Annual bluegrass （Poa annua L.） was found to be tolerant to fenoxaprop- P-ethyl as well as quizalofop-P-ethyl, haloxyfop-R-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, fluaz- ifop-P-butyl, cyhalofop-butyl, sethoxydim and tralkoxyd...Annual bluegrass （Poa annua L.） was found to be tolerant to fenoxaprop- P-ethyl as well as quizalofop-P-ethyl, haloxyfop-R-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, fluaz- ifop-P-butyl, cyhalofop-butyl, sethoxydim and tralkoxydim, whereas it was sensitive to clethodim and tepraloxydim. The acetyI-CoA carboxylase （ACCase） IC50 values of five P. annua biotypes were 10.46 to 11.98-fold higher than the susceptible Japanese foxtail （Alopecurus japonicus Steud.）. The presence of the polymorphic lie and Leu at 1 781, which the presence of Leu at 1 781 had been reported to be in- volved in the resistance of grass weeds to ACCase inhibitors, was subsequently i- dentified in the ACCase of P. annua. Furthermore, the expression level of gene that encoding P. annua ACCase was found to be approximately 4.67 to 7.37-fold higher than A. japonicus, possibly explaining the P. annua target site tolerance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl.展开更多
High embryogenic calli of three cutivars of Kentucky bluegrass, Md, Bd, and Gm, were induced from mature embryos, and were proliferated on medium K3 and K5. Embryogenic calli were transformed with plamids pDM803 and p...High embryogenic calli of three cutivars of Kentucky bluegrass, Md, Bd, and Gm, were induced from mature embryos, and were proliferated on medium K3 and K5. Embryogenic calli were transformed with plamids pDM803 and pBY520 by microprojectile bombardment. Fourty-two transgenic lines had been obtained. The highest efficiency of transformation reached to 3.7% for cv. Md, 2.8% for cv. Gm, and 5 % for cv. Bd. The micro nutriment of Cupric had significant effect on transformation. The embryogenic callus cultured in dim-light condition had higher transformation efficiency than the green callus cultured in light condition for one month before transformation. The selective regime and selective pressure on the putative transgenic plants were important for obtaining the desire number of transgenic plants. It also affected the copy number of integrated genes in the genomic DNA of transgenic plants.展开更多
The genetic composition of Poa annua L. populations with a series of traffic pollution was studied by starch electrophoresis. Five enzyme systems were stained. The results showed that: (1) Traffic pollution can dr...The genetic composition of Poa annua L. populations with a series of traffic pollution was studied by starch electrophoresis. Five enzyme systems were stained. The results showed that: (1) Traffic pollution can dramatically change genotypic frequencies at some loci of P. annua populations. Significant deviations from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium were observed on loci Fe 1 and Me due to the excess of heterozygotes in some populations. (2) The effective number of alleles per locus and the observed and expected heterozygosity were higher in the pollution series than in the clear control site(Botanic Park population), but the increase was not related with the pollution extent. (3) Most genetic variation was found within populations, and only 6 21% was among populations of the polluted series. Slightly higher differentiation( F ST =7 98%) was observed when the control population was included. (4) The calculated gene flow(Nm) is 2 8841 per generation. The mean of genetic identity is 0 9864 and the genetic distance average to 0 0138展开更多
A protocol was discussed for high efficient plant regeneration from seven bluegrass （Poa pratensis L.） cultivars via an in- direct callus induction and somatic embryogenesis method. Mature seeds were used as explant...A protocol was discussed for high efficient plant regeneration from seven bluegrass （Poa pratensis L.） cultivars via an in- direct callus induction and somatic embryogenesis method. Mature seeds were used as explants for callus initiation. Callus induction and proliferation efficiencies were investigated on NB, modified MS （MMS） and MS media, supplemented with 2.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D）. The MMS medium performed best. Based on the MMS medium, direct and indirect callus induction effects of bluegrass from mature seeds were compared at the range of 1-5 mg·L^-1 2,4-D contained in the medium. Under the direct callus induction method, the most suitable 2,4-D concentrations varied among cultivars. Under the indirect callus induction method, a significantly high callus induction frequency （93.33%-98.33%） was obtained and there were barely any statistically sig- nificant differences among the tested genetically diverse cultivars. Somatic embryos were promoted on the MMS medium supple- mented with 3 mg·L^-1 2,4-D, 0.1 mg·L^-1 kinetin and 0.8 mg·L^-1 CuSO4. Embryogenetic calli developed into plantlets on the MMS medium containing different concentrations of thidiazuron （TDZ）, and the differentiation frequencies varied in the range from 20.15% to 77.65%. The 0.25 mg·L^-1 TDZ was generally the most suitable concentration for the tested cultivars.展开更多
