In order to verify the accuracy of ion chromatography for cyanide detection,optimization conditions were studied,and comparison was made for the detection results of cyanide between titration and isonicotinic acid pyr...In order to verify the accuracy of ion chromatography for cyanide detection,optimization conditions were studied,and comparison was made for the detection results of cyanide between titration and isonicotinic acid pyrazolone spectrophotometry. The results showed that ion chromatography has good linearity and reproducibility,with the recovery rate of 95%-105% and the limit of detection of 0. 001 mg/L. This method is simple,rapid,safe,selective,and suitable for the determination of cyanide in pollution-free livestock product breeding water.展开更多
This procedure specifies production area environment, production technology, prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, and production files of pollution-free foods by taking tomato as an example. This...This procedure specifies production area environment, production technology, prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, and production files of pollution-free foods by taking tomato as an example. This procedure is applicable to greenhouse production of pollution-free food in Shandong Province.展开更多
In recent years, Apolygus htcorum has become the main pest of winter jujube. It sucks juice of young parts of winter jujube and causes falling of buds and flowers, leaf perforations, deformities and fall- off of fruit...In recent years, Apolygus htcorum has become the main pest of winter jujube. It sucks juice of young parts of winter jujube and causes falling of buds and flowers, leaf perforations, deformities and fall- off of fruits, leading to serious economic loss. Considering the occurrence characteristics and control problems, the distribution, occurrence regularity, damage characteristics and outbreak reasons of A. lucorum are overviewed and analyzed in this paper, and the pollution-free control measures are also put forward.展开更多
Using data of 6 pollution-free agricultural product bases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,this paper analyzed content of heavy metals,including arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),and chromium(Cr) in soil...Using data of 6 pollution-free agricultural product bases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,this paper analyzed content of heavy metals,including arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),and chromium(Cr) in soil.After Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As content in soil is determined,it evaluated the pollution of soil using single factor pollution index method and Nemerow synthetic pollution index method in combination with evaluation standard of heavy metals in soil and grading standard for soil pollution.Analysis results indicate that As,Hg,Pb,Cd,Cr content is different in pollution-free agricultural product bases,but all conform to related standards and there is no standard exceeding problem.It is concluded that the quality of soil in pollution-free agricultural product bases is excellent,not polluted and completely meet requirements of evaluation standards,and suitable for developing pollution-free agricultural products.展开更多
A projection pursuit cluster（PPC） model was used to analyze the regional partitioning of agricultural non-point source pollution in China.The environmental factors impacting the agricultural non-point source polluti...A projection pursuit cluster（PPC） model was used to analyze the regional partitioning of agricultural non-point source pollution in China.The environmental factors impacting the agricultural non-point source pollution were compiled into a projection index to set up the projection index function.A novel optimization algorithm called Free search（FS） was introduced to optimize the projection direction of the PPC model.By making the appropriate improvements as we explored the use of the algorithm,it became simpler,and developed better exploration abilities.Thus,the multi-factor problem was converted into a single-factor cluster,according to the projection,which successfully avoided subjective disturbance and produced objective results.The cluster results of the PPC model mirror the actual regional partitioning of the agricultural non-point source pollution in China,indicating that the PPC model is a powerful tool in multi-factor cluster analysis,and could be a new method for the regional partitioning of agricultural non-point source pollution.展开更多
Heavy metal pollution in soil-plant system is of major environmental concern on a world scale and in China in particular with the rapid development of industry. The heavy metal pollution status in soil-plant system in...Heavy metal pollution in soil-plant system is of major environmental concern on a world scale and in China in particular with the rapid development of industry. The heavy metal pollution status in soil-plant system in China, the research progress on the bioavailability of heavy metals (affecting factors, extraction methods, free-ion activity model, adsorption model, multivariate regression model, Q-I relationship, and compound pollution), and soil remediation are reviewed in the paper. Future research and monitoring is also discussed.展开更多
