Response of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense systems of Polygonum hydropiper to Mn stress

The response of enzyme and non-enzymatic antioxidants of Mn hyperaccumuator, Polygonum hydropiper （P. hydropiper）, to Mn stress was studied using hydroponics culture experiments to explore the mechanism of Mn tolerance in this species. Results showed that both chlorophyll and carotenoid contents significantly （p〈0.05） decreased with increasing Mn treatment levels （0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 mg/L） in hydroponics. The concentrations of malondialdehyde （MDA） and hydrogen peroxide （H202） in the root and shoot of P hydropiper were accumulated under Mn stress. Meanwhile, the anti-oxidative functions of several important enzymes, including superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, ascorbate peroxidase （APX） and peroxidase （POD） in plants were stimulated by Mn spike in leaves and roots, especially at low Mn stress; while sulfhydryl group （--SH） and glutathion （GSH） were likely involved in Mn detoxification ofP. hydropiper under high Mn stress.

Root Extract of Polygonum Hydropiper Alters the Expression of Rat Uterine Protein Profile in Presence and Absence of Ovary in-situ during Periimplantation Period:An Evidence on SDS-PAGE

Objective To study its effects on reproductive performance in albino rats.Methods The chromatographic fraction （CF） of crude methanolic extract of the herb has been subcutaneously administered to female albino rats. Experiments were carried out in adult cyclic females and oavriectomised （OVX） females during early gestation period. Uterine horns were collected following the respective treatment regimen to stud）, the protein profile in 15% gel SDS-PAGE.Results The CF induced changes in the expression of protein in rat uterus. New proteins have been expressed in uterus of adult cyclic females having ovary in-situ. The OVX females treated with CF showed altered uterine protein profile compared with that of OVX control and OVX estradiol-17β （E2） treated rats. The CF exerted its effect on expression of uterine protein during early gestation period in rats. While uterine proteins of CF treated females were similar to that of controls during preimplantation period; many of the proteins on day 6 of gestation have been found either missing or expressed in lesser intensity.Conclusion The root of Polygonum hydropiper contains potential compound（s） which can alter the reproductive performance of female rats modulating uterine protein expression.

Effects of Polygonum hydropiper on the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and cytochrome P450 enzymes in mice with E.coli-induced diarrhea

In the present study,we aimed to investigate the effects of Polygonum hydropiper aqueous extract(PHE)on the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and cytochrome P450(CYPs)in mice with E.coli-induced diarrhea.BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group,model group,enrofloxacin-treated group,and two PHE-treated groups with different doses.The diarrhea model was established by intraperitoneal injection of enteropathogenic E.coli(EPEC)in mice.The enrofloxacin-treated group was given enrofloxacin at 5 mg/kg by intragastric gavage(i.g.)for 11 d.PHE-treated groups were given PHE at 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg by i.g.for 11 d.The histopathological characteristics of the duodenum and liver were observed by HE staining.The levels of inflammatory cytokines and CYPs in the duodenum and liver of mice were determined by ELISA.The m RNA and protein expressions of CYPs were determined by q RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis,respectively.The results showed that PHE could significantly alleviate the injury of the duodenum and liver induced by EPEC infection,reduce the contents and m RNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines,and regulate the m RNA and protein expressions of the major subtypes of CYPs.These findings indicated that PHE had an apparent therapeutic effect on EPEC-induced diarrhea,and its mechanism might be related to inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and regulation of CYPs.

Chromatographic Fraction of Polygonum hydropiper Root Modulates the Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-βI (TGF-βI) in Rat Uterus during Days 2-6 of Gestation

Objective To examine the effect of the root extract on the growth factor during early pregnancy from day 2 to day 6 of gestation. Methods A purified form of root extract of Polygonum hydropiper was obtained by Thin Layer Chromatography （TLC）. Localization of transforming growth factor （TGF）- β1 was studied by immunohistochemistry and the expression of the mRNA of TGF- β1 was studied by Reverse transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction （RT-PCR） in uterine tissue from day 2 to day 6 of gestation. Results The TLC fraction treated in a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight per day showed decreased the number of implantation sites. The expression of TGF- β1 from day 2 to day 6 of gestation was altered by the TLCfraction and suppression of the mRNA transcript of the TGF- β1 on day 6 of gestation during implantation. Conclusion The root extract of Polygonum hydropiper in a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight per day decreased the expression of TGF- β1 in the implantation sites of rat uterus.