Abundant aromatic fractions were detected in oils from the Linnan subsag, including aphthalenes, phenanthrenes, triaromatic steroids, biphenyl, fluorenes, dibenzothiophenes, dibenzofuranes, as well as some typical hig...Abundant aromatic fractions were detected in oils from the Linnan subsag, including aphthalenes, phenanthrenes, triaromatic steroids, biphenyl, fluorenes, dibenzothiophenes, dibenzofuranes, as well as some typical higher plant-sourced compounds, such as pyrene, benzopyrene, fluoranthene, chryaene, benzofluoranthrene, perylene and cadalene. Occurrences of biomarkers indicate that oils from the Linnan subsag are typical terrestrially genetic oils. Developed in the depositional environment is a strong reduction condition typical of brackish-saline lake. Thermal evolution has entered into the mature-high mature stage.展开更多
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are one of the most important groups in oil,and re sponsible for major toxic and/or carcinogenic impact on humans and wildlife.It is important to understand the behavior of PAHs i...Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are one of the most important groups in oil,and re sponsible for major toxic and/or carcinogenic impact on humans and wildlife.It is important to understand the behavior of PAHs in marine environment after an oil-spill incident.However,interaction between petroleum PAHs and microbial communities in a marine environment remains unclear.Therefore,a series of mesocosm experiments were conducted.in which water-accommodated fraction(WAF)of oil was generated to simulate an oil-spill scenario and to analyze the transport and behavior of marine oil spill containing PAHs with and without dispersants.Results indicate that the application of dispersant could increase the concentration of total PAHs in water column due mainly to significant increase in the concentration of highmolecular weight(HMW)PAHs at a lower removal rate.At the end of the 7-day experiment,significant amount of HMW PAHs were accumulated in sediment.In general,the application of dispersant did not increase the sediment uptake of PAHs but increased the PAHs concentration in water column.展开更多
Based on quantitative GC-MS analysis of 40 crude oil samples collected from the south area of western Qaidam Basin,one of the largest saline lacustrine basins in China,the geochemical characteristics of aromatic hydro...Based on quantitative GC-MS analysis of 40 crude oil samples collected from the south area of western Qaidam Basin,one of the largest saline lacustrine basins in China,the geochemical characteristics of aromatic hydrocarbons in oils were studied systematically in this paper.Among those constitutes,naphthalene(43% 59%),phenanthrene(12% 21%) and taromatic-sterane series(6% 28%) were the main ones of aromatic hydrocarbons.The ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon maturity parameter vs.saturated hydrocarbon maturity parameter C 29 20S/(20S+20R) shows that some aromatic hydrocarbon maturity parameters are not suitable for low-mature oils,including MPI,MNR,DNR,etc.Meanwhile,maturity parameters for dibenzothiophene and taromatic-sterane series are more appropriate for low maturity saline lacustrine crude oils.Based on the ratio of 4,6-DMDBT/1,4-DMDBT,the R c values are within the range of 0.59% 0.72%.However,the abundance of dibenzothiophene(DBT) is low,and the dibenzofuran(DBF) content is even lower,suggesting that the crude oils were formed in a saline lacustrine anaerobic environment.The high abundance of C 26 triaromatic steroid also indicates that the source material is brackish water-saline water with strong reducibility.展开更多
An efficient analytical method combining pyrolysis and capillary GC/MS has been developed for determination and quantitation of targeted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.The limit of detection ranged from 0.29 μg/g t...An efficient analytical method combining pyrolysis and capillary GC/MS has been developed for determination and quantitation of targeted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.The limit of detection ranged from 0.29 μg/g to 43.46 μg/g,and repeatability values were between 0.1% and 8.2% for blank spiked samples and between 0.1 % and 9.8% for real samples of heavy oils.Through application of the proposed method in hydrotreating processes,it has been found out that heavy oils before and after the specified hydroprocessing treatment exhibited a diverse PAHs distribution which might be determined by the discrepancy in their intrinsic contents and hydrogenation reactivity.Furthermore,the hydrogenation reactivity of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was further investigated and discovered to be more interrelated to molecular structure and rings alignment or conjugation mode.展开更多
Tunnel wash waters characterize all waters that run off after washing procedures of tunnels are performed.These waters represent a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants,such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocar...Tunnel wash waters characterize all waters that run off after washing procedures of tunnels are performed.These waters represent a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants,such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and toxic metals.Removal of such contaminants from water runoff was investigated using laboratory tests after washing procedure was performed on two road tunnels in eastern Norway(Hanekleiv and Bragernes).Due to diverse character of both,treatment media and treated wash waters, the wh...展开更多
