Effects of different processing methods on the quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Background:In this study,we explored the effects of different processing methods on the quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(PC),and the role of Huangjiu in the processing procedure.Methods:The sensory characteristics of the crude product,steamed product,and wine-processed product of PC were described.The colorimeter was used to analyze the chromatic values of three different processed products on PC.At the same time,the contents of the water extract and alcohol extract were measured separately.The content of three different processing Polygonatum Polysaccharide(PCP)was determined using 0.2%anthrone-sulfuric acid.The correlation difference between the chromatic values and chemical composition of different PC products was analyzed using various analytical methods.Results:The surface colors gradually deepened,the sweetness increased,the viscosity strengthened,and the tongue-numbing sensation disappeared after PC processing.The contents of extract and L^(*) gradually decreased from the crude to the steamed to the wine-processed product,consistent with the pattern of surface color alteration.While,E^(*)ab gradually increased.The content of PCP was crude product>wine-processed product>steamed product.The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the samples processed for crude,steamed,and wine-processed product were clustered into three classes.The correlation analysis showed that L^(*)and E^(*)ab were highly significant positively correlated with the content of PCP,and a*was significantly negatively correlated with the content of PCP.Conclusion:The results showed that the wine-processed product had the best quality.The internal quality of the PC was correlated with its characteristics and chromatic value.In this study,we investigated the internal and external quality of three different products of PC in order to provide a reference for further research on the impact of different processing methods on PC quality,the standardization of PC processing,and the role of Huangjiu in the processing of PC.

Study on the processing technology of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua decoction pieces based on softening method and drying method

Background:To optimize the steaming processing technology of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(PC)decoction pieces.Methods:The softening method and drying method of PC decoction pieces were studied with Polygonatum Polysaccharide(PCP),diosgenin combined extract as quantitative indexes.The process parameters such as softening time,drying temperature and drying time were determined,and the best processing technology of PC decoction pieces was optimized.Results:Among the three softening methods of PC,the infiltration method had the highest ranking,with an average comprehensive index of 0.9496,and the softening effect was the best.Among the three drying methods,the drying effect of the hot air drying method was the best,and the average comprehensive index was 0.8233.Conclusion:The infiltration method is the best softening method for PC decoction pieces,and the hot air drying method is the best drying method for PC decoction pieces.

Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide on Antioxidant Capacity of the Liver in High-fat Diet Rats

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide(PSP)on antioxidant function in high-fat diet obese rats.[Methods]Thirty five healthy male SD rats were selected to establish an obesity model after feeding a high-fat for 8 weeks.They were then randomly divided into a normal group(NC),a high-fat diet group(HF),and an HF+P.sibiricum polysaccharide group[HF+PSP,300 mg/(kg·d)].After 6 weeks of PSP intervention,the serum and liver of rats were collected,and the activity of aspartate transaminase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in serum,the enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in liver tissue were measured.The pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by HE staining.[Results]Compared with the HF group,PSP could effectively inhibit obesity caused by high-fat diet.It reduced body weight and serum AST and ALT levels,increased the contents of T-SOD,CAT and GSH-Px in the liver,and inhibited the accumulation of MDA content,thereby reducing damage to liver cells caused by a high-fat diet.It indicated that PSP could effectively inhibit obesity in high-fat diet rats and enhance their antioxidant capacity.[Conclusions]This study provides a reference for the study of the antioxidant capacity of PSP.

Effects of polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide on learning and memory in a scopolamine-induced mouse model of dementia

