High‑Performance and Long‑Term Stability of MXene/PEDOT:PSS‑Decorated Cotton Yarn for Wearable Electronics Applications

High-performance wearable electronics are highly desirable for the development of body warming and human health monitoring devices.In the present study,high electrically conductive and photothermal cotton yarns(CYs)with long-term stability were prepared as wearable electronics.The process contains back-to-back decoration of the fiber surface by Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)(MXene)nanosheets,and the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)composite,to form a core–shell structure(MP@CY).The addition of a small amount of PEDOT:PSS plays a dual role of protecting the MXene from oxidation and increasing the electrical conductivity.The resulting yarn exhibits excellent electrical conductivity(21.8Ωcm^(−1)),rapid electrothermal response,and superb photothermal conversion capability,supporting its application as an optical/electrical dual-drive heater.A three-dimensional(3D)honeycomb-like textile wearable heater based on MP@CY as weft yarn demonstrates outstanding electrical thermal properties(0–2.5 V,30–196.8°C)and exceptional photothermal conversion(130 mW cm^(−2),64.2°C).Using an Internet of Things(IoT)microcontroller and Espressif(ESP)electronics chip,which are combined with wireless fidelity(Wi-Fi)and smartphone,real-time visualization and precise control of the temperature interface can be achieved.Furthermore,MP@CY-based knitted sensors,obtained by hand-knitting,are utilized for monitoring human movement and health,exhibiting high sensitivity and long-term cycling stability.

Multi-objective Optimal Trajectory and Placement of a Robot for Cotton Yarns Handling

This study deals with a robot manipulator for yarn bobbin handling in the cotton yarns lattice distortion modification system.The aim is to achieve an operation of yarn bobbin handling with minimal execution time,energy consumption and jerk in motion together.The placement of the robot,in relation to the yarn bobbin stations,is also optimized in conjunction of trajectory optimization.Three possible techniques for building the handling traj'ectory were considered:the quaternion spherical linear interpolation in Cartesian space,the quintic polynomial spline and quintic B-spline in joint space.The genetic algorithm(GA) was used to optimize the trajectories of the robot,with a penalty function to handle nonlinear constraints associated in the robot motion.Two simulations of the optimal trajectory in joint space and the placement of robot were carried out and the results obtained were presented and discussed.It is concluded that the quintic polynomial spline constructs a better trajectory in joint space and the proper placement of robot makes better performance.

Use of the Newly Synthesized Aqueous Polyurethane Acrylate Binders for Printing Cotton and Polyester Fabrics

The use of the four new synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders in the pigment print paste for screen printing cotton and polyester fabrics and pigment fixation through the polymerization process of the binder by using the thermofixation technique as well as the UV curing technique was studied. The effect of changing time and temperature of thermofixation, and the time of UV curing on the color strength, and prints fastness properties were also studied. The results showed that, the newly synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders could be successfully used for pigment fixation on cotton and polyester using the two fixation techniques and in general their prints possessed better color strength values as compared to those obtained upon using the selected commercial binders.

The Effect of Gauge Length on Tenacity of Cotton Yarns

The tensile properties of cotton yarns are studied. A lot of data are gotten and analyzed. It indicates that the breaking strength of the yarns follows Weibull distribution. Then the effect of sample length on strength is analyzed using Weibull's statistics. The Weibull parameters are calculated through regression method.The breaking strength of the yarn at different sample length is predicted. Theoretical prediction conforms the experimental results very well.

Recovery of Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabrics by Alkali Dissolution

A new type of alkali-soluble polyester/cotton blended yarns was used to knit a compact knitted fabric on a circular weft knitting machine,treated with 5 g/L NaOH solution for 60 min at a temperature of 100℃,and the polyester was completely dissolved.The dissolved polyester could be polymerized again by a polycondensation reaction.After the cotton fibers were opened and combed,the length and mechanical properties of the cotton fibers were tested.The physical and mechanical properties of the separated cotton fibers were good.The chemical structure and crystallinity were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis.It could be seen that the chemical structure of cotton fibers was almost unchanged after treatment,and the crystallinity decreased slightly.It provides some reference for the separation and recycling of waste polyester/cotton fabrics.

Effect of Blending Ratio on the Properties of Ramie/Polyester Blended Yarn

The effects of the blending ratio on the properties of Ramie/Polyester blended yarns are discussed in this paper. The experimental results show that the elongation of the yarn with the polyester content more than 40% is better than that of others. There is a lowest tenacity of the yarn corresponding to the blending ratio of 50/50 or so. The other properties of the yarn, such as the evenness and hairiness, will be improved with the increasing of the polyester content.

