Evapotranspiration(ET) within an ecosystem is crucial for the water-limited environment that currently lacks adequate quantification in the arid region of Northwest China, mainly covered by phreatophytes, such as the ...Evapotranspiration(ET) within an ecosystem is crucial for the water-limited environment that currently lacks adequate quantification in the arid region of Northwest China, mainly covered by phreatophytes, such as the Populus euphratica Oliv. tree and the Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. shrub species. Accordingly, ET was measured for an entire year using eddy covariance(EC) in P. euphratica stands in the lower Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. During the growing season,the total ET was 850 mm, with a mean of 4.0 mm/d, which is obviously more than that observed at tree-level and standlevel scales, which was likely due to the different level of soil evaporation induced by irrigation via water conveyance.Factors associated with ET fall into either environmental or plant eco-physiological categories. Environmental factors account for at least 79% variation of ET, and the linear relationship between ET and the groundwater table(GWT) revealed the potential water use of P. euphratica forests under the non-water stress condition with the GWT less than 3 m deep.Plant eco-physiological parameters, specifically the leaf area index(LAI), have direct impact on the seasonal pattern of ET, which provides a valuable reference to the wide-area estimates of ET for riparian forests by using LAI. In conclusion,P. euphratica forests have high water use after water conveyance, which may be the result of long-term adapting to local climates and limited water availability.展开更多
The aims of this study were to explore the interspecific differences of Populus euphratica Oliv.and Populus pruinosa Schrenk populations and the intraspecific differences of males and females within the same species i...The aims of this study were to explore the interspecific differences of Populus euphratica Oliv.and Populus pruinosa Schrenk populations and the intraspecific differences of males and females within the same species in flowering phenological traits,and the effects of temperatures on flowering phenological traits in different growth years(2001–2003 and 2013–2015).The results showed that P.euphratica population flowered earlier than P.pruinosa population.Moreover,flowering phenological period of population,number of days of flowering phenological period per population,number of days of flowering phenological period per plant and average number of days of flowering period per plant of P.euphratica population were less than those of P.pruinosa population.The differences between male and female within the same species indicated that the flowering periods of males P.euphratica and P.pruinosa populations were earlier than those of female plants.For both species,flowering phenological traits were significantly and negatively correlated with the average temperatures in previous ten days,previous one month and previous three months of flowering.Both species are sensitive to temperature changes and adjust to the changes by advancing the start of flowering and prolonging the duration of flowering.展开更多
For this paper, the plasma membrane （PM） H^＋-ATPase gene has been cloned from Populus euphratica Oliv. through a ho- mology based strategy. The isolated 3,210 bp cDNA contains a single 2,862 bp open reading frame ...For this paper, the plasma membrane （PM） H^＋-ATPase gene has been cloned from Populus euphratica Oliv. through a ho- mology based strategy. The isolated 3,210 bp cDNA contains a single 2,862 bp open reading frame （ORF） which encodes a putative H^＋-ATPase protein of 953 amino acid residues, with a significant homology to plasma membrane H^＋-ATPase of Prunus persica, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sesbania rostrata and Daucus carota. The predicted protein has a molecular weight of 104,553 Da. The copy number analysis revealed multiple copies of the PM H^＋-ATPase in the P. euphratica genome after digestion of their genomic DNA by the restriction enzymes EcoRI, NdeI, FbaI and Bg/Ⅱ, and Southern blot.展开更多
Spatial variation in soil surface CO2 efflux was measured in a stand of Populus euphratica in the Ejina Oasis of desert riparian forest in the extreme arid region in northwestern China from April 2007 through October ...Spatial variation in soil surface CO2 efflux was measured in a stand of Populus euphratica in the Ejina Oasis of desert riparian forest in the extreme arid region in northwestern China from April 2007 through October 2007.Measurements were taken with a gas-exchange analyzer linked to a soil-respiration chamber.The mean soil CO2 efflux in the stand was 2.71 μmol/(m2·s) during the growing season and 1.38 μmol/(m2·s) in the nongrowing season.The seasonal maximum (end of May through early June) andminimum (October) CO2 efflux were 3.38 and 0.69 μmol/(m2·s),respectively.The diurnal fluctuation of CO2 efflux was relatively small (< 20 percent),with theminimum appearing around 05:00 and the maximum around 15:00.Linear regression analysis showed soil-surface CO2 efflux to be most highly correlated with soil temperature (R2=0.435) and soil moisture (R2=0.213).When all variables were considered simultaneously,only soil temperature (R2=0.378),soil moisture (R2=0.147),and root volume density (R2=0.021) explained a significant amount of variance in soil surface CO2 efflux.Stand volumes were not correlated with soil CO2 efflux on our sites.展开更多