BACKGROUND： Learning and memory processes are accompanied by complex neuropathological and biochemical changes. Free radicals play an important role in learning and memory damage. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effects of polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide （PSP） in comparison with vitamin 12 on inhibiting free radical damage, as well as improving the degree of cerebral ischemia and learning and memory in a scopolamine-induced mouse model of dementia. DESIGN： Randomized controlled animal study. SETTINGS： Department of Pharmacology, Taishan Medical College; Shandong Jewim Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. MATERIALS： A total of 105 healthy Kunming mice, comprising 90 males and 15 females that were clean grade, were provided by the Animal Center of Taishan Medical College. PSP （extracted and purified by Huangjing, Taishan） was provided by the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taishan Medical College （purity of 79.6% by using a phenol-concentrated sulphate acid method）, and hydrogen bromine acid scopolamine injection solution （SCO） by Shanghai Hefeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. METHODS： This study was performed at the Pharmacological Laboratory of Taishan Medical College from March to June 2007. （1） A total of 75 healthy Kunming male mice of clean grade were randomly divided into a normal control group, positive control group, and low-dosage and high-dosage PSP groups, with 15 mice in each group. Mice in both the low-dosage and high-dosage PSP groups were intragastrically administered 0.5 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg PSP, respectively. Mice in the positive control group were intragastrically administered 0.5 g/kg vitamin 12. In addition, mice in both the normal control group and model group were intragastrically administered the same volume of saline, respectively, once a day for 7 consecutive days. One hour after the final administration on day 6, mice in the positive control group, model group, low-dosage and high-dosage PSP groups were subcutaneously injected with 3.0 mg/kg SCO, while mice in the normal control group were subcutaneously injected with the same volume of distilled water. Ten minutes later, the step test was employed to measure memory. The training was performed 5 times, with 30-minute intervals between 2 sets. If the mice remained on the platform （latent period） for 30 minutes, they were determined to have learned the task. An eligible percentage was then recorded. Twenty-four hours later, the number of error responses from each mouse was recorded in a 5-minute period, based on the above-mentioned parameters. Mice were sacrificed under anesthesia. The activities of glutathione hyperoxide enzyme （GSH-Px）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） were assayed using an UV spectrophotometer. （2） The remaining 30 healthy Kunming mice of both genders were randomly divided into 3 groups, including control group, low-dosage PSP group, and high-dosage PSP group, with 10 mice in each group. Mice in both the low-dosage and high-dosage PSP groups were intragastrically administered 0.5 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg PSP, respectively, while the mice in the control group were perfused with the same volume of saline. Forty minutes later, the mice under superficial anesthesia were decapitated, and the number and duration of mouth-opening breaths of the isolated mouse head were immediately recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE： （1） Numbers of error responses within 5 minutes on the platform. （2） GSH-Px and SOD activity, as well as MDA content in mouse brain tissue. （3） Numbers and duration of mouth-opening breaths of the isolated mouse head. RESULTS： Of the 105 Kunming experimental mice, two mice died due to electric shock during the step-down test, therefore, a total of 103 mice were involved in the final analysis. （1） Effects of PSP on learning in mice： The eligible percentage in the high-dosage PSP group was higher than the control group at the 3rd and 5th training sessions （P 〈 0.05）. （2） Effects of PSP on memory in mice： The number of errors in the step-down test in the model group was higher than in the normal control group （P 〈 0.01）. Compared to the model group, the number of errors in the step-down test was lower in both the low-dosage and high-dosage PSP groups （P 〈 0.01）. （3） Effects of PSP on amount of GSH-Px, SOD, and MDA in mouse brain tissue： SOD and GSH-Px activity was higher in both the low-dosage and high-dosage PSP groups than in the model group. MDA content was lower in the high-dosage PSP group, compared to the model group. GSH-Px activity in the brain tissue of the high-dosage PSP group was similar to the positive control group （P 〉 0.05）. （4） Effects of PSP on acute cerebral ischemia in mice： The low-dosage PSP, and in particular the high-dosage PSP, prolonged the number and duration of mouth-opening breaths of the isolated mouse head （P 〈 0.05, 0.01）. CONCLUSION： PSP can improve learning and memory in a scopolamine-induced mouse model of dementia by reducing the damaging effects of cerebral ischemia and anti-oxidation. In addition, the effects are dose-dependent and are similar to those provided by vitamin E.

