In plants,heteromorphic self-incompatibility(HetSI)is a strategy for avoiding self-pollination and promoting outcrossing,and during this process,numerous protein-protein interaction events occur between the pistil and...In plants,heteromorphic self-incompatibility(HetSI)is a strategy for avoiding self-pollination and promoting outcrossing,and during this process,numerous protein-protein interaction events occur between the pistil and pollen.Previous studies in Primula and Fagopyrum that focused on HetSI systems have provided interesting insights;however,the molecular mechanism underlying HetSI remains largely unknown.In this study,we profiled the proteome of Plumbago auriculata stigmas before and after self-incompatible(SI)and self-compatible(SC)pollination.Comparative analyses were conducted by 4D-DIA(Four-dimensional data independent acquisition),a promising technology that increases the sensitivity and reduces the spectral complexity of proteomic analysis by adding a fourth dimension,ion mobility.The results revealed 33387 peptides and 5311 proteins in all samples.The pathways in which the differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)identified in the P×P(Pin style self-pollinated with pin pollen)vs.PS(Pin style)and T×T(Thrum style self-pollinated with thrum pollen)vs.TS(Thrum style)comparisons were significantly enriched were biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and pentose and glucuronate interconversions.In the P×T(Pin style cross-pollinated with thrum pollen)vs.PS and T×P(Thrum style cross-pollinated with pin pollen)vs.TS comparison,the top three pathways were biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,pentose and glucuronate interconversions,and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,cutin,suberine and wax biosynthesis,and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were enriched in the P×T vs.P×P comparison,and starch and sucrose metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism were abundant in the T×T vs.T×P comparison.The enriched pathways between PS and TS were the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,and pentose and glucuronate interconversion.Self-incompatibility protein S1(SI S1),Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/4(MPK3/4),Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2/3(M2K2/3),Exocyst complex component EXO70A1(E70A1)and Thioredoxin H1/2(TRXH1/2)were found to be HetSI-related candidates,and O-fucosyltransferase 23(OFT23),3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6(KCS6),Receptor-like protein kinase FERONIA(FERON),Fimbrin-5(FIMB5),Pollen-specific leucine-rich repeat extensin-like protein 4(PLRX4),Transcription initiation factor IIB-2(TF2B2)and Pectinesterase 1(AL11A),etc.,were identified as other regulatory transducers.These findings combined with our morphological and reactive oxygen species(ROS)intensity analyses indicate that P.auriculata has typical dry-stigmas and that the HetSI mechanism might differ between the pin and thrum.SI S1 might be the key factor in HetSI,and ROS are overexpressed during SC pollination to rapidly activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)-mediated phosphorylation of E70A1 to maintain stigma receptivity in plants with HetSI.展开更多
To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica L. The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and the structures were elucidated by various s...To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica L. The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and the structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, especially 2D- NMR spectra. A new tfiterpenoid, 1β,3β,1 1α-trihydroxy-urs-12-ene （1）, together with six known compounds, androsta-l,4-diene-3,17- dione （2）, isoshinznolone （3）, neoechinulin A （4）, harman （5）, ergostadiene-3β,5α,6β-triol （6） and N-（N＇-benzoyl-S-phenylalaninyl）-S- phenylalaninol （7） were isolated from the aerial parts ofP. zeylanica. Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were obtained from this genus for the first time.展开更多
[ Objectives ] This study was conducted to evaluate the action of the aqueous extract of a medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L. in the reversal of dime- thylnitrosamine （DMN） -induced hepatic fibrosis in rats, and ...[ Objectives ] This study was conducted to evaluate the action of the aqueous extract of a medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L. in the reversal of dime- thylnitrosamine （DMN） -induced hepatic fibrosis in rats, and to provide a scientific basis for the utilization of P. zeylanica in treatment of hepatic fibrosis. [Meth- ods ] Hepatic fibrosis in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of DMN. The rats were then given the aqueous extract of P. zeylanica at high, medium or low concentration by garage for five weeks. Serum level of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） was determined by lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）-release assay, and serum level of aspartate transaminase （AST） was measured by UV-malate dehydrogenase （MDH） assay. Serum levels of total bilirubin （TBIL）, direct bilirubin （DBIL） and indirect bilirubin （1BIL） were measured by vanadate oxidation assay. Four indices of hepatic fibrosis （hyaluronic acid, laminin, procollagen type III and colla- gen type IV） were determined by radioimmunoassay （RIA） assay. Morphological damage of liver tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining （H＆E stai- ning）. