With downward pressure of economy facing, monitoring boom index of employment continue to decline. This paper will research on how to cope with urban employment problem using fiscal and financial polices,through build...With downward pressure of economy facing, monitoring boom index of employment continue to decline. This paper will research on how to cope with urban employment problem using fiscal and financial polices,through building system of boom of urban employment, and identifying risk signal of Chinese urban employment.展开更多
Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-...Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-dimensional, however, there are insufficient studies which have examined the burden and risk factors of suicidality in Nigerian police officers. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among police officers in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 600 police officers who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Questionnaires used were: Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of suicidality was 14%, and the predictors of suicidality were: state anxiety (p 0.001), trait anxiety (p 0.001), substance use (p = 0.03), being unmarried (p = 0.03), and female gender (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Suicidality is prevalent among Nigerian police officers, with a higher risk in those who are vulnerable. The creation of government policies and infrastructure which promote mental health in police officers is necessary.展开更多
This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories a...This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories as well as comparison between traditional criminal techniques and cybercrime. As the abilities and skills required for detectives to investigate cybercrime have been discussed. Additionally, literature review and related work, was addressed challenges role of the police in combating cybercrime and facing cybercrime policing. We proposed the main tool in the study which is “Checklist of essential skills for a cybercrime investigator”. Thus, to gain the ability to Identify technical and practical requirements in terms of skills, programs, and equipment to achieve effective and professional results in fight cybercrimes.展开更多
When people are in trouble,they call the police.Police officers protect communities.They try to stop crimes such as stealing or hurting others.Police officers also respond to danger.
The term“freezing”refers to an innate defensive reaction characterized by the sudden cessation of all movements(Stote&Fanselow,2004;Eilam,2005).The freezing effect involving a police officer exposes him to a ris...The term“freezing”refers to an innate defensive reaction characterized by the sudden cessation of all movements(Stote&Fanselow,2004;Eilam,2005).The freezing effect involving a police officer exposes him to a risk to himself and others.Materials and Methods:400 anonymous questionnaires administered to law enforcement personnel in Switzerland were evaluated with the aim of testing their knowledge about the freezing phenomenon.In addition,semi-structured interviews involving police personnel were conducted.The authors also analyzed two cases of police officers who had experienced freezing.Results and Conclusions:From the results obtained,it emerges that freezing is not known to most of the police officers interviewed.Therefore,specific and innovative training seems to be necessary.The authors described the brain mechanisms that are involved in freezing.Innovative integrated training modules have been proposed by applying some neuroscientific knowledge,particularly using the potential of mirror neurons.The authors propose a strategy for supporting police officers who have experienced an episode of freezing.The ultimate goal is to provide more scientific tools to protect police officers and civilians.展开更多
The modern criminal justice system includes community corrections,which play a preventive role in lowering recidivism among offenders.However,some offenders continue to commit crimes during community corrections.This ...The modern criminal justice system includes community corrections,which play a preventive role in lowering recidivism among offenders.However,some offenders continue to commit crimes during community corrections.This research focuses on community corrections in Chinese community policing practice,particularly offender recidivism.The study collected a total of 500 questionnaires from offenders in the provincial administrative regions of northern China,which included first offense status,psychological status,and recidivism behavior.The study found that most recidivists are usually arrested for“drunk driving”,which may be related to their ability to exercise self-restraint,and that alcohol may contribute to their deviant behavior.Another important finding relates to young recidivists,who may have difficulty securing employment during community corrections and thus use crime again to gain income.In general,this study explores the offender population in Chinese community corrections practice and discusses the factors within it that influence offender recidivism.This may support law enforcement agencies in further evaluating the effectiveness of community corrections,and may provide new information for understanding community corrections in China.展开更多
In all the occupations which have pressure, the psychological pressure index of police’s work is the highest. This article analyses systematically the source of pressure of police’s work and reaction mechanism of it...In all the occupations which have pressure, the psychological pressure index of police’s work is the highest. This article analyses systematically the source of pressure of police’s work and reaction mechanism of it to effects on sound in body and mind. Then it demonstrates the warning signs and symptoms of the reaction of pressure of police’s work and proposes countermeasures according to the common phenomena of anxiousness and depression.展开更多
