AIM: To investigate the effect of different dietary fatty acids on hepatic inflammasome activation.METHODS: Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high-fat diet or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diet. Pr...AIM: To investigate the effect of different dietary fatty acids on hepatic inflammasome activation.METHODS: Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high-fat diet or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diet. Primary hepatocytes were treated with either saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or PUFAs as well as combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. The activity of Caspase-1 and interleukine-1β production were measured.RESULTS: High-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis was sufficient to induce and activate hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome. SFA palmitic acid (PA) directly activated NLRP3 inflammasome and increased sensitization to LPS-induced inflammasome activation in hepatocytes. In contrast, PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) had the potential to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome expression in hepatocytes and partly abolished LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, a high-fat diet increased but PUFA-enriched diet decreased sensitization to LPS-induced hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vivo. Moreover, PA increased but DHA decreased phosphorylated NF-κB p65 protein expression in hepatocytes.CONCLUSION: Hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation played an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dietary SFAs and PUFAs oppositely regulated the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome through direct activation or inhibition of NF-κB.展开更多
A novel kind of copolymer with ABA-type block structure was synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization of beta-butyrolactone (beta-BL) in the presence of a PEG-based dicarboxylates as macroinitiators which wer...A novel kind of copolymer with ABA-type block structure was synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization of beta-butyrolactone (beta-BL) in the presence of a PEG-based dicarboxylates as macroinitiators which were prepared by the esterification of aliphatic cyclic anhydride and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) oligomers (M-n = 2000, 4000 and 6000) and conversion of potassium dicarboxylates. The resultant copolymers as well as the intermediates were characterized by IR, H-1-NMR and GPC.展开更多
Amorphous poly (L-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid) (PLHPPA) was synthesized by the microwave-assisted polycondensation of L-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (LHPPA). The weight average molar mass (Mw) of PLHPPA range...Amorphous poly (L-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid) (PLHPPA) was synthesized by the microwave-assisted polycondensation of L-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (LHPPA). The weight average molar mass (Mw) of PLHPPA ranged from 3600 to 5300 and polydispersity index (Mw/Mn) from 1.0 to 1.4 when the reaction mixture was irradiated by microwave at 255, 340 and 510 w for 1 to 10 h, respectively.展开更多
Accumulation of recalcitrant plastics in the environment has become a world-wide problem in today’s societies. Rapid depletion of natural resources for synthetic plastics along with environmental concerns has directe...Accumulation of recalcitrant plastics in the environment has become a world-wide problem in today’s societies. Rapid depletion of natural resources for synthetic plastics along with environmental concerns has directed research towards finding alternatives to petroleum-based polymers. Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) P(3HB), as one of these alternatives, have attracted much attention in recent years due to their varied mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The aim of this study was to identify an agro-industrial waste resource economically suitable for large-scale production of P(3HB), to optimize the production using Response Surface Methodology in small-scale and subsequently, to test the production in a continuously stirred tank reactor. Among a range of agro-industrial waste, orange peel was selected as the most suitable for P(3HB) production. P(3HB) concentration of 1.24 g P(3HB)/L culture broth with 41% P(3HB)/dcw yield was obtained using orange peel as the sole carbon source in optimized medium with a modified strain of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis OK2).展开更多
