Belief propagation list(BPL) decoding for polar codes has attracted more attention due to its inherent parallel nature. However, a large gap still exists with CRC-aided SCL(CA-SCL) decoding.In this work, an improved s...Belief propagation list(BPL) decoding for polar codes has attracted more attention due to its inherent parallel nature. However, a large gap still exists with CRC-aided SCL(CA-SCL) decoding.In this work, an improved segmented belief propagation list decoding based on bit flipping(SBPL-BF) is proposed. On the one hand, the proposed algorithm makes use of the cooperative characteristic in BPL decoding such that the codeword is decoded in different BP decoders. Based on this characteristic, the unreliable bits for flipping could be split into multiple subblocks and could be flipped in different decoders simultaneously. On the other hand, a more flexible and effective processing strategy for the priori information of the unfrozen bits that do not need to be flipped is designed to improve the decoding convergence. In addition, this is the first proposal in BPL decoding which jointly optimizes the bit flipping of the information bits and the code bits. In particular, for bit flipping of the code bits, a H-matrix aided bit-flipping algorithm is designed to enhance the accuracy in identifying erroneous code bits. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the errorcorrection performance of BPL decoding for medium and long codes. It is more than 0.25 d B better than the state-of-the-art BPL decoding at a block error rate(BLER) of 10^(-5), and outperforms CA-SCL decoding in the low signal-to-noise(SNR) region for(1024, 0.5)polar codes.展开更多
On Mar.29th,2024,Bawei Biotechnology was listed at Beijing Stock Exchange.So far,Bawei Biotechnology has smoothly become“the first cosmetics OEM listed at Beijing Stock Exchange”,as well as the first A-share cosmeti...On Mar.29th,2024,Bawei Biotechnology was listed at Beijing Stock Exchange.So far,Bawei Biotechnology has smoothly become“the first cosmetics OEM listed at Beijing Stock Exchange”,as well as the first A-share cosmetics enterprise listed in 2024.At the opening quotation,the stock price increase of Bawei Biotechnology exceeded 200%,and the total market value exceeded 1.4 billion yuan.Bawei Biotechnology mainly engages in the R&D,production,sales and detection of cosmetics,with the product category covering skin care product,facial mask,toiletry,and makeup.So far,it has served a total of 1,000 cosmetics brands,including Unilever,Renhe Ingenuity,HBN,SKINTIFIC,Marubi Biotechnology,PROF.展开更多
Belief propagation(BP)decoding outputs soft information and can be naturally used in iterative receivers.BP list(BPL)decoding provides comparable error-correction performance to the successive cancellation list(SCL)de...Belief propagation(BP)decoding outputs soft information and can be naturally used in iterative receivers.BP list(BPL)decoding provides comparable error-correction performance to the successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding.In this paper,we firstly introduce an enhanced code construction scheme for BPL decoding to improve its errorcorrection capability.Then,a GPU-based BPL decoder with adoption of the new code construction is presented.Finally,the proposed BPL decoder is tested on NVIDIA RTX3070 and GTX1060.Experimental results show that the presented BPL decoder with early termination criterion achieves above 1 Gbps throughput on RTX3070 for the code(1024,512)with 32 lists under good channel conditions.展开更多
For polar codes,the performance of successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding is capable of approaching that of maximum likelihood decoding.However,the existing hardware architectures for the SCL decoding suffer from h...For polar codes,the performance of successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding is capable of approaching that of maximum likelihood decoding.However,the existing hardware architectures for the SCL decoding suffer from high hardware complexity due to calculating L decoding paths simultaneously,which are unfriendly to the devices with limited logical resources,such as field programmable gate arrays(FPGAs).In this paper,we propose a list-serial pipelined hardware architecture with low complexity for the SCL decoding,where the serial calculation and the pipelined operation are elegantly combined to strike a balance between the complexity and the latency.Moreover,we employ only one successive cancellation(SC)decoder core without L×L crossbars,and reduce the number of inputs of the metric sorter from 2L to L+2.Finally,the FPGA implementations show that the hardware resource consumption is significantly reduced with negligible decoding performance loss.展开更多
On April 10th,2023,Dencare(stock code:001328),parent company of Lesening,was listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange.There were 43,043,500 new shares issued this time,with the issue price as 20.68 yuan and raised fund as 89...On April 10th,2023,Dencare(stock code:001328),parent company of Lesening,was listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange.There were 43,043,500 new shares issued this time,with the issue price as 20.68 yuan and raised fund as 890 million yuan,accounting for 25%of the total capital stock after issuing.It thus became the“first share of anti-sensitivity toothpaste”in A share.Such fundraising will mainly be used to invest in intelligent manufacturing upgrading and construction projects.The opening price on that day was 41 yuan,rising 98.3%comparing with the issue price;the closing price was 56.64 yuan,increasing by 174%comparing with the issue price.It is also one of the first IPOs approved since the full registration system was officially implemented.展开更多
China’s Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)on 7 November announced revisions to a list of bulk commodities whose imports and exports should be reported for keeping statistical record.Fourteen commodities including Soybeans,...China’s Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)on 7 November announced revisions to a list of bulk commodities whose imports and exports should be reported for keeping statistical record.Fourteen commodities including Soybeans,rapeseed,soybean oil,palm oil and so on will continue to be regulated by current import reporting system.Five new items are included.Crude oil,iron ore.展开更多
基金funded by the Key Project of NSFC-Guangdong Province Joint Program(Grant No.U2001204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61873290 and 61972431)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(Grant No.202002030470)the Funding Project of Featured Major of Guangzhou Xinhua University(2021TZ002).