The present study assesses the concentration,probabilistic risk,source classification,and dietary risk arising from heavy metal(HMs)pollution in agricultural soils affected by coal mining in eastern part of India.Anal...The present study assesses the concentration,probabilistic risk,source classification,and dietary risk arising from heavy metal(HMs)pollution in agricultural soils affected by coal mining in eastern part of India.Analyses of soil and rice plant indicated significantly elevated levels of HMs beyond the permissible limit in the contaminated zones(zone 1:PbSoil:108.24±72.97,CuSoil:57.26±23.91,CdSoil:8.44±2.76,CrSoil:180.05±46.90,NiSoil:70.79±25.06 mg/kg;PbGrain:0.96±0.8,CuGrain:8.6±5.1,CdGrain:0.65±0.42,CrGrain:4.78±1.89,NiGrain:11.74±4.38 mg/kg.zone 2:PbSoil:139.56±69.46,CuSoil:69.89±19.86,CdSoil:8.95±2.57,CrSoil:245.46±70.66,NiSoil:95.46±22.89 mg/kg;PbGrain:1.27±0.84,CuGrain:7.9±4.57,CdGrain:0.76±0.43,CrGrain:8.6±1.58,NiGrain:11.50±2.46 mg/kg)compared to the uncontaminated zone(zone 3).Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks were computed based on the HMs concentration in the soil and rice grain,with Pb,Cr,and Ni identified as posing a high risk to human health.Monte Carlo simulation,the solubility-free ion activity model(FIAM),and severity adjusted margin of exposure(SAMOE)were employed to predict health risk.FIAM hazard quotient(HQ)values for Ni,Cr,Cd,and Pb were>1,indicating a significant non-carcinogenic risk.SAMOE(risk thermometer)results for contaminated zones ranged from low to moderate risk(CrSAMOE:0.05,and NiSAMOE:0.03).Fuzzy-TOPSIS and variable importance plots(from random forest)showed that Ni and Cr were mostly responsible for the toxicity in the rice plant,respectively.A self-organizing map for source classification revealed common origin for the studied HMs with zone 2 exhibiting the highest contamination.The positive matrix factorization model for the source apportionment identified coal mining and transportation as the predominant sources of HMs.Spatial distribution analysis indicated higher contamination near mining sites as compared to distant sampling sites.Consequently,this study will aid environmental scientists and policymakers controlling HM pollution in agricultural soils near coal mines.展开更多
Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. Accor...Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company, previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are：sand material, accessories baking, ladle nozzle cleaning, the process and amount of adding sand, and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore, improving the ladle filler sand quality, baking all of the raw materials, controlling the addition of ladle filler sand, cleaning the ladle nozzle, and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.展开更多
We have been developing debris-free laser plasma sources for EUV lithography since 1996. Two types of debris-free sources, such as cryogenic target and gas-puff target laser plasma sources, were designed and built up ...We have been developing debris-free laser plasma sources for EUV lithography since 1996. Two types of debris-free sources, such as cryogenic target and gas-puff target laser plasma sources, were designed and built up in CIOMP. EUV radiation spectra of the sources with a variety of targets have been obtained by different ways.展开更多
In this paper,we give all-sided pastic analysis of the rectangular slab with three edges simply-supported and other free.Here we discuss the following four cases:(1)The uniformly distributedload over the area a slab.(...In this paper,we give all-sided pastic analysis of the rectangular slab with three edges simply-supported and other free.Here we discuss the following four cases:(1)The uniformly distributedload over the area a slab.(2).A concentrated load act at midpoint of free edges slab.(3)A concen-trated load act at the center a slab.(4)The line load act along free edge of slab.展开更多
BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can init...BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation(LPO)in lipoprotein particles.The concentration of LPO products can influence the state of insulin receptors,repressing their hormone connection activity,which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by cells.It is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium(SkQ1)to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this substance.AIM To establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.METHODS To induce hyperglycemia,rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4.SkQ1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per day.Tissue samples were taken from control animals,animals with experimental hyperglycemia,rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution,animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1,rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet,and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1(98%ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution).To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity,we used the biochemiluminescence method.Aconitate hydratase(AH),superoxide dismutase,and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with software.The amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natelson method.Real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out using an amplifier ANK-32.RESULTS It was found that the mitochondrial-directed antioxidant elicits decrease of biochemiluminescence parameter values that increase by pathology as well as the levels of primary products of LPO,such as diene conjugates and carbonyl compounds,which indicate intensity of free radical oxidation.At the same time,the activity of AH,considered a crucial target of free radicals,which decreased during experimental hyperglycemia,increased.Apparently,increasing activity of AH influenced the speed of citrate utilization,whose concentration decreased after administering SkQ1 by pathology.Moreover,the previously applied antioxidant during hyperglycemia influenced the rate of antioxidant system mobilization.Thus,superoxide dismutase and catalase activity,as well as the level of gene transcript under influence of SkQ1 at pathology,were changing to the direction of control groups values.CONCLUSION According to the results of performed research,SkQ1 can be considered a promising addition to be included in antioxidant therapy of DM2.展开更多
文摘In order to verify the accuracy of ion chromatography for cyanide detection,optimization conditions were studied,and comparison was made for the detection results of cyanide between titration and isonicotinic acid pyrazolone spectrophotometry. The results showed that ion chromatography has good linearity and reproducibility,with the recovery rate of 95%-105% and the limit of detection of 0. 001 mg/L. This method is simple,rapid,safe,selective,and suitable for the determination of cyanide in pollution-free livestock product breeding water.