Predicting Bursting Strength Behavior of Weft Knitted Fabrics Using Various Percentages of Cotton, Polyester, and Spandex Fibers

The bursting strength is an essential quality parameter of knit fabric. The fabric structure, weight, types of fibers, and fiber blend proportion influence the bursting strength parameter. The tenacity of polyester fiber is better than cotton and spandex. The study focused on predicting knit fabric bursting strength test value using different fibers (cotton, polyester, and spandex) with varying percentages of the blend ratio. This study used fifteen categories of blended fabrics. The Pearson Correlation and the hypothetical ANOVA regression analysis were conducted to do the statistical significance test. The experimental result reveals that the bursting strength test result increased with the increased percentage of polyester and suggested a suitable regression equation. The dominance of the polyester fiber was observed throughout the experiment, i.e., the higher the polyester blend proportion, the higher the bursting strength value. The inclusion of polyester in blends can reduce the cost of fabric. The developed prediction model or equation can help the fabric manufacturer make appropriate decisions regarding getting the expected bursting strength. The researcher hopes that the findings from this study will motivate new researchers, advanced researchers, and the textile manufacturing industry.

Study of Rotor Spun Basofil/Cotton Blended Yarn Quality Characteristics during Optimisation of Processing Parameters

Yarn quality characteristics are affected by processing parameters. A 36 tex rotor spun yarn of 50/50 Basofil/ cotton （B/C） blended yarn was spun, and the spinning process optimised for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor. Selected yarn characteristics were studied during the optimization process. During the optimizations process yarn elongation and hairiness reduced with increase in rotor speed. Tenacity increased with increase of rotor speed. The increase in TF caused tenacity and CV of count to increase up to a peak and then started to decrease with further increase of TF.While TF caused an increase in yarn hairiness, elongation decreased to a minimum level and then started to increase with further increase of TF. CV of count and hairiness increased with increase in opening roller speed, but tenacity and elongation decreased with increase in opening roller speed. The optimization process yielded the optimum levels for rotor speed, opening roller speed and twist factor （TF） as 45,000 rpm, 6,500 rpm and 450 respectively. As per uster Standards the optimum yam showed good results for CV of count, CV of tenacity and thin places/km.

The Influence of Elimination of Roving Frame on Ring Spun Cotton Yarn Characteristics

Generally, ring spun yarns are manufactured from roving which is produced by roving frame. In this paper, an experiment has been done producing ring spun cotton yarn directly from finisher drawn sliver eliminating the roving frame. Total 3 types of yarn with the various linear density of 8 Ne, 10 Ne & 12 Ne were produced using a roving frame and without using a roving frame. In the next step, physical and mechanical properties of those yarns including unevenness, imperfections, hairiness & tenacity were investigated. The result showed that ring spun cotton yarns produced from sliver exhibited inferior physical and mechanical properties compared with samples from the conventional ring spinning system.

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN COTTON FIBRE PROPERTIES AND YARN QUALITY BY USING HIGH VOLUME INSTRUMENT(HVI)SYSTEM

The objective of this paper is to establish reliable prediction equations relating cotton fibreproperties measured by HVI system and yarn quality,A useful statistical method is adopted for de-veloping a multiple regression model interpreting the relation between the data of Spinlab HVIfibre properties and quality parameters of yarn STQ (Strength Tex Quotient).The percent relativecontribution of a fibre property with respect of STQ is also assessed.The results show that the totalcontribution of the HVI measured fibre properties can account for 77.4% of known variation ofyarn STQ.The main feature of the approach is its flexibility in accommodating all fibre properties.The examination of regression equation showed that it could be well applied to predict STQ ofyarns spun from the same spinning system,but,for different spinning systems and also for yarns ofdifferent linear density,modification of the equation would be needed.

Are yarn quality prediction tools useful in the breeding of high yielding and better fibre quality cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.)?

