Worldwide, the morbidity and mortality associated with non-communicable diseases have been climbing steadily- with costs aggressively keeping pace. This letter highlights a decidedly low-cost way to address the challe...Worldwide, the morbidity and mortality associated with non-communicable diseases have been climbing steadily- with costs aggressively keeping pace. This letter highlights a decidedly low-cost way to address the challenges posed by diabetes. High levels of postprandial blood glucose are disproportionately linked to much of the microvascular damage which, in the end, leads to macrovascular complications and organ failures. Systematically controlling post-meal glucose surges is a critical element of overall glycemic management indiabetes. Diet, exercise and medications form a triad of variables that individuals engaged in diabetes selfmanagement may manipulate to achieve their targeted glucose levels. As a rule, diabetes patients in developing countries as well as those living in the pockets of poverty in the western world cannot afford special diets, medications, glucometers and supplies, lab tests and office visits. Exercise is the one option that is readily accessible to all. Decades of research in laboratory settings, viewed holistically, have established that light to moderate aerobic exercise for up to 60 min starting 30 min after the first bite into a meal can blunt the ensuing glucose surge effectively. Moderate resistance exercise, moderate endurance exercise or a combination of the two, practiced post-meal has also been found to improve many cardio-metabolic markers: Glucose, high density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and markers of oxidative stress. On the other hand, pre-breakfast exercise and high-intensity exercise in general have been decidedly counterproductive.展开更多
目的通过检测餐后无症状性心肌缺血(silent myocardial ischemia,SMI)患者心室晚电位(ventricular late potentials,VLP)以评价其发生心肌梗死或猝死的危险性。方法对56例有餐后SMI的患者作为观察组,在生活指导前后分别于空腹、餐后2小...目的通过检测餐后无症状性心肌缺血(silent myocardial ischemia,SMI)患者心室晚电位(ventricular late potentials,VLP)以评价其发生心肌梗死或猝死的危险性。方法对56例有餐后SMI的患者作为观察组,在生活指导前后分别于空腹、餐后2小时和运动后进行VLP检查,并与对照组同期非餐后SMI的223例患者进行对比。结果生活指导前,观察组于空腹、餐后2小时和运动后的VLP阳性率均分别为25.0%、28.6%、26.8%,显著高于对照组(10.8%、9.9%、9.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。经生活指导后,对照组于空腹、餐后2小时和运动后的VLP阳性率分别下降至5.4%、4.0%、4.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而观察组的VLP阳性率无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论餐后SMI患者的VLP阳性率显著高于非餐后SMI患者,推测其在SMI患者中发生心肌梗死或猝死的危险性最高,且一般生活指导并不能降低其危险性。展开更多
To reduce the pressure on aquatic resources due to the use of fishmeal in fish feed, the mastery and use of alternative sources of fishmeal in all stages of fish development are essential. Five diets including 4 exper...To reduce the pressure on aquatic resources due to the use of fishmeal in fish feed, the mastery and use of alternative sources of fishmeal in all stages of fish development are essential. Five diets including 4 experimental and one control diet were considered. Experimental diets of post-larvae were developed from unconventional ingredients in which fishmeal was completely replaced by a mixture of brewer’s yeast, chicken viscera and maggots. These foods were tested on Clarias gariepinus post-larvae with an initial average weight of 80 ± 1 mg. 1500 fish individuals were equally distributed in 15 concrete basins with a volume of 500 L forming five treatments in triplicate. Fish individuals were fed, manually at a ration rate of 20%, four times per day. The specific growth rates were 8.38%/day in imported food and 6.35%/day in the experimental food receiving 45.5% of protein from unconventional meal. Similar results were obtained with the feed consumption index. These encouraging results show that it is possible to partially or completely replace fishmeal in catfish feed and obtain an economically profitable production. The recovery of waste such as chicken viscera, brewer’s yeast and soybean meal in fish food formulation as tested in this study is a good contribution to environmental sanitation.展开更多
文摘Worldwide, the morbidity and mortality associated with non-communicable diseases have been climbing steadily- with costs aggressively keeping pace. This letter highlights a decidedly low-cost way to address the challenges posed by diabetes. High levels of postprandial blood glucose are disproportionately linked to much of the microvascular damage which, in the end, leads to macrovascular complications and organ failures. Systematically controlling post-meal glucose surges is a critical element of overall glycemic management indiabetes. Diet, exercise and medications form a triad of variables that individuals engaged in diabetes selfmanagement may manipulate to achieve their targeted glucose levels. As a rule, diabetes patients in developing countries as well as those living in the pockets of poverty in the western world cannot afford special diets, medications, glucometers and supplies, lab tests and office visits. Exercise is the one option that is readily accessible to all. Decades of research in laboratory settings, viewed holistically, have established that light to moderate aerobic exercise for up to 60 min starting 30 min after the first bite into a meal can blunt the ensuing glucose surge effectively. Moderate resistance exercise, moderate endurance exercise or a combination of the two, practiced post-meal has also been found to improve many cardio-metabolic markers: Glucose, high density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and markers of oxidative stress. On the other hand, pre-breakfast exercise and high-intensity exercise in general have been decidedly counterproductive.
文摘目的通过检测餐后无症状性心肌缺血(silent myocardial ischemia,SMI)患者心室晚电位(ventricular late potentials,VLP)以评价其发生心肌梗死或猝死的危险性。方法对56例有餐后SMI的患者作为观察组,在生活指导前后分别于空腹、餐后2小时和运动后进行VLP检查,并与对照组同期非餐后SMI的223例患者进行对比。结果生活指导前,观察组于空腹、餐后2小时和运动后的VLP阳性率均分别为25.0%、28.6%、26.8%,显著高于对照组(10.8%、9.9%、9.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。经生活指导后,对照组于空腹、餐后2小时和运动后的VLP阳性率分别下降至5.4%、4.0%、4.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而观察组的VLP阳性率无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论餐后SMI患者的VLP阳性率显著高于非餐后SMI患者,推测其在SMI患者中发生心肌梗死或猝死的危险性最高,且一般生活指导并不能降低其危险性。
文摘To reduce the pressure on aquatic resources due to the use of fishmeal in fish feed, the mastery and use of alternative sources of fishmeal in all stages of fish development are essential. Five diets including 4 experimental and one control diet were considered. Experimental diets of post-larvae were developed from unconventional ingredients in which fishmeal was completely replaced by a mixture of brewer’s yeast, chicken viscera and maggots. These foods were tested on Clarias gariepinus post-larvae with an initial average weight of 80 ± 1 mg. 1500 fish individuals were equally distributed in 15 concrete basins with a volume of 500 L forming five treatments in triplicate. Fish individuals were fed, manually at a ration rate of 20%, four times per day. The specific growth rates were 8.38%/day in imported food and 6.35%/day in the experimental food receiving 45.5% of protein from unconventional meal. Similar results were obtained with the feed consumption index. These encouraging results show that it is possible to partially or completely replace fishmeal in catfish feed and obtain an economically profitable production. The recovery of waste such as chicken viscera, brewer’s yeast and soybean meal in fish food formulation as tested in this study is a good contribution to environmental sanitation.