In vitro Inhibitory Activity of Shisandra chinensis and Polygonatum sibiricum against Vibrio harveyi and Its Biofilms

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the in vitro inhibitory activity of Shisandra chinensis and Polygonatum sibiricum against Vibrio harveyi and its biofilms. [Result] By agar diffusion test, in vitro inhibitory activity of 5. chinensis and P. sibiricum against V. harveyi was investigated. The minimal inhibitory concentration （ MIC） and minimal bactericidal concentration （MBC） of 5. chinensis and P. sibiricum against V. harveyi were determined by doubling dilution meth-od. The inhibitory activity of 5. chinensis and P. sibiricum on the formation of V. harveyi biofilms was evaluated by modified MTT assay. [ Result ] Both 5. chinen-sis and P. sibiricum had inhibitory activity against V. harveyi. The inhibition zone diameter of 5. chinensis against V. harveyi was 17. 95 mm; MIC and MBC of 5. chinensis were both 3.125 mg/ml. The inhibition zone diameter of P. sibiricum against V. harveyi was 12. 22 mm; MIC and MBC of P. sibiricum were 3.125 and 6.250 mg/ml, respectively. When the concentration was higher than 6. 25 mg/ml, 5. chinensis decoction had extremely significant inhibitory activity against V. harveyi （P 〈 0. 01） ; when the concentration was higher than 3. 125 mg/ml, P. sibiricum had extremely significant inhibitory activity against V. harveyi （P 〈0. 01）. [ Conclusion] 5. chinensis and P. sibiricum could significantly inhibit V. harveyi and its biofilms.

Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides protect against obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats fed a high-fat diet

Polygonatum sibiricum is a traditional medicinal and dietary plant of the family Liliaceae. The main functional macromolecules of P. sibiricum are polysaccharides, which function in antioxidation and regulating immunity. Previous studies have shown that insulin resistance(IR), oxidative stress, and inflammation are important factors in the induction of lipid metabolic diseases such as obesity. Therefore, in this study, we established a high-fat diet-induced rat model of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) to explore the potential protective effect of P. sibiricum polysaccharides(PSPs) and the mechanisms behind it. After 4 weeks of high-fat diet feeding to induce obesity, the rats were treated with different doses of PSP solution or distilled water for 6 weeks. Compared with untreated obese rats, PSP-treated obese rats showed a decrease in body weight, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, hepatic aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity, hepatic malondialdehyde content, and hepatic levels of the pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6, as well as increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity. Pathological analysis and immunoblotting of the liver tissues indicated that mechanistically, PSPs reduced obesity and NAFLD in rats by upregulating insulin receptor expression, increasing adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and downregulating sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 and low-density lipoprotein receptor expression, thus promoting lipid metabolism, decreasing body weight, and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress caused by lipid accumulation. Based on these results, PSPs may have the potential to reduce obesity and NAFLD associated with a high-fat diet.

Cultivation Techniques for Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua in Hunan

This study works on setting a scientific standard for Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua regarding its growth site condition,seed-stem choice,cultivation technique,field management,harvest,processing and storage.It aims at standardizing the cultivation of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua and providing technical support for the sustainable development of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua in Hunan Province.

Establishment of Quality Standard for Freeze-dried Tablets of Polygonatum sibiricum and Study on Anti-tumor Activity of Diosgenin

[Objectives]The paper was to establish the quality standard for freeze-dried tablets of Polygonatum sibiricum and to explore the antitumor activity of its extract diosgenin.[Methods]Taking freeze-dried powder samples of P.sibiricum from 4 different producing areas as materials,and referring to the quality standard of P.sibiricum in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition),the contents of total ash,moisture,extract,total sugar and diosgenin were determined by total ash determination method,drying method,hot dipping method,0.2%anthrone-sulfuric acid method and HPLC,respectively.The antitumor activities of diosgenin against A431(human epidermal carcinoma cells),H1975(human lung adenocarcinoma cells)and Ramos(human B lymphoblastoma cells)were investigated by MTT assay.[Results]The moisture content of the samples was 2.8%-4.7%(not more than 18.0%);the total ash content was 1.9%-3.4%(not more than 4.0%);the ethanol-soluble extract content was 72.99%-78.99%(not less than 45.0%);and the total sugar content was 7.95%-9.94%(not less than 7.0%).The lowest content of diosgenin was 0.18%,and diosgenin was significantly resistant to A431.[Conclusions]The content determination method established in the study is simple,accurate and reproducible.