The article is based on field research, existing literature, and samples of herbarium kept in the National Herbarium fund (TASH) Poa bulbosa L. The distribution maps and productivity indicators in the flora of Uzbekis...The article is based on field research, existing literature, and samples of herbarium kept in the National Herbarium fund (TASH) Poa bulbosa L. The distribution maps and productivity indicators in the flora of Uzbekistan are presented. As you know, Poa bulbosa L. is considered the wild relative of cultural plants, as a forage plant, it is a plant with high protein value. In the course of research during 2021-2022, in 16 areas, the yield indicators of the species were determined. In the studied research areas, indicators of the total weight of plant bushes (on the account of wet mass) and, respectively, the volume of plant biomass (on the account of dry mass, the upper part of 25%) were determined. According to him, it was determined that the average yield of the plant the wet mass is 14669.8 kg/ha, and the average yield of the plant the dry mass in areas of total 244.0 ha in the total area is 63172.5 kg.展开更多
In this experiment,the effects of 13 kinds of herbicides( or mixtures) on the control of two kinds of weeds were studied by pot cultivation with the broadleaf weed Malachium aquaticum L. and Gramineae weed Poa annua L...In this experiment,the effects of 13 kinds of herbicides( or mixtures) on the control of two kinds of weeds were studied by pot cultivation with the broadleaf weed Malachium aquaticum L. and Gramineae weed Poa annua L. as the materials. The results showed that the herbicide MCPA-Na had the best and fastest control effect on M. aquaticum L.,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 7 d after treatment;it was followed by the other four herbicides including MCPA-Na + clethodim,MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl,bentazon and nicosulfuron·atrazine,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 14 d after treatment. Atrazine was the best herbicide to control Gramineae weeds,followed by nicosulfuron·atrazine,and mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine. The study on the application of field herbicide found that four herbicides including atrazine,mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine,nicosulfuron·atrazine and bentazon had better control effect on weeds. The best herbicide for flax field was MCPA-Na + clethodim,followed by MCPA-Na and MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl. The optimized herbicides and combinations had no harmful effects on the growth of corn and flax.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(201303022)~~
文摘Annual bluegrass （Poa annua L.） was found to be tolerant to fenoxaprop- P-ethyl as well as quizalofop-P-ethyl, haloxyfop-R-methyl, clodinafop-propargyl, fluaz- ifop-P-butyl, cyhalofop-butyl, sethoxydim and tralkoxydim, whereas it was sensitive to clethodim and tepraloxydim. The acetyI-CoA carboxylase （ACCase） IC50 values of five P. annua biotypes were 10.46 to 11.98-fold higher than the susceptible Japanese foxtail （Alopecurus japonicus Steud.）. The presence of the polymorphic lie and Leu at 1 781, which the presence of Leu at 1 781 had been reported to be in- volved in the resistance of grass weeds to ACCase inhibitors, was subsequently i- dentified in the ACCase of P. annua. Furthermore, the expression level of gene that encoding P. annua ACCase was found to be approximately 4.67 to 7.37-fold higher than A. japonicus, possibly explaining the P. annua target site tolerance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl.
基金This project is supported by the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,China(2001FB10)Young Foundation of Shanxi,China(20001038)+2 种基金Shanxi Scholarship Foundation,Chinathe Hational Natural Science Foundation of China(30270204)DLF-Trifolium,Research Division,Denmark.
文摘High embryogenic calli of three cutivars of Kentucky bluegrass, Md, Bd, and Gm, were induced from mature embryos, and were proliferated on medium K3 and K5. Embryogenic calli were transformed with plamids pDM803 and pBY520 by microprojectile bombardment. Fourty-two transgenic lines had been obtained. The highest efficiency of transformation reached to 3.7% for cv. Md, 2.8% for cv. Gm, and 5 % for cv. Bd. The micro nutriment of Cupric had significant effect on transformation. The embryogenic callus cultured in dim-light condition had higher transformation efficiency than the green callus cultured in light condition for one month before transformation. The selective regime and selective pressure on the putative transgenic plants were important for obtaining the desire number of transgenic plants. It also affected the copy number of integrated genes in the genomic DNA of transgenic plants.
