Regenerative medicine has brought about refreshing new thinking about age old problems. However, some problems remain mostly untouched and are not being addressed. A point in question is the track of scar tissue left ...Regenerative medicine has brought about refreshing new thinking about age old problems. However, some problems remain mostly untouched and are not being addressed. A point in question is the track of scar tissue left behind post-operatively, which reveals the surgeon’s line of invasive incision. This confers on the patient an adverse psychological reminder and burden for the rest of his/her life. Most patients cannot afford corrective plastic surgery to ameliorate this skin defect. This paper seeks to ask whether biomedical scientists could play a role in arriving at a more pleasing cosmetic result, using a simple cell culture procedure of isolating un-manipulated autologous primary epidermal and dermal cells from a small skin tissue segment in close proximity to the surgeon’s incision line.展开更多
Background: The aim of this study was to elucidate the preoperative clinical and biochemical profile of infants with IHPS to optimize infusion therapy. Patients and Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from 56 inf...Background: The aim of this study was to elucidate the preoperative clinical and biochemical profile of infants with IHPS to optimize infusion therapy. Patients and Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from 56 infants who were operated for IHPS. Our study includes growth and laboratory data prior to the initiation of therapy. Results: Median duration of propulsive vomiting was 4 d;the median age was 37 d (18 - 108), and the median body weight was 3840 g (2760 -5900). Metabolic alkalosis (MAlk) with a pH of 7.45 ± 0.06 and an stHCO3- of 28.7 ± 4.5 mmol/l was found. In a subgroup of the infants, negative base excess (BE) was observed. The sodium concentration was normal or reduced (mean/median of 137 mmol/l). There was a strong negative correlation between stHCO3- and K+. The carbon dioxide partial pressure tended to increase (5.72 ± 0.84 kPa). Calculations of osmolality revealed a normal osmolarity. Hypoglycemia did not occur. The creatinine clearance according to the Schwartz formula remained at a normal level (85.3 ± 24.3 ml/min/1.73 m2). Discussion: The presented case series is characterized by a short duration of preoperative vomiting. MAlk can be classified as a chloride deficiency syndrome. It is accompanied by normo- or hyponatremic dehydration with normal osmolality. Partial respiratory compensation occurred. A normal creatinine clearance indicated good glomerular renal function. Conclusion: The presented study supports the use of an isotonic infusion fluid with a low glucose concentration for preoperative infusion therapy.展开更多
目的:探索麻醉诱导后输入晶体液或胶体液对液体潴留指数(fluid retention index,FRI)的影响。方法:本研究为盲法前瞻性研究。选择胃肠外科肿瘤大手术患者111例,美国麻醉医生分级(ASA)I^II,分成4组:I组(万汶负荷和维持),II组(预注乳酸林...目的:探索麻醉诱导后输入晶体液或胶体液对液体潴留指数(fluid retention index,FRI)的影响。方法:本研究为盲法前瞻性研究。选择胃肠外科肿瘤大手术患者111例,美国麻醉医生分级(ASA)I^II,分成4组:I组(万汶负荷和维持),II组(预注乳酸林格氏液,万汶负荷,乳酸林格氏液维持),III组(万汶负荷,乳酸林格氏液维持),IV组(乳酸林格氏液负荷和维持);液体负荷以9 m L/kg万汶或者乳酸林格氏液,再以12 m L/kg万汶或者乳酸林格氏液体输注1 h,之后以维持心搏出量变异(SVV)值为13%左右指导液体治疗。每位受试者采集尿标本3次,即麻醉前、液体负荷完成以及手术开始后1 h。检测尿液颜色,尿比重、尿渗透压和尿肌酐浓度,并根据上述尿液指标计算FRI。结果:术前FRI的基础值为3.4±1.1,液体负荷期间FRI几乎没有变化(P>0.05),术后1 h液体维持输入万汶的患者(I组)的FRI值与基础值相比没有变化(P>0.05),而输入林格氏液体的患者(II组、III组和IV组)术后1 h的FRI值由3.3降到2.9(P=0.003)。当患者尿液速率小于100 m L/h,FRI迅速增加。无1例患者发生术后肾功能损伤,FRI≥4.0的患者占32%(15例),其术后血肌酐浓度轻度增加的风险增加6.4倍;而术中出血≥250 m L也增加术后血肌酐升高的风险。与术后血肌酐未升高的患者相比,术后血肌酐浓度增加的患者术中肌酐清除率也增加(155 m L/min vs 76 m L/min,P=0.012)。结论:林格氏液可以降低FRI值,逆转患者围手术期脱水,而羟乙基淀粉却没有此作用。术前FRI升高增加患者术后血肌酐浓度增加的风险。展开更多
DEFINITIONAcute diarrhoea is defined as passage of loose or waterystools at least three times in a 24 h period.When loosestools contain blood,it is called bloody diarrhoea(dysentery).It is the consistency of the stool...DEFINITIONAcute diarrhoea is defined as passage of loose or waterystools at least three times in a 24 h period.When loosestools contain blood,it is called bloody diarrhoea(dysentery).It is the consistency of the stools which ismost important rather than the frequency.Breast-fed babiesoften pass'pasty'stools frequently which is not diarrhoea.The raother can often tell accurately whether child hasdiarrhoea or not.展开更多
The hydration status of a physically active individual or athlete can influence his/her physical or mental performance. The degree of hypohydration may lead to serious health problems, and consequently to impair athle...The hydration status of a physically active individual or athlete can influence his/her physical or mental performance. The degree of hypohydration may lead to serious health problems, and consequently to impair athletic performance. The consumption of water or carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages before, during and after exercise is essential to maintain fluid balance and prevent dehydration. Besides these drinks, research findings have pointed using bovine milk as an alternative to sports drinks to optimize hydration levels in athletes and physically active individuals. The nutritional composition of cow’s milk promotes post-exercise rehydration process, due to the natural presence of water and electrolytes such as sodium and potassium. Although most studies have confirmed that bovine milk is a viable alternative for rehydration, recent studies have not reported significant differences between milk and some sports drinks for hydration process. Thus, milk consumption could be used as an alternative beverage for the hydration process.展开更多
文摘Regenerative medicine has brought about refreshing new thinking about age old problems. However, some problems remain mostly untouched and are not being addressed. A point in question is the track of scar tissue left behind post-operatively, which reveals the surgeon’s line of invasive incision. This confers on the patient an adverse psychological reminder and burden for the rest of his/her life. Most patients cannot afford corrective plastic surgery to ameliorate this skin defect. This paper seeks to ask whether biomedical scientists could play a role in arriving at a more pleasing cosmetic result, using a simple cell culture procedure of isolating un-manipulated autologous primary epidermal and dermal cells from a small skin tissue segment in close proximity to the surgeon’s incision line.