Effect and mechanism of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide on osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide(PSP)on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs).Methods:The mouse BMSCs were cultured and induced in osteoblast medium(OBM)containing finalconcentrations(0 mg/L,12.5 mg/L,25 mg/L,and 50 mg/L)of PSP.The proliferation and cytotoxicity of BMSCs were detected by MTT assay.Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and Alizarin red S staining were performed after 7 days' ossification-inducing culture.The mRNA expressions of ALP,Runx2 and osteocalcin(OCN)were determined by fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR).The mRNA and protein expressions of Tafazzin(TAZ)(a key effector of Hippo pathway)were measured by qPCR and western blotting,respectively.Results:PSP was non-cytotoxicwithin the dose range of 12.5-50 mg/L and had no impact on the proliferation of BMSCs.The activity of ALP,the intensity of ALP staining,and the formation of mineralized nodules were increased by PSP treatment(25 and50 mg/L)(P<0.01).Moreover,administration of 25 mg/L PSP significantly enhanced the mRNA levels of osteoblastic differentiation makers ALP,Runx2 and OCN as well as the mRNA and protein expressions of TAZ(P<0.01).Conclusion:PSP could promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs,and the mechanisms might be related to the activation of TAZ in the Hippo signaling pathway.

The therapeutic mechanism of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide on T2DM rats based on the Nrf2 signaling pathway

Background:This study will be aimed at investigating the effects of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide(PSP)in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:Thirty Sprague–Dawley male rats were evenly distributed into three groups:normal,T2DM,and PSP groups,by applying a random sample table method.The typical cluster was served balanced food every day,whereas the others were supplied with a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injections to make T2DM rat models.The changes in humor organic chemistry indicators and liver histopathology were determined following the model institution for every cluster.After PSP intervention,western blotting was applied to research the expression levels of crucial transcription factors concerned within the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)signal pathway,as well as Nrf2,glutamate-cysteine ligase chemical process fractional monetary unit,NQO1 and HO-1 within the liver tissues of the rat models,and to seem into the therapeutic edges of PSP and the way it happens in T2DM rats.Results:PSP intervention considerably reduced the concentration levels of aldohexose,lipids,liver-operated indicators,and alternative organic chemistry indicators within the humor of T2DM rat models and improved the histopathological changes within the liver.In addition,the activity of SOD and GSH-Px were increased,and the levels of MDA were decreased in the liver tissues of T2DM rat models following PSP intervention.Western blotting revealed that the expression levels of the Nrf2,HO-1,glutamate-cysteine ligase chemical,and NQO1 proteins were increased in rat liver tissues following PSP intervention.Conclusion:PSP has therapeutic effects in T2DM rat models,and its mechanism of motion might also be related to regulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway in liver tissues and alleviating oxidative stress.

九蒸九制对黄精中AGEs含量、多糖结构及体外活性的影响

为初步判断九蒸九制黄精多糖含量下降的主要原因及九蒸九制对黄精多糖体外活性的影响,本文测定了九蒸九制黄精中5-羟甲基糠醛(5-HMF)及晚期糖基化终产物(AGEs)的含量,考察了九蒸九制前后黄精纯化多糖的结构变化,并分析这些变化对黄精体外活性的影响。结果表明九蒸九制黄精发生了美拉德反应,5-HMF含量为(631.3±21.5)μg/g,羧甲基赖氨酸(CML)和羧乙基赖氨酸(CEL)含量分别为(342.4±11.3)μg/g和(63.7±9.8)μg/g。并对黄精多糖的结构及组成产生了不同程度的影响,葡萄糖(Glc)含量有所增长,甘露糖(Man)及半乳糖醛酸(GalUA)的含量有明显降低,Man从34.53%降至17.06%,GalUA从9.59%降至1.77%。研究表明,黄精在九蒸九制的加工过程中发生了美拉德反应,并产生了一定量的AGEs,同时,九蒸九制法在一定程度提高了黄精多糖的体外降糖活性。

黄精黑糯米酒酿造工艺优化及其品质分析

以黑糯米为主要原料,黄精提取液为辅料制备黄精黑糯米酒。以感官评分为评价指标,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化液态法发酵黄精黑糯米酒酿造工艺条件,并对其理化指标及活性成分进行测定。结果表明,最佳酿造工艺条件为酒曲与酵母质量比1:1、发酵时间6 d、黄精提取液添加量28%、料液比(糯米与水)1.0:7.0(g:mL)。在此优化条件下,黄精黑糯米酒的酒体澄清透亮、呈紫红色、酒香醇厚、具有黄精风味,感官评分为87分,酒精度达12.0%vol,总糖、还原糖、总酸、氨基酸态氮、花色苷和总黄酮含量分别为4.13 g/100 mL、3.74 g/100 mL、6.32 g/L、0.22 g/L、37.9 mg/L、0.023 g/100 mL。