Results The population had large variations for lint yield,fibre properties,predicted yarn properties,and composite fibre quality values.Lint yield with all fibre quality traits was not correlated.When the selection was conducted first to keep those with improved fibre quality,and followed for high yields,a large proportion in the resultant populations was the same between selections based on Cottonspec predicted yarn quality and HVI-measured fibre properties.They both exceeded the selection based on FQI and Background The approach of directly testing yarn quality to define fibre quality breeding objectives and progress the selection is attractive but difficult when considering the need for time and labour.The question remains whether yarn prediction tools from textile research can serve as an alternative.In this study,using a dataset from three seasons of field testing recombinant inbred line population,Cottonspec,a software developed by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO)for predicting ring spun yarn quality from fibre properties measured by High Volume Instrument(HVI),was used to select improved fibre quality and lint yield in the population.The population was derived from an advanced generation inter-crossing of four CSIRO conventional commercial varieties.The Cottonspec program was able to provide an integrated index of the fibre qualities affecting yarn properties.That was compared with selection based on HVI-measured fibre properties,and two composite fibre quality variables,namely,fibre quality index(FQI),and premium and discount(PD)points.The latter represents the net points of fibre length,strength,and micronaire based on the Premiums and Discounts Schedule used in the market while modified by the inclusion of elongation.PD points.Conclusions The population contained elite segregants with improved yield and fibre properties,and Cottonspec predicted yarn quality is useful to effectively capture these elites.There is a need to further develop yarn quality prediction tools through collaborative efforts with textile mills,to draw better connectedness between fibre and yarn quality.This connection will support the entire cotton value chain research and evolution.

Structure and Properties of Pure Cotton Low-Twist Single Yarn Based on Addition of Long-Staple Cotton

Pure cotton low-twist single yarn has good softness,bulkiness,and wearing comfort,but its lower strength makes the yarn break easily during the spinning process,which seriously affects the spinning effect and progress.The addition of long-staple cotton helps to increase the average length and uniformity of the raw fiber,thereby improving the breaking load and spinnability of pure cotton low-twist single yarn.In this study,the addition of long-staple cotton,the twist factor,and the twist direction were used as variables to spin 22 kinds of combed 14.6 tex pure cotton low-twist single yarn with spinnability,and the breaking load,the hairiness,and the unevenness of the yarn were tested.The result shows that the spinnability of pure cotton low-twist single yarn is mainly related to the breaking load,and with the increase of the twist factor,the breaking load of low-twist single yarn shows an obvious upward trend.When the proportion of long-staple cotton is 70%,the breaking load of low-twist single yarn is the largest,and the harmful hairiness index and unevenness of the yarn are significantly improved.

Studying the Effect of Polyester Fiber Blend Ratio and Pilling Cycle on Blended Knit Fabrics

Pilling is a severe concern for blended fabrics. The aesthetic look and smoothness are the buyers’ prime requirements. The main focus of the study was to see the pilling behavior from various percentages of polyester fiber blend ratio as well as the different pilling cycles on blended fabrics. The cotton, polyester, and elastane prepared the study fabrics. These fabrics are (90% Cotton/5% Polyester/5% Elastane, 90% Cotton/6% Polyester/4% Elastane, 90% Cotton/7% Polyester/3% Elastane, 90% Cotton/8% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 90% Cotton/9% Polyester/1% Elastane, 85% Cotton/10% Polyester/5% Elastane, 85% Cotton/11% Polyester/4% Elastane, 85% Cotton/12% Polyester/3% Elastane, 85% Cotton/13% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 85% Cotton/ 14% Polyester/1% Elastane, 80% Cotton/15% Polyester/5% Elastane, 80% Cotton/16% Polyester/4% Elastane, 80% Cotton/17% Polyester/3% Elastane, 80% Cotton/18% Polyester/2% Elastane, and 80% Cotton/19% Polyester/1% Elastane). The selected polyester blend ratios were 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18% and 19% respectively. The study used the Martindale pilling tester with 2000, 5000, and 7000 cycles, respectively. The evaluation followed the ISO 12945-2:2000. The study findings are that the polyester fiber blend ratio did not influence the pilling grade on blended fabrics for pilling cycles 2000, and the pilling grade remained constant at 4 - 5. The pilling grade started to deteriorate in pilling cycle 5000 for the fabrics 85%C/10%P/5%E, 85%C/11%P/4%E, 85%C/12%P/3%E, 85%C/ 13%P/2%E, 85%C/14%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 4, and the fabrics made from 80%C/15%P/5%E, 80%C/16%P/4%E, 80%C/17%P/3%E, 80%C/ 18%P/2%E, 80%C/19%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 4, 3, 3, 3, and 3 respectively. For the pilling cycles 7000, the pilling grade further deteriorated for the fabrics 80%C/15%P/5%E, 80%C/16%P/4%E, 80%C/17%P/3%E, 80%C/ 18%P/2%E, 80%C/19%P/1%E showed the pilling grade 3, 3, 2, 2, and 2 respectively. The study finds the dominance of polyester fiber throughout the experiment. The author hopes this study’s outcome will help new researchers, advanced researchers, and the textile industry’s sustainable development research and development team.