文摘Belief propagation list(BPL) decoding for polar codes has attracted more attention due to its inherent parallel nature. However, a large gap still exists with CRC-aided SCL(CA-SCL) decoding.In this work, an improved segmented belief propagation list decoding based on bit flipping(SBPL-BF) is proposed. On the one hand, the proposed algorithm makes use of the cooperative characteristic in BPL decoding such that the codeword is decoded in different BP decoders. Based on this characteristic, the unreliable bits for flipping could be split into multiple subblocks and could be flipped in different decoders simultaneously. On the other hand, a more flexible and effective processing strategy for the priori information of the unfrozen bits that do not need to be flipped is designed to improve the decoding convergence. In addition, this is the first proposal in BPL decoding which jointly optimizes the bit flipping of the information bits and the code bits. In particular, for bit flipping of the code bits, a H-matrix aided bit-flipping algorithm is designed to enhance the accuracy in identifying erroneous code bits. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the errorcorrection performance of BPL decoding for medium and long codes. It is more than 0.25 d B better than the state-of-the-art BPL decoding at a block error rate(BLER) of 10^(-5), and outperforms CA-SCL decoding in the low signal-to-noise(SNR) region for(1024, 0.5)polar codes.
文摘On Mar.29th,2024,Bawei Biotechnology was listed at Beijing Stock Exchange.So far,Bawei Biotechnology has smoothly become“the first cosmetics OEM listed at Beijing Stock Exchange”,as well as the first A-share cosmetics enterprise listed in 2024.At the opening quotation,the stock price increase of Bawei Biotechnology exceeded 200%,and the total market value exceeded 1.4 billion yuan.Bawei Biotechnology mainly engages in the R&D,production,sales and detection of cosmetics,with the product category covering skin care product,facial mask,toiletry,and makeup.So far,it has served a total of 1,000 cosmetics brands,including Unilever,Renhe Ingenuity,HBN,SKINTIFIC,Marubi Biotechnology,PROF.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (FRF-TP20-062A1)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021A1515110070)
文摘Belief propagation(BP)decoding outputs soft information and can be naturally used in iterative receivers.BP list(BPL)decoding provides comparable error-correction performance to the successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding.In this paper,we firstly introduce an enhanced code construction scheme for BPL decoding to improve its errorcorrection capability.Then,a GPU-based BPL decoder with adoption of the new code construction is presented.Finally,the proposed BPL decoder is tested on NVIDIA RTX3070 and GTX1060.Experimental results show that the presented BPL decoder with early termination criterion achieves above 1 Gbps throughput on RTX3070 for the code(1024,512)with 32 lists under good channel conditions.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFB1803400)。
文摘For polar codes,the performance of successive cancellation list(SCL)decoding is capable of approaching that of maximum likelihood decoding.However,the existing hardware architectures for the SCL decoding suffer from high hardware complexity due to calculating L decoding paths simultaneously,which are unfriendly to the devices with limited logical resources,such as field programmable gate arrays(FPGAs).In this paper,we propose a list-serial pipelined hardware architecture with low complexity for the SCL decoding,where the serial calculation and the pipelined operation are elegantly combined to strike a balance between the complexity and the latency.Moreover,we employ only one successive cancellation(SC)decoder core without L×L crossbars,and reduce the number of inputs of the metric sorter from 2L to L+2.Finally,the FPGA implementations show that the hardware resource consumption is significantly reduced with negligible decoding performance loss.
文摘On April 10th,2023,Dencare(stock code:001328),parent company of Lesening,was listed in Shenzhen Stock Exchange.There were 43,043,500 new shares issued this time,with the issue price as 20.68 yuan and raised fund as 890 million yuan,accounting for 25%of the total capital stock after issuing.It thus became the“first share of anti-sensitivity toothpaste”in A share.Such fundraising will mainly be used to invest in intelligent manufacturing upgrading and construction projects.The opening price on that day was 41 yuan,rising 98.3%comparing with the issue price;the closing price was 56.64 yuan,increasing by 174%comparing with the issue price.It is also one of the first IPOs approved since the full registration system was officially implemented.
文摘China’s Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)on 7 November announced revisions to a list of bulk commodities whose imports and exports should be reported for keeping statistical record.Fourteen commodities including Soybeans,rapeseed,soybean oil,palm oil and so on will continue to be regulated by current import reporting system.Five new items are included.Crude oil,iron ore.