文摘The genetic composition of Poa annua L. populations with a series of traffic pollution was studied by starch electrophoresis. Five enzyme systems were stained. The results showed that: (1) Traffic pollution can dramatically change genotypic frequencies at some loci of P. annua populations. Significant deviations from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium were observed on loci Fe 1 and Me due to the excess of heterozygotes in some populations. (2) The effective number of alleles per locus and the observed and expected heterozygosity were higher in the pollution series than in the clear control site(Botanic Park population), but the increase was not related with the pollution extent. (3) Most genetic variation was found within populations, and only 6 21% was among populations of the polluted series. Slightly higher differentiation( F ST =7 98%) was observed when the control population was included. (4) The calculated gene flow(Nm) is 2 8841 per generation. The mean of genetic identity is 0 9864 and the genetic distance average to 0 0138
文摘A protocol was discussed for high efficient plant regeneration from seven bluegrass （Poa pratensis L.） cultivars via an in- direct callus induction and somatic embryogenesis method. Mature seeds were used as explants for callus initiation. Callus induction and proliferation efficiencies were investigated on NB, modified MS （MMS） and MS media, supplemented with 2.0 mg·L^-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D）. The MMS medium performed best. Based on the MMS medium, direct and indirect callus induction effects of bluegrass from mature seeds were compared at the range of 1-5 mg·L^-1 2,4-D contained in the medium. Under the direct callus induction method, the most suitable 2,4-D concentrations varied among cultivars. Under the indirect callus induction method, a significantly high callus induction frequency （93.33%-98.33%） was obtained and there were barely any statistically sig- nificant differences among the tested genetically diverse cultivars. Somatic embryos were promoted on the MMS medium supple- mented with 3 mg·L^-1 2,4-D, 0.1 mg·L^-1 kinetin and 0.8 mg·L^-1 CuSO4. Embryogenetic calli developed into plantlets on the MMS medium containing different concentrations of thidiazuron （TDZ）, and the differentiation frequencies varied in the range from 20.15% to 77.65%. The 0.25 mg·L^-1 TDZ was generally the most suitable concentration for the tested cultivars.
文摘The article is based on field research, existing literature, and samples of herbarium kept in the National Herbarium fund (TASH) Poa bulbosa L. The distribution maps and productivity indicators in the flora of Uzbekistan are presented. As you know, Poa bulbosa L. is considered the wild relative of cultural plants, as a forage plant, it is a plant with high protein value. In the course of research during 2021-2022, in 16 areas, the yield indicators of the species were determined. In the studied research areas, indicators of the total weight of plant bushes (on the account of wet mass) and, respectively, the volume of plant biomass (on the account of dry mass, the upper part of 25%) were determined. According to him, it was determined that the average yield of the plant the wet mass is 14669.8 kg/ha, and the average yield of the plant the dry mass in areas of total 244.0 ha in the total area is 63172.5 kg.
基金Supported by Open Fund Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(15K067)Hunan Graduate Research Innovation Project(CX2018B801)
文摘In this experiment,the effects of 13 kinds of herbicides( or mixtures) on the control of two kinds of weeds were studied by pot cultivation with the broadleaf weed Malachium aquaticum L. and Gramineae weed Poa annua L. as the materials. The results showed that the herbicide MCPA-Na had the best and fastest control effect on M. aquaticum L.,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 7 d after treatment;it was followed by the other four herbicides including MCPA-Na + clethodim,MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl,bentazon and nicosulfuron·atrazine,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 14 d after treatment. Atrazine was the best herbicide to control Gramineae weeds,followed by nicosulfuron·atrazine,and mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine. The study on the application of field herbicide found that four herbicides including atrazine,mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine,nicosulfuron·atrazine and bentazon had better control effect on weeds. The best herbicide for flax field was MCPA-Na + clethodim,followed by MCPA-Na and MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl. The optimized herbicides and combinations had no harmful effects on the growth of corn and flax.