Mixed crude palm oil （MCPO）, the mixture of palm fiber oil and palm kernel oil, has become of great interest as a renewable energy source. It can be easily extracted from whole dried palm fruits. In the present work...Mixed crude palm oil （MCPO）, the mixture of palm fiber oil and palm kernel oil, has become of great interest as a renewable energy source. It can be easily extracted from whole dried palm fruits. In the present work, the degummed, deacidified MCPO was blended in petroleum diesel at portions of 30% and 40% by volume and then tested in agricultural diesel engines for long term usage. The particulates from the exhaust of the engines were collected every 500 hr using a four-stage cascade air sampler. The 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameters for the first three stages were 10, 2.5 and 1μm, while the last stage collected all particles smaller than 1 μm. Sixteen particle bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated that the size distribution of particulate matter was in the accmnulation mode and the pattern of total PAHs associated with fine-particles （〈 1 μm） showed a dominance of larger molecular weight PAHs （4--6 aromatic rings）, especially pyrene. The mass median diameter, PM and total PAH concentrations decreased when increasing the palm oil content, but increased when the running hours of the engine were increased. In addition, Commercial petroleum diesel （PB0） gave the highest value of carcinogenic potency equivalent （BaPeq） for all particle size ranges. As the palm oil was increased, the; BaPeq decreased gradually. Therefore the degununed-deacidified MCPO blends are recommended for diesel substitute.展开更多
The Sanchi oil tanker collision in the East China Sea on January 6th, 2018 has caused worldwide attention due to its uniqueness. A considerable amount of highly volatile natural-gas condensate oil was spilled, burned ...The Sanchi oil tanker collision in the East China Sea on January 6th, 2018 has caused worldwide attention due to its uniqueness. A considerable amount of highly volatile natural-gas condensate oil was spilled, burned and sank with the Sanchi tanker, this entirely new kind of maritime disaster has posed massive unknowns to the public. In this study, for better understanding of the evaporative behavior of condensate oils, two condensate oils were investigated under various laboratory conditions. The overall result demonstrates that the evaporation of condensate oils is highly dependent on the air-exposed time and the total loss of condensate oils could be more than 90% within a short time. However, a certain amount of the high-molecular weight and toxic oil contents such as phenanthrenes still highly remain in the aquatic system even after a long evaporation process, indicating their detrimental potentials to the aquatic organisms. Based on these data, for the Sanchi oil spill accident, it is assumed that although the evaporation weathering of the total condensate oil mass is probably tremendous, the long-term ecological risks of the remaining oil components in the marine environment are strongly recommended to be carefully evaluated.展开更多
Based on GC-MS data of saturate and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions in crude oils from Well TD 2 and the Yingmaili and Tazhong area in the Tarim Basin, the end-member oil derived from Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source r...Based on GC-MS data of saturate and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions in crude oils from Well TD 2 and the Yingmaili and Tazhong area in the Tarim Basin, the end-member oil derived from Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rocks was determined. The analytical results show that the crude oil from Well TD2 is rich in 3-6 ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons without alkyl group, suggesting that this oil was altered by an abnormally thermal event. It contains a complete series of normal alkanes and 25-norhopanes,展开更多
基金supported by the University Research Program of Shandong Province (Grant No.J09LE08)the Open Found of Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Sedimentary Mineral, Shandong Province (Grant No.DMSM200807)
文摘Abundant aromatic fractions were detected in oils from the Linnan subsag, including aphthalenes, phenanthrenes, triaromatic steroids, biphenyl, fluorenes, dibenzothiophenes, dibenzofuranes, as well as some typical higher plant-sourced compounds, such as pyrene, benzopyrene, fluoranthene, chryaene, benzofluoranthrene, perylene and cadalene. Occurrences of biomarkers indicate that oils from the Linnan subsag are typical terrestrially genetic oils. Developed in the depositional environment is a strong reduction condition typical of brackish-saline lake. Thermal evolution has entered into the mature-high mature stage.
文摘Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are one of the most important groups in oil,and re sponsible for major toxic and/or carcinogenic impact on humans and wildlife.It is important to understand the behavior of PAHs in marine environment after an oil-spill incident.However,interaction between petroleum PAHs and microbial communities in a marine environment remains unclear.Therefore,a series of mesocosm experiments were conducted.in which water-accommodated fraction(WAF)of oil was generated to simulate an oil-spill scenario and to analyze the transport and behavior of marine oil spill containing PAHs with and without dispersants.Results indicate that the application of dispersant could increase the concentration of total PAHs in water column due mainly to significant increase in the concentration of highmolecular weight(HMW)PAHs at a lower removal rate.At the end of the 7-day experiment,significant amount of HMW PAHs were accumulated in sediment.In general,the application of dispersant did not increase the sediment uptake of PAHs but increased the PAHs concentration in water column.