Populus euphratica Oliver grown in desert areas have polymorphic leaves, which include lanceolate to serrate oval leaves.This paper measures the chlorophyll fluorescence-induction kinetics curves of two types of heter...Populus euphratica Oliver grown in desert areas have polymorphic leaves, which include lanceolate to serrate oval leaves.This paper measures the chlorophyll fluorescence-induction kinetics curves of two types of heteromorphic leaves(lanceolate and serrate oval) of P. euphratica over the growth season in the Ejina Desert area, China. This is in order to study the electron transport, as well as absoprtion, distribtution, and dissipation of light energy and their adaptation characteristics.The results indicate that(1) serrate oval leaves' photosystem II(PSII) initial light-energy-conversion efficiency(Fv/Fm),potential activity(Fv/F_0), and the light-energy-utilization parameter(PI) are higher than those of lanceolate leaves; the accumulated amount of Q_A-(V_j) and the relative speed of Q_A deoxidation(M_0) are lower than those of lanceolate leaves;(2)the reaction center density(RC/CS_0) and electron-transfer energy(ET_0/CS_0) in the unit cross-sectional area of serrate oval leaves are higher than those of lanceolate leaves; the energy consumed in unit cross-sectional area(DI_0/CS_0), and energyflow parameters(ABS/RC, ET_0/RC, TR_0/RC, and DI_0/RC) in the unit reaction center of serrate oval leaves are lower than those of lanceolate leaves;(3) the proportion of energy used for photochemical reaction and energy electron transport in serrate oval leaves(Φ_(P0), Ψ_0, and Φ_(E0)) are larger than those in lanceolate leaves, and the maximum quantum yield(Φ_(D0)) of nonphotochemical reaction is less than that of lanceolate leaves. Thus, serrate oval leaves of P. euphratica have a more efficient energy-distribution strategy and better adaptability to extreme environmental conditions than lanceolate leaves.展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41401033)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2014M560819)+1 种基金the General Program of the National Natural Science Fund of China (Nos. 31370466, 41271037)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No. 145RJZA141)
文摘Evapotranspiration(ET) within an ecosystem is crucial for the water-limited environment that currently lacks adequate quantification in the arid region of Northwest China, mainly covered by phreatophytes, such as the Populus euphratica Oliv. tree and the Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. shrub species. Accordingly, ET was measured for an entire year using eddy covariance(EC) in P. euphratica stands in the lower Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. During the growing season,the total ET was 850 mm, with a mean of 4.0 mm/d, which is obviously more than that observed at tree-level and standlevel scales, which was likely due to the different level of soil evaporation induced by irrigation via water conveyance.Factors associated with ET fall into either environmental or plant eco-physiological categories. Environmental factors account for at least 79% variation of ET, and the linear relationship between ET and the groundwater table(GWT) revealed the potential water use of P. euphratica forests under the non-water stress condition with the GWT less than 3 m deep.Plant eco-physiological parameters, specifically the leaf area index(LAI), have direct impact on the seasonal pattern of ET, which provides a valuable reference to the wide-area estimates of ET for riparian forests by using LAI. In conclusion,P. euphratica forests have high water use after water conveyance, which may be the result of long-term adapting to local climates and limited water availability.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(30060007)the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB723204)the National Programs for Science and Technology Development of China(2013BAC10B01)
文摘The aims of this study were to explore the interspecific differences of Populus euphratica Oliv.and Populus pruinosa Schrenk populations and the intraspecific differences of males and females within the same species in flowering phenological traits,and the effects of temperatures on flowering phenological traits in different growth years(2001–2003 and 2013–2015).The results showed that P.euphratica population flowered earlier than P.pruinosa population.Moreover,flowering phenological period of population,number of days of flowering phenological period per population,number of days of flowering phenological period per plant and average number of days of flowering period per plant of P.euphratica population were less than those of P.pruinosa population.The differences between male and female within the same species indicated that the flowering periods of males P.euphratica and P.pruinosa populations were earlier than those of female plants.For both species,flowering phenological traits were significantly and negatively correlated with the average temperatures in previous ten days,previous one month and previous three months of flowering.Both species are sensitive to temperature changes and adjust to the changes by advancing the start of flowering and prolonging the duration of flowering.