To determine the possibility of blending 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid( TIBA) and poly( p-dioxanone)( PPDO) to produce X-ray visible PPDO filaments,melt-blended PPDO with different concentrations of TIBA was obtained. S...To determine the possibility of blending 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid( TIBA) and poly( p-dioxanone)( PPDO) to produce X-ray visible PPDO filaments,melt-blended PPDO with different concentrations of TIBA was obtained. Several radiopaque filaments of PPDO polymer filled with radiopaque TIBA particles were prepared via melt-blending. Material properties of the composite filaments were investigated using various material characterization techniques,including scanning electron microscope( SEM),thermogravimetric analysis( TGA),X-ray Diffraction( XRD),dynamic rheometry and micro-CT scan. In this article,the dispersion of TIBA in PPDO,the properties of the filament,and the ratio of PPDO and TIBA and the corresponding X-ray visibility in vivo were studied. SEM results showed the dispersion of the contrast imaging agent TIBA was relatively even in the PPDO polymer. Xray analysis in vitro confirmed the enhanced radiopacity of the filaments with respect to the pure PPDO filament. The presence of iodine element in the composite filament could allow the bioabsorbable material to be monitored in vivo, and made it potential to be used in biomedical applications.展开更多
The development of heterogeneous acid catalysts with higher activity than homogeneous acid catalysts is critical and still challenging.In this study,acidic poly(ionic liquid)s with swelling ability(SAPILs)were designe...The development of heterogeneous acid catalysts with higher activity than homogeneous acid catalysts is critical and still challenging.In this study,acidic poly(ionic liquid)s with swelling ability(SAPILs)were designed and synthesized via the free radical copolymerization of ionic liquid monomers,sodium p-styrenesulfonate,and crosslinkers,followed by acidification.The 31P nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts of adsorbed trimethylphosphine oxide indicated that the synthesized SAPILs presented moderate and single acid strength.The thermogravimetric analysis results in the temperature range of 300–345°C revealed that the synthesized SAPILs were more stable than the commercial resin Amberlite IR-120(H)(245°C).Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy testing demonstrated that SAPILs presented unique three-dimensional(3D)honeycomb structure in water,which was ascribed to the swelling-induced self-assembly of the molecules.Moreover,we used SAPILs with micron-sized honeycomb structure in water as catalysts for the hydrolysis of cyclohexyl acetate to cyclohexanol,and determined that their catalytic activity was much higher than that of homogeneous acid catalysts.The equilibrium concentrations of all reaction components inside and outside the synthesized SAPILs were quantitatively analyzed using a series of simulated reaction mixtures.Depending on the reaction mixture,the concentration of cyclohexyl acetate inside SAPIL-1 was 7.5–23.3 times higher than that outside of it,which suggested the high enrichment ability of SAPILs for cyclohexyl acetate.The excellent catalytic performance of SAPILs was attributed to their 3D honeycomb structure in water and high enrichment ability for cyclohexyl acetate,which opened up new avenues for designing highly efficient heterogeneous acid catalysts that could eventually replace conventional homogeneous acid catalysts.展开更多
Submicrometer-sized, spherical vaterite particles were synthesized by solid-state reaction at room temperature in the presence of poly(acrylic acid)(PAA). The obtained products were characterized by XRD, IR and SEM. I...Submicrometer-sized, spherical vaterite particles were synthesized by solid-state reaction at room temperature in the presence of poly(acrylic acid)(PAA). The obtained products were characterized by XRD, IR and SEM. It was revealed that with increasing PAA amount, the crystal polymorph of CaCO 3 particles varied gradually from pure calcite through a mixture of calcite and vaterite to pure vaterite, and the particle size decreased generally. It was proposed that in solid-state reaction, PAA induced the formation of vaterite and the phase transformation from vaterite to calcite was prevented completely due to the absence of H 2O, resulting in the formation of pure vaterite particles.展开更多