Why does cotton yarn import plunge in April?

According to customs statistics,in April 2020,China imported 140,000 tons of cotton yarn,a year-onyear decrease of 26.32%(in April,the import amount of China's textile yarn,fabric and products was USD 1.14 billion,a year-on-year decrease of 25.4%);from September 2019 to April 2020,China imported 1.24 million tons of cotton yarn,a year-on-year decrease of 4.62%.

Cotton Yarn Import in April

According to the Statistics Center of China National Textile and Apparel Council,inthe first four months of2010,the import of cotton yarn achieved 103085 tons,with

Finishing Effect on Warmth Property of Cotton/Kapok Blended Knitted Fabric

Nowadays,more and more natural or functional fibers are being investigated due to their utilization in thermal underwear.Kapok fiber is one of the natural cellulosic fibers whose source is the kapok plant. It has hollow body and sealed tail,which exhibits desirable features required for functional textiles of this nature. In this study,cotton / kapok( 80 /20 by mass) blended yarn with two types of yarn size 18. 5 and 14. 8 tex,respectively are knitted into plain stitches. The fabrics are undergone with an optimal preparation plan according to orthogonal design. Then,after dyeing and softening,fabric properties including thermal and water-vapour resistances, wicking property, pilling behaviour, and surface morphology,are tested and scrutinized for their candidacy for thermal underwear. The results showed that cotton / kapok blended fabrics have good thermal resistance which is significantly higher than those of cotton / modal blended fabrics,and the same water vapour resistance compared with cotton / modal blended fabrics which are normally used as underwear. Cotton / modal blended knitted fabrics has better pilling grade than cotton / kapok blended fabrics. Meanwhile, the cotton / kapok blends fabrics have good wicking property. Collectively,it was concluded that cotton / kapok blended fabric was appropriate for thermal underwear. However,the main limitation of these fabrics is their pilling properties.

Moisture-sensitive torsional cotton artificial muscle and textile

Developing moisture-sensitive artificial muscles from industrialized natural fibers with large abundance is highly desired for smart textiles that can respond to humidity or temperature change.However,currently most of fiber artificial muscles are based on non-common industrial textile materials or of a small portion of global textile fiber market.In this paper,we developed moisture-sensitive torsional artificial muscles and textiles based on cotton yarns.It was prepared by twisting the cotton yarn followed by folding in the middle point to form a self-balanced structure.The cotton yarn muscle showed a torsional stroke of 42.55°/mm and a rotational speed of 720 rpm upon exposure to water moisture.Good reversibility and retention of stroke during cyclic exposure and removal of water moisture were obtained.A moisturesensitive smart window that can close when it rains was demonstrated based on the torsional cotton yarn muscles.This twist-based technique combining natural textile fibers provides a new insight for construction of smart textile materials.

Predicting GM(1,N) Model for the Coefficient of Variation of Hectometer Yarn's Weight

The Coefficient of Variation(CV)of hectometer yarn's weight is one of the guidelines to evaluate its intrinsic quality.In the spinning manufacturing,the control of cotton yarn's weight unevenness is accomplished mainly in terms of a spot-check on semi-product and a succedent adjust in process parameters during spinning based on technicians' experience.However,it is theoretically believed among manufacturers that with fixed technical levels and parameters in the spinning process,the quality parameters of assorted cotton have a certain influence on the CV.In order to find out a rule of the influence that assorted cotton has on the CV,a GM(1,N)model,correlated raw cotton's quality parameter with the CV,has firstly been developed according to the modeling theory of grey system,and then been applied in the designing step to predict the CV.It has been approved by practical modeling and validation that the model could fit preferably an accrual CV value,and provide a method of quantitative predicting analysis for textile manufacturers to design cotton yarn's quality.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHINESE AND AMERICAN COTTONS

Thirty-six Chinese cottons were investigated for their physical properties using ASTM stand-ard test methods. Conventional methods using stelometer, fibrograph, and micronaireinstrumentation provided physical properties of tenacity, elongation, length, and fineness. Varietaland regional variations were examined. The Chinese cottons were compared with upland varietiesof American cottons grown across the country. In general, American cottons were stronger, butperhaps a little shorter than Chinese cottons. American cottons were no more mature on the aver-age, and they had lower elongations than did the Chinese cottons. The American cottons alsotended toward higher length uniformity than those varieties grown in China. High yarn strengthwas strongly favored by American cottons.