黄精施肥与栽培模式研究进展

黄精是药食两用的中药材,具有润肺滋肾、补脾益气的功效。由于市场需求量增长较快,野生黄精资源已经不能满足市场需求,促使人工栽培黄精规模不断扩大。科学合理的施肥方法可以促进中药材的生长发育,从而增加中药材产出。基于已有研究,综述黄精施肥及栽培模式,分析目前存在的问题并提出建议,以期为今后黄精的开发和利用提供参考。

九蒸九制对鸡头黄精理化性质及抗氧化性的影响

为了探究蒸制处理对鸡头黄精有效成分及代谢物种类和含量影响,采用低场核磁、苯酚-浓硫酸法、高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(HPLC-ELSD)和液相色谱-质谱技术(LC-MS)等对其中的水分分布、多糖含量、单糖组成和代谢产物等进行分析。结果表明,多次蒸制后,鸡头黄精结合水的含量、多糖含量逐渐降低,水提液pH值逐渐降低呈弱酸性达到4.07,还原糖、总酚、黄酮含量逐渐升高分别达到28.69%、10.02 mg/g和0.69%,抗氧化性逐渐增强,ABTS抗氧化能力在7制达到最高为0.73 mmol/L,较1制增加0.35 mmol/L,DPPH自由基清除率和FRAP值在8制达到最高分别为81.95%,1.97 mmol/L,较1制分别增加50.92%,1.72 mmol/L;同时蔗糖逐渐水解从18.53mg/g到7.62mg/g,葡萄糖和果糖含量提高,分别由1制0.00和11.30mg/g,达到9制17.25和230.89 mg/g。选取一制与九制黄精进行代谢物差异分析,在正离子模式下共检测到1310种代谢物,差异代谢物有176种(按其特性分为38类),在负离子模式下共检测到1841种代谢物,差异代谢物有148种(按其特性分为26类)。黄精经蒸制后有效成分差异性显著,对鸡头黄精炮制加工提供科学依据。

固态发酵制备黄精多糖的工艺优化、理化特性及抗氧化活性

选取7种乳杆菌进行固态发酵,以黄精多糖得率为评价指标确定最佳发酵菌种。借助单因素试验和响应面曲面分析法对固态发酵黄精工艺进行优化,并分析固态发酵黄精多糖(solid state fermentation Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide,SF-PSP)与相同条件下未经发酵黄精多糖(P.sibiricum polysaccharide,PSP)的单糖组成、形态特征、热失重特性以及体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:副干酪乳杆菌ATCC 334为最优发酵菌种,SF-PSP的最佳制备工艺条件为:液料比0.98∶1(mL∶g)、接菌量4.80%、发酵时间51.30 h,此条件下SF-PSP得率为(11.14±0.89)%。SF-PSP主要由甘露糖、半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖和葡萄糖组成,与PSP相比,鼠李糖、半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖含量均提高了4倍。扫描电镜结果表明,与PSP相比,SF-PSP结构更加疏松且有更多致密的小孔。热重分析结果表明2种多糖失重温度节点不同,且SF-PSP保水能力优于PSP。体外抗氧化活性结果表明SF-PSP的DPPH自由基清除率、ABTS阳离子自由基清除率、亚铁离子螯合能力及总抗氧化性均显著高于PSP(P<0.05)。综上,采用SF-PSP可以显著提高黄精多糖的得率和抗氧化活性。

不同菌株发酵黄精抗氧化、降血糖和降血脂活性比较研究

传统的黄精炮制方法一般采用耗时、耗能的酒蒸法或酒炖法。为了开发出耗能低、耗时短、条件温和的黄精炮制工艺,筛选了黄精发酵最适菌株,对发酵前后黄精制品中抗氧化、降血糖和降血脂活性进行了系统研究。最终筛选到一株最适黄精发酵菌株植物乳杆菌Picp-2。采用植物乳杆菌Picp-2对黄精进行液态发酵,所得黄精多糖的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(·O_(2)^(-))清除率及总还原力分别提升50.38%,13.10%,14.48%,31.47%。同时,Picp-2发酵组α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率增加83.24%。研究结果表明,植物乳杆菌Picp-2能够通过液态发酵显著提升黄精抗氧化、降血糖活性。本文为黄精炮制工艺的开发与研究提供了理论依据和指导。