以3-吲哚乙酸（IAA）为模板分子、丙烯酰胺（AA）为功能单体,采用沉淀聚合法制备了IAA印迹聚合物微粒,研究了致孔剂乙腈的用量及IAA的加入量对印迹聚合物结合性能的影响,采用色谱法对其进行评价。结果表明,当乙腈为37.5 m L,IAA为2 mmo...以3-吲哚乙酸（IAA）为模板分子、丙烯酰胺（AA）为功能单体,采用沉淀聚合法制备了IAA印迹聚合物微粒,研究了致孔剂乙腈的用量及IAA的加入量对印迹聚合物结合性能的影响,采用色谱法对其进行评价。结果表明,当乙腈为37.5 m L,IAA为2 mmol（与AA物质的量比为1∶1）时,制得印迹聚合物P7对IAA的亲和力最大（k=4.24）,印迹因子（IF）为14.1,其对IAA展示了最显著的特异识别能力。将P7作为固相萃取柱的填料,研究了分子印迹固相萃取IAA的方法,测得绿豆芽样品的加标回收率为90.6%～92.6%。结果表明,以AA为功能单体沉淀聚合法制备的IAA印迹聚合物颗粒适合作为固相萃取柱填料,可实现实际样品中IAA的选择性分离净化。该文提出的采用适当增大模板分子加入量的方法是制备高亲和力与高选择性印迹聚合物的一条新途径。展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNO.81170374 and NO.81470842 to Hua J
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of different dietary fatty acids on hepatic inflammasome activation.METHODS: Wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high-fat diet or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diet. Primary hepatocytes were treated with either saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or PUFAs as well as combined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. The activity of Caspase-1 and interleukine-1β production were measured.RESULTS: High-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis was sufficient to induce and activate hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome. SFA palmitic acid (PA) directly activated NLRP3 inflammasome and increased sensitization to LPS-induced inflammasome activation in hepatocytes. In contrast, PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) had the potential to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome expression in hepatocytes and partly abolished LPS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, a high-fat diet increased but PUFA-enriched diet decreased sensitization to LPS-induced hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation in vivo. Moreover, PA increased but DHA decreased phosphorylated NF-κB p65 protein expression in hepatocytes.CONCLUSION: Hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome activation played an important role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dietary SFAs and PUFAs oppositely regulated the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome through direct activation or inhibition of NF-κB.
文摘A novel kind of copolymer with ABA-type block structure was synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization of beta-butyrolactone (beta-BL) in the presence of a PEG-based dicarboxylates as macroinitiators which were prepared by the esterification of aliphatic cyclic anhydride and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) oligomers (M-n = 2000, 4000 and 6000) and conversion of potassium dicarboxylates. The resultant copolymers as well as the intermediates were characterized by IR, H-1-NMR and GPC.
基金The study is financially supported by the Research foundation of State Education Department of China and National 973 Project of China.
文摘Amorphous poly (L-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid) (PLHPPA) was synthesized by the microwave-assisted polycondensation of L-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (LHPPA). The weight average molar mass (Mw) of PLHPPA ranged from 3600 to 5300 and polydispersity index (Mw/Mn) from 1.0 to 1.4 when the reaction mixture was irradiated by microwave at 255, 340 and 510 w for 1 to 10 h, respectively.
文摘Accumulation of recalcitrant plastics in the environment has become a world-wide problem in today’s societies. Rapid depletion of natural resources for synthetic plastics along with environmental concerns has directed research towards finding alternatives to petroleum-based polymers. Poly(3-hydroxybutyric acid) P(3HB), as one of these alternatives, have attracted much attention in recent years due to their varied mechanical properties, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The aim of this study was to identify an agro-industrial waste resource economically suitable for large-scale production of P(3HB), to optimize the production using Response Surface Methodology in small-scale and subsequently, to test the production in a continuously stirred tank reactor. Among a range of agro-industrial waste, orange peel was selected as the most suitable for P(3HB) production. P(3HB) concentration of 1.24 g P(3HB)/L culture broth with 41% P(3HB)/dcw yield was obtained using orange peel as the sole carbon source in optimized medium with a modified strain of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis OK2).