Overview about three key contents of condition-based maintenance decision-making of a multi-component system is analyzed based on maintenance optimization and modeling. The component deterioration model, the correlati...Overview about three key contents of condition-based maintenance decision-making of a multi-component system is analyzed based on maintenance optimization and modeling. The component deterioration model, the correlation between the degraded components and the system configuration are analyzed separately in the deterioration model of multi-component system.For the maintenance polices,the opportunistic maintenance( OM)policy and the grouping maintenance( GM) policy are analyzed and summarized in combination with the condition-based maintenance( CBM) modeling of multi-component system. It is put forward that CBM modeling of multi-component system should be further researched based on the inspection interval and the maintenance threshold of multi-component system in availability.展开更多
In Brazil, the issue of violence can be thought by two dimensions of significant proportions, drug trafficking and use and weapon trafficking and licensing. The increase of these activities, due to the involved conten...In Brazil, the issue of violence can be thought by two dimensions of significant proportions, drug trafficking and use and weapon trafficking and licensing. The increase of these activities, due to the involved content of violence, cruelty, and transformation of evil into a routine, is amongst the phenomena that multiply fear and the feeling of insecurity with which some Brazilian cities live currently. The backdrop of the following reflections is the Federal District, used as an example of some of the issues to be addressed. The figures involving drug possession, use, and trafficking in the Federal District have been increasing significantly, be it considering the perpetrators or the crimes, and these data are strictly related to the increase in violence in the region;its roots are multiple and complex making it impossible to explain through linear causal relations. One argument that we would like to focus here considers that if the decriminalization of drugs occurred and a countless amount of activities that currently took place in the underworld of invisibility, within the logic of terror, fear, accusation, and inhumanity were introduced into the market and regulated competition, the current violence indexes could decrease. The ones who are in favor of this argument are also willing to admit the difficulties to evidence it due to precarious amounts of information and data available, as a consequence of the illegal characteristic of the activities involved. Summing up, it can be said that the data presented and the arguments derived from these data give empirical and theoretical support to the argument in favor of broadening the knowledge and the debate about the possibility, the effects and the consequences of bringing, in a still undefined future, activities involving drug use and trafficking into legality.展开更多
Based on the interpersonal function in Halliday’s systemic functional grammar,"Miranda Warnings",the typical English Police Caution,is analyzed from the aspects of Mood system,Modality system and Appraisal ...Based on the interpersonal function in Halliday’s systemic functional grammar,"Miranda Warnings",the typical English Police Caution,is analyzed from the aspects of Mood system,Modality system and Appraisal system,with the aim of exploring its interpersonal meanings.Results show that:first,the declarative mood and interrogative mood used in the police caution protect the legitimate rights of the interrogated;second,the widely use of Low value modal verbs demonstrates a more humane and democratic legislation principle;and third,the absence of Affect resources and the frequent application of Capacity resources narrow the interpersonal distance between policeman and the interrogated,reflecting the transformation in policeman’s interrogation practices.展开更多
Shoppers,crowding into the West End of Londonyesterday for the start of sales,answered demands fromthe police to use public transportation rather than theircars.They also decided not to invite danger,after thebursting...Shoppers,crowding into the West End of Londonyesterday for the start of sales,answered demands fromthe police to use public transportation rather than theircars.They also decided not to invite danger,after thebursting of a bomb in the West End on Christmasevening,by not waiting in line outside the shops.“Iwould have been very worried of what they had.”saidMr Harry Weblin,manager of Liberty’s.Last night the police,which operated a big actionincluding special searches outside the main shops,spoke highly of the common sense of the展开更多
文摘With downward pressure of economy facing, monitoring boom index of employment continue to decline. This paper will research on how to cope with urban employment problem using fiscal and financial polices,through building system of boom of urban employment, and identifying risk signal of Chinese urban employment.
文摘Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-dimensional, however, there are insufficient studies which have examined the burden and risk factors of suicidality in Nigerian police officers. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among police officers in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 600 police officers who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Questionnaires used were: Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of suicidality was 14%, and the predictors of suicidality were: state anxiety (p 0.001), trait anxiety (p 0.001), substance use (p = 0.03), being unmarried (p = 0.03), and female gender (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Suicidality is prevalent among Nigerian police officers, with a higher risk in those who are vulnerable. The creation of government policies and infrastructure which promote mental health in police officers is necessary.
文摘This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories as well as comparison between traditional criminal techniques and cybercrime. As the abilities and skills required for detectives to investigate cybercrime have been discussed. Additionally, literature review and related work, was addressed challenges role of the police in combating cybercrime and facing cybercrime policing. We proposed the main tool in the study which is “Checklist of essential skills for a cybercrime investigator”. Thus, to gain the ability to Identify technical and practical requirements in terms of skills, programs, and equipment to achieve effective and professional results in fight cybercrimes.
文摘When people are in trouble,they call the police.Police officers protect communities.They try to stop crimes such as stealing or hurting others.Police officers also respond to danger.
