Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are emerging persistent organic pollutants(POPs).In this study,47 surface sediment samples were collected from the Yellow River Delta wetland(YRDW)to investigate the occurrence...Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are emerging persistent organic pollutants(POPs).In this study,47 surface sediment samples were collected from the Yellow River Delta wetland(YRDW)to investigate the occurrence,spatial distribution,potential sources,and ecological risks of PFASs.Twenty-three out of 26 targeted PFASs were detected in surface sediment samples from the YRDW,with totalΣ23PFASs concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 16.30 ng g^(-1) dw and a median value of 2.27 ng g^(-1) dw.Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS)were the main contaminants.The detection frequency and concentration of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids(PFCAs)were higher than those of perfluoroal-kanesulfonic acids(PFSAs),while those of long-chain PFASs were higher than those of short-chain PFASs.The emerging PFASs substitutes were dominated by 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid(6:2 Cl-PFESA).The distribution of PFASs is significantly influenced by the total organic carbon content in the sediments.The concentration of PFASs seems to be related to human activities,with high concentration levels of PFASs near locations such as beaches and villages.By using a positive matrix factorization model,the potential sources of PFASs in the region were identified as metal plating mist inhibitor and fluoropolymer manufacturing sources,metal plating industry and firefighting foam and textile treatment sources,and food packaging material sources.The risk assessment indicated that PFASs in YRDW sediments do not pose a significant ecological risk to benthic organisms in the region overall,but PFOA and PFOS exert a low to moderate risk at individual stations.展开更多
新污染物(emerging contaminants)概念于2001年首次被国外学者提出,目前已经成为全球环境和市政领域关注的热点话题。饮用水是新污染物重要的暴露途径之一,因此评估自来水厂处理工艺对新污染物的去除效果具有重要意义。本文综述了供水...新污染物(emerging contaminants)概念于2001年首次被国外学者提出,目前已经成为全球环境和市政领域关注的热点话题。饮用水是新污染物重要的暴露途径之一,因此评估自来水厂处理工艺对新污染物的去除效果具有重要意义。本文综述了供水领域重点关注的新型消毒副产物(disinfection by-products,DBPs)、全氟和多氟烷基类物质(per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFAS)、药物及个人护理品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)、内分泌干扰物(endocrine disrupting chemicals,EDCs)等新污染物的污染情况,发现我国水环境、水源水及自来水水中均存在不同浓度水平的新污染物且部分区域的风险较高。本文统计了水厂预处理工艺(预臭氧和生物曝气滤池),常规处理工艺(混凝、沉淀、砂滤、消毒)和深度处理工艺(臭氧、活性炭、膜过滤)对新污染物的去除效果,探究了各工艺对新污染物的去除机理,结果表明自来水厂常规工艺对各类新污染物的去除能力都十分有限。总的来说,本文可为供水行业落实新污染物治理行动方案,控制饮用水中新污染物风险,保障饮水健康提供参考。展开更多
随着工业化发展,环境污染物的种类和数量不断增加。环境污染物广泛存在于空气、食品和生活用品等传播介质中,妊娠期接触环境污染物不仅影响孕妇健康,还可能对分娩结果及胎儿的发育产生不利影响。胎盘作为母体和胎儿之间的屏障,对部分环...随着工业化发展,环境污染物的种类和数量不断增加。环境污染物广泛存在于空气、食品和生活用品等传播介质中,妊娠期接触环境污染物不仅影响孕妇健康,还可能对分娩结果及胎儿的发育产生不利影响。胎盘作为母体和胎儿之间的屏障,对部分环境污染物具有选择性阻隔作用,即一些污染物被阻留于母体血液,而另一些环境污染物通过被动扩散、胎盘转运蛋白或内吞作用穿过胎盘屏障,进入胎儿脐带血中。跨胎盘转移效率(transplacental transfer efficiency,TTE)即污染物在脐带血中与在母体血液中水平的比值,常用于评估环境污染物跨越胎盘屏障的能力。TTE与污染物的相对分子质量、脂溶性、极性和结构特征等理化性质有关;母体和胎儿的健康状况、胎盘血流量、胎盘成熟度、胎盘转运蛋白和代谢酶的功能也会显著影响污染物的转移过程。本文总结了TTE的研究方法以及近年来有关环境污染物(全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFASs)、多溴二苯醚(PBDEs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)等)的TTE研究进展,并讨论了影响TTE的主要因素。本文对环境污染物的跨胎盘转移机制研究具有指导意义,并有助于评估环境污染物对孕妇和胎儿健康风险的影响。展开更多
建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定复杂水质中25种全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs)含量的分析方法。样品经直接过滤、乙腈提取或固相萃取,用Agilent Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱分离,以含0.01%甲酸的甲醇溶液和水作为流动相,梯度洗脱,在电喷雾负...建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定复杂水质中25种全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs)含量的分析方法。样品经直接过滤、乙腈提取或固相萃取,用Agilent Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱分离,以含0.01%甲酸的甲醇溶液和水作为流动相,梯度洗脱,在电喷雾负离子模式下,采用多反应监测模式检测,用内标法定量。25种PFASs的质量浓度在0.5~100μg/L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,3种样品处理方法的检出限分别为0.06~0.20、0.002~0.006μg/L和0.1~0.2 ng/L。样品加标平均回收率为69.9%~115%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.9%~19.6%(n=6)。该方法简单快捷、重现性好、灵敏度较高,适用于氟化工园区污水、地表水和地下水中25种PFASs的测定。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.42377217)the Cooperation Fund between Dongying City and Universities(No.SXHZ-2023-02-6).
