature difference (TD) between inside and outside the greenhouse was wider, more than 90% of the TD ranged from -6.0°C to 2.9°C;2) the minimum temperature occurred later because of heat preservation effect of the greenhouse, the delay time can reach about 30 minutes in spring, it was about 20 minutes in summer and autumn, and 10 minutes in winter, however, the maximum temperature appeared earlier, it occurred 50 minutes ahead of time in spring, and it has been advanced by 20 minutes in summer and 10 minutes in autumn and winter;3) the greenhouse mainly played a role of increasing humidity, the humidity in the greenhouse basically was larger than that outside the greenhouse, except the periods of 03:10-07:20 in spring, 0:00-08:50 and 23:10-23:50 in winter;4) the temperature in the greenhouse significantly positively correlated with the temperature outside the greenhouse, the stronger correlation also appeared between the ground temperature (at the depth of 0 cm and 10 cm) in the greenhouse and the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse, however, there was a weak correlation between the ground temperature (20 cm) and the temperature inside and outside the greenhouse, this implies that the change of temperature had less impact on the ground temperature at deeper soil layers. This paper is of significance in identifying the microclimate in the Pleurotus nebrodensis greenhouse.
文摘为了解平菇生长发育过程中子实体形成的代谢物基础,采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联四级杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)技术结合多变量统计分析方法对发菌完成期(MM)、原基期(MP)及子实体分化期(MF)的平菇菌丝体进行代谢组学分析。结果表明,主成分(PCA)模型分析结果显示3个时期平菇菌丝体中的代谢产物具有明显差异。通过正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)>1和差异倍数值(fold change)≥2或≤0.5为条件对MM vs MP、MM vs MF和MP vs MF中的差异代谢物进行比较分析,分别获得139个、147个和67个差异代谢物,变化倍数最大的物质包括氨基酸及其衍生物、脂质、生物碱、有机酸等,说明这些差异代谢物对平菇子实体发育具有重要影响。KEGG分析表明,苯丙氨酸代谢、色氨酸代谢、嘌呤代谢等20条代谢通路表现活跃。在子实体发育过程中,脂质、有机酸、核苷酸及其衍生物、氨基酸及其衍生物之间明显相关。以上研究结果为平菇子实体发育机制和标准化栽培提供了理论依据。
文摘为揭示糙皮侧耳原基发育的潜在调控物质,采用代谢组学的方法对糙皮侧耳菌丝体和原基细胞代谢物进行检测分析。结果表明,菌丝体与原基细胞的代谢物具有显著差异。采用正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS‐DA),以VIP(varible importance in the projection)≥1和倍数变化≥2或≤0.5为条件共筛选到400种差异代谢物。调控通路分析表明,这些差异物质涉及33条代谢通路,其中丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸、氨酰tRNA生物合成、嘌呤代谢等8条代谢通路具有极显著影响。谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺涉及p<0.01的大部分代谢通路,可能在糙皮侧耳原基发育过程中具有重要调控作用。研究结果为糙皮侧耳以及其他大型真菌原基发育机制的探索提供了理论依据。