文摘The term“freezing”refers to an innate defensive reaction characterized by the sudden cessation of all movements(Stote&Fanselow,2004;Eilam,2005).The freezing effect involving a police officer exposes him to a risk to himself and others.Materials and Methods:400 anonymous questionnaires administered to law enforcement personnel in Switzerland were evaluated with the aim of testing their knowledge about the freezing phenomenon.In addition,semi-structured interviews involving police personnel were conducted.The authors also analyzed two cases of police officers who had experienced freezing.Results and Conclusions:From the results obtained,it emerges that freezing is not known to most of the police officers interviewed.Therefore,specific and innovative training seems to be necessary.The authors described the brain mechanisms that are involved in freezing.Innovative integrated training modules have been proposed by applying some neuroscientific knowledge,particularly using the potential of mirror neurons.The authors propose a strategy for supporting police officers who have experienced an episode of freezing.The ultimate goal is to provide more scientific tools to protect police officers and civilians.
基金Grant No.(2019JWZD22),Granted by(Tianjin Municipal Education Commission).
文摘The modern criminal justice system includes community corrections,which play a preventive role in lowering recidivism among offenders.However,some offenders continue to commit crimes during community corrections.This research focuses on community corrections in Chinese community policing practice,particularly offender recidivism.The study collected a total of 500 questionnaires from offenders in the provincial administrative regions of northern China,which included first offense status,psychological status,and recidivism behavior.The study found that most recidivists are usually arrested for“drunk driving”,which may be related to their ability to exercise self-restraint,and that alcohol may contribute to their deviant behavior.Another important finding relates to young recidivists,who may have difficulty securing employment during community corrections and thus use crime again to gain income.In general,this study explores the offender population in Chinese community corrections practice and discusses the factors within it that influence offender recidivism.This may support law enforcement agencies in further evaluating the effectiveness of community corrections,and may provide new information for understanding community corrections in China.
文摘In all the occupations which have pressure, the psychological pressure index of police’s work is the highest. This article analyses systematically the source of pressure of police’s work and reaction mechanism of it to effects on sound in body and mind. Then it demonstrates the warning signs and symptoms of the reaction of pressure of police’s work and proposes countermeasures according to the common phenomena of anxiousness and depression.
文摘Overview about three key contents of condition-based maintenance decision-making of a multi-component system is analyzed based on maintenance optimization and modeling. The component deterioration model, the correlation between the degraded components and the system configuration are analyzed separately in the deterioration model of multi-component system.For the maintenance polices,the opportunistic maintenance( OM)policy and the grouping maintenance( GM) policy are analyzed and summarized in combination with the condition-based maintenance( CBM) modeling of multi-component system. It is put forward that CBM modeling of multi-component system should be further researched based on the inspection interval and the maintenance threshold of multi-component system in availability.
文摘In Brazil, the issue of violence can be thought by two dimensions of significant proportions, drug trafficking and use and weapon trafficking and licensing. The increase of these activities, due to the involved content of violence, cruelty, and transformation of evil into a routine, is amongst the phenomena that multiply fear and the feeling of insecurity with which some Brazilian cities live currently. The backdrop of the following reflections is the Federal District, used as an example of some of the issues to be addressed. The figures involving drug possession, use, and trafficking in the Federal District have been increasing significantly, be it considering the perpetrators or the crimes, and these data are strictly related to the increase in violence in the region;its roots are multiple and complex making it impossible to explain through linear causal relations. One argument that we would like to focus here considers that if the decriminalization of drugs occurred and a countless amount of activities that currently took place in the underworld of invisibility, within the logic of terror, fear, accusation, and inhumanity were introduced into the market and regulated competition, the current violence indexes could decrease. The ones who are in favor of this argument are also willing to admit the difficulties to evidence it due to precarious amounts of information and data available, as a consequence of the illegal characteristic of the activities involved. Summing up, it can be said that the data presented and the arguments derived from these data give empirical and theoretical support to the argument in favor of broadening the knowledge and the debate about the possibility, the effects and the consequences of bringing, in a still undefined future, activities involving drug use and trafficking into legality.
文摘Based on the interpersonal function in Halliday’s systemic functional grammar,"Miranda Warnings",the typical English Police Caution,is analyzed from the aspects of Mood system,Modality system and Appraisal system,with the aim of exploring its interpersonal meanings.Results show that:first,the declarative mood and interrogative mood used in the police caution protect the legitimate rights of the interrogated;second,the widely use of Low value modal verbs demonstrates a more humane and democratic legislation principle;and third,the absence of Affect resources and the frequent application of Capacity resources narrow the interpersonal distance between policeman and the interrogated,reflecting the transformation in policeman’s interrogation practices.
文摘Shoppers,crowding into the West End of Londonyesterday for the start of sales,answered demands fromthe police to use public transportation rather than theircars.They also decided not to invite danger,after thebursting of a bomb in the West End on Christmasevening,by not waiting in line outside the shops.“Iwould have been very worried of what they had.”saidMr Harry Weblin,manager of Liberty’s.Last night the police,which operated a big actionincluding special searches outside the main shops,spoke highly of the common sense of the