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the location and area of deposited collagen type I, collagen type III and ct-smeoth muscle actin （a-SMA） in liver tissue. [ Results] Compared with the negative control （rats with diseased fiver and untreated with P. zeylanica aqueous extract）, the serum lev- els of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL and IBIL were significantly decreased by P. zeylanica aqueous extract; the levels of the four serum indices of hepatic fibrosis were also obviously reduced. H＆E staining showed that hepatic fibrosis in rats was obviously inhibited or even reversed by P. zeylanica aqueous extract. Immunohisto- chemical staining proved that the aqueous extract of P. zeylanica significantly reduced the area and coloration of collagen type I, collagen type III and ct-SMA in rat liver. [ Conclusions] The aqueous extract of P. zeylanica has a definite effect in reversal of DMN-indueed hepatic fibrosis in rat by promoting the recovery of liver function, reversal of histopathological changes and reducing fibrotic collagen.展开更多
With the explants of young nodals and leaves of Plumbago auriculata, we studied multiple shoots induction and plant regeneration in the medium with different PGR proportions. The results showed the nodals of Plumbago ...With the explants of young nodals and leaves of Plumbago auriculata, we studied multiple shoots induction and plant regeneration in the medium with different PGR proportions. The results showed the nodals of Plumbago auriculata could be used as the explant to induce multiple shoots. After culturing young nodals for 30 d, optimum single shoot formation was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg/L 6-BA and the induction rate was 70.79%. After being transferred to the medium containing 1.0 mg/L 6-BA, 1.0 mg/L NAA and 0.2 mg/L IAA for 1 - 2 generation, single shoot was induced to form multiple shoots with the multiplication rate was 506.45%. After multiple shoots grew to 3 cm high, the multiple shoots were cut into single shoots and transferred onto half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and the rooted rate was 94.33%. Finally the intact plants were obtained.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different cutting facilities, cutting time and hormone treatments on the sumval and rooting of Plumbago au- riculata summerwood cuttings. The results showed that a new ty...This study aimed to investigate the effects of different cutting facilities, cutting time and hormone treatments on the sumval and rooting of Plumbago au- riculata summerwood cuttings. The results showed that a new type of cutting facility used in this study significantly improved the survival rate of P. auriculata sum- merwoed cuttings ; the best time for summerwood cutting of P. auriculata was May; various hormone treatments significantly improved the rooting rate of P. auricu- /ata summerwood cuttings; the optimal concentrations of NAA, IAA and IBA were 1 000, 1 500 and 1 500 mg/L, respectively. This study provided scientific basis for the establishment of summerwoed cutting propagation technology system of P. auriculata.展开更多
[Objectives]A method for the determination ofβ-sitosterol in Plumbago zeylanica L.was established and the content ofβ-sitosterol in different medicinal parts,different producing areas and different harvest periods w...[Objectives]A method for the determination ofβ-sitosterol in Plumbago zeylanica L.was established and the content ofβ-sitosterol in different medicinal parts,different producing areas and different harvest periods were compared.[Methods]High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-evaporative light scattering detector assay was used.The chromatographic column was Kromasil C_(18) column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);the mobile phase was pure methanol;the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;the column temperature was 30℃.The detection parameters of evaporative light scattering detector were as follows:drift tube temperature was 40℃,carrier gas(N_(2))pressure was 3.5 bar.[Results]There was a good linear relationship betweenβ-sitosterol(1.080-4.860μg)and the natural logarithm of peak area(r=0.9995).The average recovery rate was 99.80%.The content ofβ-sitosterol in root and stem was 0.2074 and 0.4064 mg/g,respectively,but it was not found in leaves;the content ofβ-sitosterol in P.zeylanica L.in Guangxi was generally lower than that in Yunnan,and the content ofβ-sitosterol in P.zeylanica L.in Xishuangbanna was the highest;the content ofβ-sitosterol in the stem of P.zeylanica L.was stable at a relatively high level in different harvest periods.[Conclusions]The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used as one of the methods to control the quality of P.zeylanica L.展开更多
基金Scientific Research Foundation of Science&Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2021YJ0497).