基金Supported by the Project of Agricultural Standardization Committee of Shandong Province
文摘This procedure specifies production area environment, production technology, prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests, and production files of pollution-free foods by taking tomato as an example. This procedure is applicable to greenhouse production of pollution-free food in Shandong Province.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest ( 201103012)
文摘In recent years, Apolygus htcorum has become the main pest of winter jujube. It sucks juice of young parts of winter jujube and causes falling of buds and flowers, leaf perforations, deformities and fall- off of fruits, leading to serious economic loss. Considering the occurrence characteristics and control problems, the distribution, occurrence regularity, damage characteristics and outbreak reasons of A. lucorum are overviewed and analyzed in this paper, and the pollution-free control measures are also put forward.
基金Supported by Heavy Metal Pollution Mechanism for Water Environment in Xijiang River Basin and Regulation Project(2013GXNSFEA053001)
文摘Using data of 6 pollution-free agricultural product bases in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,this paper analyzed content of heavy metals,including arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),lead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),and chromium(Cr) in soil.After Pb,Cd,Cr,Hg and As content in soil is determined,it evaluated the pollution of soil using single factor pollution index method and Nemerow synthetic pollution index method in combination with evaluation standard of heavy metals in soil and grading standard for soil pollution.Analysis results indicate that As,Hg,Pb,Cd,Cr content is different in pollution-free agricultural product bases,but all conform to related standards and there is no standard exceeding problem.It is concluded that the quality of soil in pollution-free agricultural product bases is excellent,not polluted and completely meet requirements of evaluation standards,and suitable for developing pollution-free agricultural products.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40830640)the Plan for Innovation of Graduate Students of Jiangsu province (CX09B_168Z)
文摘A projection pursuit cluster（PPC） model was used to analyze the regional partitioning of agricultural non-point source pollution in China.The environmental factors impacting the agricultural non-point source pollution were compiled into a projection index to set up the projection index function.A novel optimization algorithm called Free search（FS） was introduced to optimize the projection direction of the PPC model.By making the appropriate improvements as we explored the use of the algorithm,it became simpler,and developed better exploration abilities.Thus,the multi-factor problem was converted into a single-factor cluster,according to the projection,which successfully avoided subjective disturbance and produced objective results.The cluster results of the PPC model mirror the actual regional partitioning of the agricultural non-point source pollution in China,indicating that the PPC model is a powerful tool in multi-factor cluster analysis,and could be a new method for the regional partitioning of agricultural non-point source pollution.
文摘Heavy metal pollution in soil-plant system is of major environmental concern on a world scale and in China in particular with the rapid development of industry. The heavy metal pollution status in soil-plant system in China, the research progress on the bioavailability of heavy metals (affecting factors, extraction methods, free-ion activity model, adsorption model, multivariate regression model, Q-I relationship, and compound pollution), and soil remediation are reviewed in the paper. Future research and monitoring is also discussed.