基金supported jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40973041)the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No.20104220110001)
文摘Based on quantitative GC-MS analysis of 40 crude oil samples collected from the south area of western Qaidam Basin,one of the largest saline lacustrine basins in China,the geochemical characteristics of aromatic hydrocarbons in oils were studied systematically in this paper.Among those constitutes,naphthalene(43% 59%),phenanthrene(12% 21%) and taromatic-sterane series(6% 28%) were the main ones of aromatic hydrocarbons.The ratio of aromatic hydrocarbon maturity parameter vs.saturated hydrocarbon maturity parameter C 29 20S/(20S+20R) shows that some aromatic hydrocarbon maturity parameters are not suitable for low-mature oils,including MPI,MNR,DNR,etc.Meanwhile,maturity parameters for dibenzothiophene and taromatic-sterane series are more appropriate for low maturity saline lacustrine crude oils.Based on the ratio of 4,6-DMDBT/1,4-DMDBT,the R c values are within the range of 0.59% 0.72%.However,the abundance of dibenzothiophene(DBT) is low,and the dibenzofuran(DBF) content is even lower,suggesting that the crude oils were formed in a saline lacustrine anaerobic environment.The high abundance of C 26 triaromatic steroid also indicates that the source material is brackish water-saline water with strong reducibility.
基金support from the National Key Basic Research Science Foundation (Grant No. 2006CB202500. 4-1)
文摘An efficient analytical method combining pyrolysis and capillary GC/MS has been developed for determination and quantitation of targeted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.The limit of detection ranged from 0.29 μg/g to 43.46 μg/g,and repeatability values were between 0.1% and 8.2% for blank spiked samples and between 0.1 % and 9.8% for real samples of heavy oils.Through application of the proposed method in hydrotreating processes,it has been found out that heavy oils before and after the specified hydroprocessing treatment exhibited a diverse PAHs distribution which might be determined by the discrepancy in their intrinsic contents and hydrogenation reactivity.Furthermore,the hydrogenation reactivity of different polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was further investigated and discovered to be more interrelated to molecular structure and rings alignment or conjugation mode.
文摘Tunnel wash waters characterize all waters that run off after washing procedures of tunnels are performed.These waters represent a wide spectrum of organic and inorganic pollutants,such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)and toxic metals.Removal of such contaminants from water runoff was investigated using laboratory tests after washing procedure was performed on two road tunnels in eastern Norway(Hanekleiv and Bragernes).Due to diverse character of both,treatment media and treated wash waters, the wh...
基金supports from Prince of Songkla University(an annual research grant for fiscal years 2008-2010),the Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry(PERCH-CIC),Office of the Higher Education Commission,Ministry of Education,Thailandthe Chaipattana Foundation under the support of the King of Thailand
文摘Mixed crude palm oil （MCPO）, the mixture of palm fiber oil and palm kernel oil, has become of great interest as a renewable energy source. It can be easily extracted from whole dried palm fruits. In the present work, the degummed, deacidified MCPO was blended in petroleum diesel at portions of 30% and 40% by volume and then tested in agricultural diesel engines for long term usage. The particulates from the exhaust of the engines were collected every 500 hr using a four-stage cascade air sampler. The 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameters for the first three stages were 10, 2.5 and 1μm, while the last stage collected all particles smaller than 1 μm. Sixteen particle bounded polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated that the size distribution of particulate matter was in the accmnulation mode and the pattern of total PAHs associated with fine-particles （〈 1 μm） showed a dominance of larger molecular weight PAHs （4--6 aromatic rings）, especially pyrene. The mass median diameter, PM and total PAH concentrations decreased when increasing the palm oil content, but increased when the running hours of the engine were increased. In addition, Commercial petroleum diesel （PB0） gave the highest value of carcinogenic potency equivalent （BaPeq） for all particle size ranges. As the palm oil was increased, the; BaPeq decreased gradually. Therefore the degununed-deacidified MCPO blends are recommended for diesel substitute.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41807341)the Young Orient Scholars Program of Shanghai (No.QD2017038)+1 种基金the Doctoral Scientific Research Starting Foundation of Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai Special Research Fund for Training College's Young Teachers (No.ZZSHOU18025)。
文摘The Sanchi oil tanker collision in the East China Sea on January 6th, 2018 has caused worldwide attention due to its uniqueness. A considerable amount of highly volatile natural-gas condensate oil was spilled, burned and sank with the Sanchi tanker, this entirely new kind of maritime disaster has posed massive unknowns to the public. In this study, for better understanding of the evaporative behavior of condensate oils, two condensate oils were investigated under various laboratory conditions. The overall result demonstrates that the evaporation of condensate oils is highly dependent on the air-exposed time and the total loss of condensate oils could be more than 90% within a short time. However, a certain amount of the high-molecular weight and toxic oil contents such as phenanthrenes still highly remain in the aquatic system even after a long evaporation process, indicating their detrimental potentials to the aquatic organisms. Based on these data, for the Sanchi oil spill accident, it is assumed that although the evaporation weathering of the total condensate oil mass is probably tremendous, the long-term ecological risks of the remaining oil components in the marine environment are strongly recommended to be carefully evaluated.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41772119,41272169)
文摘Based on GC-MS data of saturate and aromatic hydrocarbon fractions in crude oils from Well TD 2 and the Yingmaili and Tazhong area in the Tarim Basin, the end-member oil derived from Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rocks was determined. The analytical results show that the crude oil from Well TD2 is rich in 3-6 ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons without alkyl group, suggesting that this oil was altered by an abnormally thermal event. It contains a complete series of normal alkanes and 25-norhopanes,