文摘In plants,heteromorphic self-incompatibility(HetSI)is a strategy for avoiding self-pollination and promoting outcrossing,and during this process,numerous protein-protein interaction events occur between the pistil and pollen.Previous studies in Primula and Fagopyrum that focused on HetSI systems have provided interesting insights;however,the molecular mechanism underlying HetSI remains largely unknown.In this study,we profiled the proteome of Plumbago auriculata stigmas before and after self-incompatible(SI)and self-compatible(SC)pollination.Comparative analyses were conducted by 4D-DIA(Four-dimensional data independent acquisition),a promising technology that increases the sensitivity and reduces the spectral complexity of proteomic analysis by adding a fourth dimension,ion mobility.The results revealed 33387 peptides and 5311 proteins in all samples.The pathways in which the differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)identified in the P×P(Pin style self-pollinated with pin pollen)vs.PS(Pin style)and T×T(Thrum style self-pollinated with thrum pollen)vs.TS(Thrum style)comparisons were significantly enriched were biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and pentose and glucuronate interconversions.In the P×T(Pin style cross-pollinated with thrum pollen)vs.PS and T×P(Thrum style cross-pollinated with pin pollen)vs.TS comparison,the top three pathways were biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,pentose and glucuronate interconversions,and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,cutin,suberine and wax biosynthesis,and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were enriched in the P×T vs.P×P comparison,and starch and sucrose metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism were abundant in the T×T vs.T×P comparison.The enriched pathways between PS and TS were the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,and pentose and glucuronate interconversion.Self-incompatibility protein S1(SI S1),Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/4(MPK3/4),Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2/3(M2K2/3),Exocyst complex component EXO70A1(E70A1)and Thioredoxin H1/2(TRXH1/2)were found to be HetSI-related candidates,and O-fucosyltransferase 23(OFT23),3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 6(KCS6),Receptor-like protein kinase FERONIA(FERON),Fimbrin-5(FIMB5),Pollen-specific leucine-rich repeat extensin-like protein 4(PLRX4),Transcription initiation factor IIB-2(TF2B2)and Pectinesterase 1(AL11A),etc.,were identified as other regulatory transducers.These findings combined with our morphological and reactive oxygen species(ROS)intensity analyses indicate that P.auriculata has typical dry-stigmas and that the HetSI mechanism might differ between the pin and thrum.SI S1 might be the key factor in HetSI,and ROS are overexpressed during SC pollination to rapidly activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)-mediated phosphorylation of E70A1 to maintain stigma receptivity in plants with HetSI.
基金973 Project(Grant No.2007CB516805)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(Grant No.05112001-3B2)the Project of the Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Resources and Molecular Engineering Guangxi Normal University(Grant No.0630006-5D09).
