多粘菌素B血液灌流固定化纤维柱直接血液灌流(polymyxin B hemoperfusion immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion,PMX-DHP)的内毒素吸附治疗已用于脓毒症休克患者的治疗。内毒素是革兰氏阴性菌的外膜成分,在脓毒症休克的发病...多粘菌素B血液灌流固定化纤维柱直接血液灌流(polymyxin B hemoperfusion immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion,PMX-DHP)的内毒素吸附治疗已用于脓毒症休克患者的治疗。内毒素是革兰氏阴性菌的外膜成分,在脓毒症休克的发病机制中起着重要作用。内毒素触发白细胞、巨噬细胞和内皮细胞分泌各种信号级联介质,包括细胞因子和一氧化氮,导致脓毒症休克和多器官功能障碍综合征。PMX-DHP不仅直接吸附内毒素,还直接吸附单核细胞和单酰胺。它可降低血液中炎症细胞因子的水平,如白细胞介素(IL)-1、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和IL-17A、粘附分子、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂1和高迁移率组box-1;增加血压,降低血管活性肌力药物的剂量。PMX-DHP可以改善严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克患者单核细胞人白细胞抗原-dr的表达。本文就PMX-DHP治疗脓毒症休克的研究进展进行综述。展开更多
Perpose: In order to establish the pathophysiological features and strategy for stercoral perforation of the colon, we herein analyze a series of stercoral perforation of the colon. Method: Ten patients were diagnosed...Perpose: In order to establish the pathophysiological features and strategy for stercoral perforation of the colon, we herein analyze a series of stercoral perforation of the colon. Method: Ten patients were diagnosed with stercoral perforation. Clinical features, primary diseases, triggers, causative bacteria in ascites, postoperative complications, pathological features, severity of the disease, and effect of direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B immobilized fiber (PMX-DHP) were investigated. Results: Nine patients had a long history of serious and chronic constipation and 7 patients had hypertension. Causative bacteria in ascites during the operation were most commonly Escherichia coli. There were a lot of severe postoperative complications such as sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and acute lung injury. With regard to the microscopic findings of the perforation site, the intestinal wall showed severe nonspecific inflammatory changes, including an increase of mono-nuclear cells in the lamina propria. There were 4 hospital deaths, so the mortality rate was 40%. APACHE- II and SOFA score were high postoperation and 24 hours after the operation. PMX-DHP was performed in 8 cases of severe conditions of stercoral perforation of the colon. Because the catecholamine index improved within 24 hours, four of 8 cases were rescued. Conclusion: Most of the patients with stercoral perforation of the colon had severe postoperative complications. The severity of the disease was extremely high, therefore, early diagnosis based on pathophy-siological features and comprehensive therapies including PMX-DHP were necessary for strategy of treating stercoral perforation of the colon.展开更多
文摘多粘菌素B血液灌流固定化纤维柱直接血液灌流(polymyxin B hemoperfusion immobilized fiber column direct hemoperfusion,PMX-DHP)的内毒素吸附治疗已用于脓毒症休克患者的治疗。内毒素是革兰氏阴性菌的外膜成分,在脓毒症休克的发病机制中起着重要作用。内毒素触发白细胞、巨噬细胞和内皮细胞分泌各种信号级联介质,包括细胞因子和一氧化氮,导致脓毒症休克和多器官功能障碍综合征。PMX-DHP不仅直接吸附内毒素,还直接吸附单核细胞和单酰胺。它可降低血液中炎症细胞因子的水平,如白细胞介素(IL)-1、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和IL-17A、粘附分子、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂1和高迁移率组box-1;增加血压,降低血管活性肌力药物的剂量。PMX-DHP可以改善严重脓毒症和脓毒症休克患者单核细胞人白细胞抗原-dr的表达。本文就PMX-DHP治疗脓毒症休克的研究进展进行综述。
文摘Perpose: In order to establish the pathophysiological features and strategy for stercoral perforation of the colon, we herein analyze a series of stercoral perforation of the colon. Method: Ten patients were diagnosed with stercoral perforation. Clinical features, primary diseases, triggers, causative bacteria in ascites, postoperative complications, pathological features, severity of the disease, and effect of direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B immobilized fiber (PMX-DHP) were investigated. Results: Nine patients had a long history of serious and chronic constipation and 7 patients had hypertension. Causative bacteria in ascites during the operation were most commonly Escherichia coli. There were a lot of severe postoperative complications such as sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and acute lung injury. With regard to the microscopic findings of the perforation site, the intestinal wall showed severe nonspecific inflammatory changes, including an increase of mono-nuclear cells in the lamina propria. There were 4 hospital deaths, so the mortality rate was 40%. APACHE- II and SOFA score were high postoperation and 24 hours after the operation. PMX-DHP was performed in 8 cases of severe conditions of stercoral perforation of the colon. Because the catecholamine index improved within 24 hours, four of 8 cases were rescued. Conclusion: Most of the patients with stercoral perforation of the colon had severe postoperative complications. The severity of the disease was extremely high, therefore, early diagnosis based on pathophy-siological features and comprehensive therapies including PMX-DHP were necessary for strategy of treating stercoral perforation of the colon.