文摘Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are emerging persistent organic pollutants(POPs).In this study,47 surface sediment samples were collected from the Yellow River Delta wetland(YRDW)to investigate the occurrence,spatial distribution,potential sources,and ecological risks of PFASs.Twenty-three out of 26 targeted PFASs were detected in surface sediment samples from the YRDW,with totalΣ23PFASs concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 16.30 ng g^(-1) dw and a median value of 2.27 ng g^(-1) dw.Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),perfluorobutanoic acid(PFBA)and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid(PFOS)were the main contaminants.The detection frequency and concentration of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids(PFCAs)were higher than those of perfluoroal-kanesulfonic acids(PFSAs),while those of long-chain PFASs were higher than those of short-chain PFASs.The emerging PFASs substitutes were dominated by 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonic acid(6:2 Cl-PFESA).The distribution of PFASs is significantly influenced by the total organic carbon content in the sediments.The concentration of PFASs seems to be related to human activities,with high concentration levels of PFASs near locations such as beaches and villages.By using a positive matrix factorization model,the potential sources of PFASs in the region were identified as metal plating mist inhibitor and fluoropolymer manufacturing sources,metal plating industry and firefighting foam and textile treatment sources,and food packaging material sources.The risk assessment indicated that PFASs in YRDW sediments do not pose a significant ecological risk to benthic organisms in the region overall,but PFOA and PFOS exert a low to moderate risk at individual stations.
文摘新污染物(emerging contaminants)概念于2001年首次被国外学者提出,目前已经成为全球环境和市政领域关注的热点话题。饮用水是新污染物重要的暴露途径之一,因此评估自来水厂处理工艺对新污染物的去除效果具有重要意义。本文综述了供水领域重点关注的新型消毒副产物(disinfection by-products,DBPs)、全氟和多氟烷基类物质(per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFAS)、药物及个人护理品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)、内分泌干扰物(endocrine disrupting chemicals,EDCs)等新污染物的污染情况,发现我国水环境、水源水及自来水水中均存在不同浓度水平的新污染物且部分区域的风险较高。本文统计了水厂预处理工艺(预臭氧和生物曝气滤池),常规处理工艺(混凝、沉淀、砂滤、消毒)和深度处理工艺(臭氧、活性炭、膜过滤)对新污染物的去除效果,探究了各工艺对新污染物的去除机理,结果表明自来水厂常规工艺对各类新污染物的去除能力都十分有限。总的来说,本文可为供水行业落实新污染物治理行动方案,控制饮用水中新污染物风险,保障饮水健康提供参考。
文摘随着工业化发展,环境污染物的种类和数量不断增加。环境污染物广泛存在于空气、食品和生活用品等传播介质中,妊娠期接触环境污染物不仅影响孕妇健康,还可能对分娩结果及胎儿的发育产生不利影响。胎盘作为母体和胎儿之间的屏障,对部分环境污染物具有选择性阻隔作用,即一些污染物被阻留于母体血液,而另一些环境污染物通过被动扩散、胎盘转运蛋白或内吞作用穿过胎盘屏障,进入胎儿脐带血中。跨胎盘转移效率(transplacental transfer efficiency,TTE)即污染物在脐带血中与在母体血液中水平的比值,常用于评估环境污染物跨越胎盘屏障的能力。TTE与污染物的相对分子质量、脂溶性、极性和结构特征等理化性质有关;母体和胎儿的健康状况、胎盘血流量、胎盘成熟度、胎盘转运蛋白和代谢酶的功能也会显著影响污染物的转移过程。本文总结了TTE的研究方法以及近年来有关环境污染物(全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFASs)、多溴二苯醚(PBDEs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)等)的TTE研究进展,并讨论了影响TTE的主要因素。本文对环境污染物的跨胎盘转移机制研究具有指导意义,并有助于评估环境污染物对孕妇和胎儿健康风险的影响。
文摘建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定复杂水质中25种全氟/多氟化合物(PFASs)含量的分析方法。样品经直接过滤、乙腈提取或固相萃取,用Agilent Eclipse Plus C_(18)色谱柱分离,以含0.01%甲酸的甲醇溶液和水作为流动相,梯度洗脱,在电喷雾负离子模式下,采用多反应监测模式检测,用内标法定量。25种PFASs的质量浓度在0.5~100μg/L范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,3种样品处理方法的检出限分别为0.06~0.20、0.002~0.006μg/L和0.1~0.2 ng/L。样品加标平均回收率为69.9%~115%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.9%~19.6%(n=6)。该方法简单快捷、重现性好、灵敏度较高,适用于氟化工园区污水、地表水和地下水中25种PFASs的测定。