文摘Background: The aim of this study was to elucidate the preoperative clinical and biochemical profile of infants with IHPS to optimize infusion therapy. Patients and Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from 56 infants who were operated for IHPS. Our study includes growth and laboratory data prior to the initiation of therapy. Results: Median duration of propulsive vomiting was 4 d;the median age was 37 d (18 - 108), and the median body weight was 3840 g (2760 -5900). Metabolic alkalosis (MAlk) with a pH of 7.45 ± 0.06 and an stHCO3- of 28.7 ± 4.5 mmol/l was found. In a subgroup of the infants, negative base excess (BE) was observed. The sodium concentration was normal or reduced (mean/median of 137 mmol/l). There was a strong negative correlation between stHCO3- and K+. The carbon dioxide partial pressure tended to increase (5.72 ± 0.84 kPa). Calculations of osmolality revealed a normal osmolarity. Hypoglycemia did not occur. The creatinine clearance according to the Schwartz formula remained at a normal level (85.3 ± 24.3 ml/min/1.73 m2). Discussion: The presented case series is characterized by a short duration of preoperative vomiting. MAlk can be classified as a chloride deficiency syndrome. It is accompanied by normo- or hyponatremic dehydration with normal osmolality. Partial respiratory compensation occurred. A normal creatinine clearance indicated good glomerular renal function. Conclusion: The presented study supports the use of an isotonic infusion fluid with a low glucose concentration for preoperative infusion therapy.
文摘目的:探索麻醉诱导后输入晶体液或胶体液对液体潴留指数(fluid retention index,FRI)的影响。方法:本研究为盲法前瞻性研究。选择胃肠外科肿瘤大手术患者111例,美国麻醉医生分级(ASA)I^II,分成4组:I组(万汶负荷和维持),II组(预注乳酸林格氏液,万汶负荷,乳酸林格氏液维持),III组(万汶负荷,乳酸林格氏液维持),IV组(乳酸林格氏液负荷和维持);液体负荷以9 m L/kg万汶或者乳酸林格氏液,再以12 m L/kg万汶或者乳酸林格氏液体输注1 h,之后以维持心搏出量变异(SVV)值为13%左右指导液体治疗。每位受试者采集尿标本3次,即麻醉前、液体负荷完成以及手术开始后1 h。检测尿液颜色,尿比重、尿渗透压和尿肌酐浓度,并根据上述尿液指标计算FRI。结果:术前FRI的基础值为3.4±1.1,液体负荷期间FRI几乎没有变化(P>0.05),术后1 h液体维持输入万汶的患者(I组)的FRI值与基础值相比没有变化(P>0.05),而输入林格氏液体的患者(II组、III组和IV组)术后1 h的FRI值由3.3降到2.9(P=0.003)。当患者尿液速率小于100 m L/h,FRI迅速增加。无1例患者发生术后肾功能损伤,FRI≥4.0的患者占32%(15例),其术后血肌酐浓度轻度增加的风险增加6.4倍;而术中出血≥250 m L也增加术后血肌酐升高的风险。与术后血肌酐未升高的患者相比,术后血肌酐浓度增加的患者术中肌酐清除率也增加(155 m L/min vs 76 m L/min,P=0.012)。结论:林格氏液可以降低FRI值,逆转患者围手术期脱水,而羟乙基淀粉却没有此作用。术前FRI升高增加患者术后血肌酐浓度增加的风险。
文摘DEFINITIONAcute diarrhoea is defined as passage of loose or waterystools at least three times in a 24 h period.When loosestools contain blood,it is called bloody diarrhoea(dysentery).It is the consistency of the stools which ismost important rather than the frequency.Breast-fed babiesoften pass'pasty'stools frequently which is not diarrhoea.The raother can often tell accurately whether child hasdiarrhoea or not.
文摘The hydration status of a physically active individual or athlete can influence his/her physical or mental performance. The degree of hypohydration may lead to serious health problems, and consequently to impair athletic performance. The consumption of water or carbohydrate-electrolyte beverages before, during and after exercise is essential to maintain fluid balance and prevent dehydration. Besides these drinks, research findings have pointed using bovine milk as an alternative to sports drinks to optimize hydration levels in athletes and physically active individuals. The nutritional composition of cow’s milk promotes post-exercise rehydration process, due to the natural presence of water and electrolytes such as sodium and potassium. Although most studies have confirmed that bovine milk is a viable alternative for rehydration, recent studies have not reported significant differences between milk and some sports drinks for hydration process. Thus, milk consumption could be used as an alternative beverage for the hydration process.