黄精多糖提取工艺及降糖活性研究

目的:探究黄精多糖的最佳提取工艺和黄精多糖的降血糖功效。方法:以黄精为原料,采用超声辅助提取法,用硫酸-苯酚法在490 nm处测得多糖含量,通过设计单因素实验对不同的料液比、体积分数、提取时间、提取温度进行研究,得出最优的单因素条件,设计正交实验,得到黄精多糖的最佳提取工艺;再通过酶标仪测定黄精多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制率,分析其降血糖机制。结果:黄精多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为料液比1∶10、乙醇体积分数70%、提取时间60 min、提取温度60℃,黄精多糖的提取率为1.08%;黄精多糖浓度为8 mg/mL时对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率达到93.1%,而对α-淀粉酶抑制作用不明显。结论:黄精富含黄精多糖成分,黄精多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率与阿卡波糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制率相接近,具有较好的抑制作用,通过抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性从而阻碍葡萄糖的转化,降低血糖浓度。该研究为黄精开发为降糖型保健食品提供有力的数据参考。

陕西省黄精生态种植模式评价与技术分析

以陕西省黄精为研究对象,对其在陕西省的生态种植技术进行系统分析与评价。结果表明,在陕西省黄精的种植模式主要分为2种,林下种植与间套作种植模式。林下种植黄精可有效利用陕西省土地资源且可形成良好的生态环境。黄精的间套作模式为黄精的生长创造了良好的根际环境,同时改善了农业生态环境,促进了资源再生和循环利用。

两种同属食药同源植物黄精与玉竹代谢组学比较分析

采用代谢组学方法比较分析了同属食药同源植物黄精和玉竹代谢物质的组成及差异。利用基于超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(UHPLC-MS)的非靶向代谢组学技术,对黄精与玉竹的根部进行了分析。两种中药共检测到583个差异代谢物,玉竹与黄精相比,其中共有536个代谢物含量显著上升,47个代谢物含量显著下降。在这些代谢物中,有150种黄酮类化合物在黄精和玉竹中存在显著性差异,其中:139种显著上调,11种显著下调。甾体皂苷类化合物在黄精和玉竹中共检测到110种,其中:93种显著上调,17种显著下调。生物碱类化合物在黄精和玉竹中共检测到73种,其中:61种显著上调,12种显著下调。98种酚酸类化合物在黄精与玉竹中存在显著性差异,其中:96种显著上调,2种显著下调。48种萜类化合物在黄精与玉竹中存在显著性差异,其中:47种显著上调,1种显著下调。这些研究结果可为黄精与玉竹的开发研究提供理论依据。

福建省多花黄精根腐病的病原菌鉴定

【目的】明确福建地区多花黄精根腐病的发病率和病原菌种类,并为该病害的防治提供理论依据。【方法】调查福建省3个多花黄精种植基地的根腐病发病率,并采集具有典型根腐病症状的植株和块根病样,分离纯化获得病原菌,利用形态学特征、分子生物学特征及致病性测定对其进行鉴定。【结果】福建省多花黄精种苗的根腐病平均发病率为10.50%,采收时根茎的根腐病平均发病率为17.65%。分离纯化获得98株菌株,结合菌株的形态学特征、特异性引物FOF1/FOR1和F8/R8、tef-1α基因序列分析,分别鉴定为尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum、腐皮镰刀菌F.solani和藤仓镰刀菌F.fujikuroi,三者的分离频率依次为75.51%、20.41%和4.08%。代表性菌株经回接根茎进行致病性检测发现其发病症状与田间表现一致,符合柯赫氏法则。【结论】尖孢镰刀菌、腐皮镰刀菌和藤仓镰刀菌是福建地区多花黄精根腐病的主要病原菌,首次报道藤仓镰刀菌可引起我国多花黄精根腐病。