文摘To investigate the chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica L. The chemical constituents were isolated by various column chromatographic methods and the structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, especially 2D- NMR spectra. A new tfiterpenoid, 1β,3β,1 1α-trihydroxy-urs-12-ene （1）, together with six known compounds, androsta-l,4-diene-3,17- dione （2）, isoshinznolone （3）, neoechinulin A （4）, harman （5）, ergostadiene-3β,5α,6β-triol （6） and N-（N＇-benzoyl-S-phenylalaninyl）-S- phenylalaninol （7） were isolated from the aerial parts ofP. zeylanica. Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2, 4-7 were obtained from this genus for the first time.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81403189,81460628,81660705,81560690)Scientific Research Project for Higher Education of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Education Department(YB2014182)
文摘[ Objectives ] This study was conducted to evaluate the action of the aqueous extract of a medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L. in the reversal of dime- thylnitrosamine （DMN） -induced hepatic fibrosis in rats, and to provide a scientific basis for the utilization of P. zeylanica in treatment of hepatic fibrosis. [Meth- ods ] Hepatic fibrosis in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of DMN. The rats were then given the aqueous extract of P. zeylanica at high, medium or low concentration by garage for five weeks. Serum level of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） was determined by lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）-release assay, and serum level of aspartate transaminase （AST） was measured by UV-malate dehydrogenase （MDH） assay. Serum levels of total bilirubin （TBIL）, direct bilirubin （DBIL） and indirect bilirubin （1BIL） were measured by vanadate oxidation assay. Four indices of hepatic fibrosis （hyaluronic acid, laminin, procollagen type III and colla- gen type IV） were determined by radioimmunoassay （RIA） assay. Morphological damage of liver tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining （H＆E stai- ning）. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the location and area of deposited collagen type I, collagen type III and ct-smeoth muscle actin （a-SMA） in liver tissue. [ Results] Compared with the negative control （rats with diseased fiver and untreated with P. zeylanica aqueous extract）, the serum lev- els of ALT, AST, TBIL, DBIL and IBIL were significantly decreased by P. zeylanica aqueous extract; the levels of the four serum indices of hepatic fibrosis were also obviously reduced. H＆E staining showed that hepatic fibrosis in rats was obviously inhibited or even reversed by P. zeylanica aqueous extract. Immunohisto- chemical staining proved that the aqueous extract of P. zeylanica significantly reduced the area and coloration of collagen type I, collagen type III and ct-SMA in rat liver. [ Conclusions] The aqueous extract of P. zeylanica has a definite effect in reversal of DMN-indueed hepatic fibrosis in rat by promoting the recovery of liver function, reversal of histopathological changes and reducing fibrotic collagen.
文摘With the explants of young nodals and leaves of Plumbago auriculata, we studied multiple shoots induction and plant regeneration in the medium with different PGR proportions. The results showed the nodals of Plumbago auriculata could be used as the explant to induce multiple shoots. After culturing young nodals for 30 d, optimum single shoot formation was achieved on MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg/L 6-BA and the induction rate was 70.79%. After being transferred to the medium containing 1.0 mg/L 6-BA, 1.0 mg/L NAA and 0.2 mg/L IAA for 1 - 2 generation, single shoot was induced to form multiple shoots with the multiplication rate was 506.45%. After multiple shoots grew to 3 cm high, the multiple shoots were cut into single shoots and transferred onto half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and the rooted rate was 94.33%. Finally the intact plants were obtained.
文摘This study aimed to investigate the effects of different cutting facilities, cutting time and hormone treatments on the sumval and rooting of Plumbago au- riculata summerwood cuttings. The results showed that a new type of cutting facility used in this study significantly improved the survival rate of P. auriculata sum- merwoed cuttings ; the best time for summerwood cutting of P. auriculata was May; various hormone treatments significantly improved the rooting rate of P. auricu- /ata summerwood cuttings; the optimal concentrations of NAA, IAA and IBA were 1 000, 1 500 and 1 500 mg/L, respectively. This study provided scientific basis for the establishment of summerwoed cutting propagation technology system of P. auriculata.
文摘[Objectives]A method for the determination ofβ-sitosterol in Plumbago zeylanica L.was established and the content ofβ-sitosterol in different medicinal parts,different producing areas and different harvest periods were compared.[Methods]High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-evaporative light scattering detector assay was used.The chromatographic column was Kromasil C_(18) column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);the mobile phase was pure methanol;the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min;the column temperature was 30℃.The detection parameters of evaporative light scattering detector were as follows:drift tube temperature was 40℃,carrier gas(N_(2))pressure was 3.5 bar.[Results]There was a good linear relationship betweenβ-sitosterol(1.080-4.860μg)and the natural logarithm of peak area(r=0.9995).The average recovery rate was 99.80%.The content ofβ-sitosterol in root and stem was 0.2074 and 0.4064 mg/g,respectively,but it was not found in leaves;the content ofβ-sitosterol in P.zeylanica L.in Guangxi was generally lower than that in Yunnan,and the content ofβ-sitosterol in P.zeylanica L.in Xishuangbanna was the highest;the content ofβ-sitosterol in the stem of P.zeylanica L.was stable at a relatively high level in different harvest periods.[Conclusions]The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used as one of the methods to control the quality of P.zeylanica L.