基金Biomedical Textile Materials Science and Technolgy(111 Project),China(No.B07024)the Fundamendtal Research funds for the Central Universities,China(Samples 2232015A3-02,16D 110119)+1 种基金Science and Technology Support Program of Shanghai,China(No.16441903803)National Postdoctoral Foundation,China(No.2016M590299)
文摘To determine the possibility of blending 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid( TIBA) and poly( p-dioxanone)( PPDO) to produce X-ray visible PPDO filaments,melt-blended PPDO with different concentrations of TIBA was obtained. Several radiopaque filaments of PPDO polymer filled with radiopaque TIBA particles were prepared via melt-blending. Material properties of the composite filaments were investigated using various material characterization techniques,including scanning electron microscope( SEM),thermogravimetric analysis( TGA),X-ray Diffraction( XRD),dynamic rheometry and micro-CT scan. In this article,the dispersion of TIBA in PPDO,the properties of the filament,and the ratio of PPDO and TIBA and the corresponding X-ray visibility in vivo were studied. SEM results showed the dispersion of the contrast imaging agent TIBA was relatively even in the PPDO polymer. Xray analysis in vitro confirmed the enhanced radiopacity of the filaments with respect to the pure PPDO filament. The presence of iodine element in the composite filament could allow the bioabsorbable material to be monitored in vivo, and made it potential to be used in biomedical applications.
文摘The development of heterogeneous acid catalysts with higher activity than homogeneous acid catalysts is critical and still challenging.In this study,acidic poly(ionic liquid)s with swelling ability(SAPILs)were designed and synthesized via the free radical copolymerization of ionic liquid monomers,sodium p-styrenesulfonate,and crosslinkers,followed by acidification.The 31P nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts of adsorbed trimethylphosphine oxide indicated that the synthesized SAPILs presented moderate and single acid strength.The thermogravimetric analysis results in the temperature range of 300–345°C revealed that the synthesized SAPILs were more stable than the commercial resin Amberlite IR-120(H)(245°C).Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy testing demonstrated that SAPILs presented unique three-dimensional(3D)honeycomb structure in water,which was ascribed to the swelling-induced self-assembly of the molecules.Moreover,we used SAPILs with micron-sized honeycomb structure in water as catalysts for the hydrolysis of cyclohexyl acetate to cyclohexanol,and determined that their catalytic activity was much higher than that of homogeneous acid catalysts.The equilibrium concentrations of all reaction components inside and outside the synthesized SAPILs were quantitatively analyzed using a series of simulated reaction mixtures.Depending on the reaction mixture,the concentration of cyclohexyl acetate inside SAPIL-1 was 7.5–23.3 times higher than that outside of it,which suggested the high enrichment ability of SAPILs for cyclohexyl acetate.The excellent catalytic performance of SAPILs was attributed to their 3D honeycomb structure in water and high enrichment ability for cyclohexyl acetate,which opened up new avenues for designing highly efficient heterogeneous acid catalysts that could eventually replace conventional homogeneous acid catalysts.
文摘Submicrometer-sized, spherical vaterite particles were synthesized by solid-state reaction at room temperature in the presence of poly(acrylic acid)(PAA). The obtained products were characterized by XRD, IR and SEM. It was revealed that with increasing PAA amount, the crystal polymorph of CaCO 3 particles varied gradually from pure calcite through a mixture of calcite and vaterite to pure vaterite, and the particle size decreased generally. It was proposed that in solid-state reaction, PAA induced the formation of vaterite and the phase transformation from vaterite to calcite was prevented completely due to the absence of H 2O, resulting in the formation of pure vaterite particles.
文摘以3-吲哚乙酸（IAA）为模板分子、丙烯酰胺（AA）为功能单体,采用沉淀聚合法制备了IAA印迹聚合物微粒,研究了致孔剂乙腈的用量及IAA的加入量对印迹聚合物结合性能的影响,采用色谱法对其进行评价。结果表明,当乙腈为37.5 m L,IAA为2 mmol（与AA物质的量比为1∶1）时,制得印迹聚合物P7对IAA的亲和力最大（k=4.24）,印迹因子（IF）为14.1,其对IAA展示了最显著的特异识别能力。将P7作为固相萃取柱的填料,研究了分子印迹固相萃取IAA的方法,测得绿豆芽样品的加标回收率为90.6%～92.6%。结果表明,以AA为功能单体沉淀聚合法制备的IAA印迹聚合物颗粒适合作为固相萃取柱填料,可实现实际样品中IAA的选择性分离净化。该文提出的采用适当增大模板分子加入量的方法是制备高亲和力与高选择性印迹聚合物的一条新途径。