文摘The present study assesses the concentration,probabilistic risk,source classification,and dietary risk arising from heavy metal(HMs)pollution in agricultural soils affected by coal mining in eastern part of India.Analyses of soil and rice plant indicated significantly elevated levels of HMs beyond the permissible limit in the contaminated zones(zone 1:PbSoil:108.24±72.97,CuSoil:57.26±23.91,CdSoil:8.44±2.76,CrSoil:180.05±46.90,NiSoil:70.79±25.06 mg/kg;PbGrain:0.96±0.8,CuGrain:8.6±5.1,CdGrain:0.65±0.42,CrGrain:4.78±1.89,NiGrain:11.74±4.38 mg/kg.zone 2:PbSoil:139.56±69.46,CuSoil:69.89±19.86,CdSoil:8.95±2.57,CrSoil:245.46±70.66,NiSoil:95.46±22.89 mg/kg;PbGrain:1.27±0.84,CuGrain:7.9±4.57,CdGrain:0.76±0.43,CrGrain:8.6±1.58,NiGrain:11.50±2.46 mg/kg)compared to the uncontaminated zone(zone 3).Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks were computed based on the HMs concentration in the soil and rice grain,with Pb,Cr,and Ni identified as posing a high risk to human health.Monte Carlo simulation,the solubility-free ion activity model(FIAM),and severity adjusted margin of exposure(SAMOE)were employed to predict health risk.FIAM hazard quotient(HQ)values for Ni,Cr,Cd,and Pb were>1,indicating a significant non-carcinogenic risk.SAMOE(risk thermometer)results for contaminated zones ranged from low to moderate risk(CrSAMOE:0.05,and NiSAMOE:0.03).Fuzzy-TOPSIS and variable importance plots(from random forest)showed that Ni and Cr were mostly responsible for the toxicity in the rice plant,respectively.A self-organizing map for source classification revealed common origin for the studied HMs with zone 2 exhibiting the highest contamination.The positive matrix factorization model for the source apportionment identified coal mining and transportation as the predominant sources of HMs.Spatial distribution analysis indicated higher contamination near mining sites as compared to distant sampling sites.Consequently,this study will aid environmental scientists and policymakers controlling HM pollution in agricultural soils near coal mines.
文摘Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company, previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are：sand material, accessories baking, ladle nozzle cleaning, the process and amount of adding sand, and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore, improving the ladle filler sand quality, baking all of the raw materials, controlling the addition of ladle filler sand, cleaning the ladle nozzle, and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.
文摘We have been developing debris-free laser plasma sources for EUV lithography since 1996. Two types of debris-free sources, such as cryogenic target and gas-puff target laser plasma sources, were designed and built up in CIOMP. EUV radiation spectra of the sources with a variety of targets have been obtained by different ways.
文摘In this paper,we give all-sided pastic analysis of the rectangular slab with three edges simply-supported and other free.Here we discuss the following four cases:(1)The uniformly distributedload over the area a slab.(2).A concentrated load act at midpoint of free edges slab.(3)A concen-trated load act at the center a slab.(4)The line load act along free edge of slab.
文摘BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation(LPO)in lipoprotein particles.The concentration of LPO products can influence the state of insulin receptors,repressing their hormone connection activity,which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by cells.It is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium(SkQ1)to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this substance.AIM To establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.METHODS To induce hyperglycemia,rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4.SkQ1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per day.Tissue samples were taken from control animals,animals with experimental hyperglycemia,rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution,animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1,rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet,and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1(98%ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution).To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity,we used the biochemiluminescence method.Aconitate hydratase(AH),superoxide dismutase,and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with software.The amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natelson method.Real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out using an amplifier ANK-32.RESULTS It was found that the mitochondrial-directed antioxidant elicits decrease of biochemiluminescence parameter values that increase by pathology as well as the levels of primary products of LPO,such as diene conjugates and carbonyl compounds,which indicate intensity of free radical oxidation.At the same time,the activity of AH,considered a crucial target of free radicals,which decreased during experimental hyperglycemia,increased.Apparently,increasing activity of AH influenced the speed of citrate utilization,whose concentration decreased after administering SkQ1 by pathology.Moreover,the previously applied antioxidant during hyperglycemia influenced the rate of antioxidant system mobilization.Thus,superoxide dismutase and catalase activity,as well as the level of gene transcript under influence of SkQ1 at pathology,were changing to the direction of control groups values.CONCLUSION According to the results of performed research,SkQ1 can be considered a promising addition to be included in antioxidant therapy of DM2.