文摘For this paper, the plasma membrane （PM） H^＋-ATPase gene has been cloned from Populus euphratica Oliv. through a ho- mology based strategy. The isolated 3,210 bp cDNA contains a single 2,862 bp open reading frame （ORF） which encodes a putative H^＋-ATPase protein of 953 amino acid residues, with a significant homology to plasma membrane H^＋-ATPase of Prunus persica, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sesbania rostrata and Daucus carota. The predicted protein has a molecular weight of 104,553 Da. The copy number analysis revealed multiple copies of the PM H^＋-ATPase in the P. euphratica genome after digestion of their genomic DNA by the restriction enzymes EcoRI, NdeI, FbaI and Bg/Ⅱ, and Southern blot.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (40801001,40671010,40701054)National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period (2007BAD46B01)
文摘Spatial variation in soil surface CO2 efflux was measured in a stand of Populus euphratica in the Ejina Oasis of desert riparian forest in the extreme arid region in northwestern China from April 2007 through October 2007.Measurements were taken with a gas-exchange analyzer linked to a soil-respiration chamber.The mean soil CO2 efflux in the stand was 2.71 μmol/(m2·s) during the growing season and 1.38 μmol/(m2·s) in the nongrowing season.The seasonal maximum (end of May through early June) andminimum (October) CO2 efflux were 3.38 and 0.69 μmol/(m2·s),respectively.The diurnal fluctuation of CO2 efflux was relatively small (< 20 percent),with theminimum appearing around 05:00 and the maximum around 15:00.Linear regression analysis showed soil-surface CO2 efflux to be most highly correlated with soil temperature (R2=0.435) and soil moisture (R2=0.213).When all variables were considered simultaneously,only soil temperature (R2=0.378),soil moisture (R2=0.147),and root volume density (R2=0.021) explained a significant amount of variance in soil surface CO2 efflux.Stand volumes were not correlated with soil CO2 efflux on our sites.
基金supported by the Program for National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370396)the Program for China Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network(2017-LYPT-006)
文摘Populus euphratica Oliver grown in desert areas have polymorphic leaves, which include lanceolate to serrate oval leaves.This paper measures the chlorophyll fluorescence-induction kinetics curves of two types of heteromorphic leaves(lanceolate and serrate oval) of P. euphratica over the growth season in the Ejina Desert area, China. This is in order to study the electron transport, as well as absoprtion, distribtution, and dissipation of light energy and their adaptation characteristics.The results indicate that(1) serrate oval leaves' photosystem II(PSII) initial light-energy-conversion efficiency(Fv/Fm),potential activity(Fv/F_0), and the light-energy-utilization parameter(PI) are higher than those of lanceolate leaves; the accumulated amount of Q_A-(V_j) and the relative speed of Q_A deoxidation(M_0) are lower than those of lanceolate leaves;(2)the reaction center density(RC/CS_0) and electron-transfer energy(ET_0/CS_0) in the unit cross-sectional area of serrate oval leaves are higher than those of lanceolate leaves; the energy consumed in unit cross-sectional area(DI_0/CS_0), and energyflow parameters(ABS/RC, ET_0/RC, TR_0/RC, and DI_0/RC) in the unit reaction center of serrate oval leaves are lower than those of lanceolate leaves;(3) the proportion of energy used for photochemical reaction and energy electron transport in serrate oval leaves(Φ_(P0), Ψ_0, and Φ_(E0)) are larger than those in lanceolate leaves, and the maximum quantum yield(Φ_(D0)) of nonphotochemical reaction is less than that of lanceolate leaves. Thus, serrate oval leaves of P. euphratica have a more efficient energy-distribution strategy and better adaptability to extreme environmental conditions than lanceolate leaves.
