Xuefu Zhuyu decoction has been used for treating traumatic brain injury and improving post-traumatic dysfunction, but its mechanism of action needs further investigation. This study established rat models of traumatic...Xuefu Zhuyu decoction has been used for treating traumatic brain injury and improving post-traumatic dysfunction, but its mechanism of action needs further investigation. This study established rat models of traumatic brain injury by controlled cortical impact. Rat models were intragastrically administered 9 and 18 g/kg Xuefu Zhuyu decoction once a day for 14 or 21 days. Changes in neurological function were assessed by modified neurological severity scores and the Morris water maze. Immunohistochemistry, western blot assay, and re- verse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze synapsin protein and mRNA expression at the injury site of rats. Our results showed that Xuefu Zhuyu decoction visibly improved neurological function of rats with traumatic brain injury. These changes were accompanied by increased expression of synaptophysin, synapsin I, and postsynaptic density protein-95 protein and mRNA in a dose-de- pendent manner. These findings indicate that Xuefu Zhuyu decoction increases synapsin expression and improves neurological deficits alder traumatic brain injury.展开更多
Objective Post-operative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)and post-operative delirium(POD)are two common post-operative cerebral complications.The current meta-analysis was to systematically review the effects of penehyclid...Objective Post-operative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)and post-operative delirium(POD)are two common post-operative cerebral complications.The current meta-analysis was to systematically review the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride(PHC)on POCD and POD in surgical patients.Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify all randomized controlled trials comparing PHC with atropine/scopolamine/placebo on POCD and POD in surgical patients.Primary outcomes of interest included the incidences of POCD and POD;the secondary outcomes of interest included peri-operative minimental state examination(MMSE)scores.Two authors independently extracted peri-operative data,including patients'baseline characteristics,surgical variables,and outcome data.For dichotomous data(POCD and POD occurrence),treatment effects were calculated as odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidential interval(Cl).Each outcome was tested for heterogeneity,and randomized-effects or fixed-effects model was used in the presence or absence of significant heterogeneity.For continuous variables(MMSE scores),treatment effects were calculated as weighted mean difference(WMD)and 95%CI.Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05.Results Our search yielded 33 studies including 4017 patients.Meta-analysis showed that,the incidence of POCD in PHC group was comparable to that in saline group(OR=0.97;95%Ck 0.S8-1.64;P=0.92),scopolamine group(OR=0.78;95%CI:0.48-1.27;P=0.32)and atropine group(0R=1.20;95%Ch 0.86-1.67;P=0.29).The incidence of POD in PHC group was comparable to that in saline group(OR=1.53;95%CI:0.81-2.90;P=0.19)and scopolamine group(OR=0.53;95%CI:0.06-4.56;P=0.56),but higher than that in atropine group(OR=4.49;95%CI:1.34-15.01;P=0.01).Conclusions PHC premedication was not associated with increased incidences of POCD or POD as compared to either scopolamine or placebo.展开更多
Permanent post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a grim outcome to an estimated 6% of elderly surgical patients. Volatile anesthetics impact neuronal tissue independent of effects attributed to the physical tr...Permanent post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a grim outcome to an estimated 6% of elderly surgical patients. Volatile anesthetics impact neuronal tissue independent of effects attributed to the physical trauma of the surgery itself. While it is recognized that all aspects related to surgery may contribute to cognitive loss in some manner, the present paper focuses on the role of volatile anesthetics in promoting POCD. There is an increased risk of onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from POCD, implying that the neuropathogenesis between the two is similar. Human studies, being ethically limited in scope, require animal models as a substitute. While the literature using rodent models contains valuable information, we believe that the accessible and practical zebrafish will greatly enhance our further understanding of the molecular mechanism of POCD as it relates to AD. Disease genes and fundamental neurobehaviors of these teleost fish mirror those of mammals and humans, validating their use as a core research model for AD. Since the gradual senescence seen in zebrafish also resembles that found in humans, we numerically correlated the two lifespans, offering researchers a computational tool. Zebrafish, being aquatic animals, necessitates the use of miscible compounds, such as trifluoroethanol, whose anesthetic potency we are presenting. We also review the rodent and zebrafish literature relevant to POCD. Continued research with the leading-edge zebrafish unlocks the possibility that, in the future, perioperative intervention will prevent POCD.展开更多
Studies have shown that repetitive transcra nial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)can enhance synaptic plasticity and improve neurological dysfunction.Howeve r,the mechanism through which rTMS can improve moderate traumatic ...Studies have shown that repetitive transcra nial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)can enhance synaptic plasticity and improve neurological dysfunction.Howeve r,the mechanism through which rTMS can improve moderate traumatic brain injury remains poorly understood.In this study,we established rat models of moderate traumatic brain injury using Feeney's weight-dropping method and treated them using rTMS.To help determine the mechanism of action,we measured levels of seve ral impo rtant brain activity-related proteins and their mRNA.On the injured side of the brain,we found that rTMS increased the protein levels and mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,tropomyosin receptor kinase B,N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1,and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein,which are closely associated with the occurrence of long-term potentiation.rTMS also partially reve rsed the loss of synaptophysin after injury and promoted the remodeling of synaptic ultrastructure.These findings suggest that upregulation of synaptic plasticity-related protein expression is the mechanism through which rTMS promotes neurological function recovery after moderate traumatic brain injury.展开更多
目的探讨与分析脑梗死(cerebral infarction,CI)患者脑脊液溶血磷脂酸(plasma lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)水平与神经功能缺损状态的相关性分析。方法选择2020年3月—2022年11月在北京市昌平区中西医结合医院诊治的67例脑梗死患者作为...目的探讨与分析脑梗死(cerebral infarction,CI)患者脑脊液溶血磷脂酸(plasma lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)水平与神经功能缺损状态的相关性分析。方法选择2020年3月—2022年11月在北京市昌平区中西医结合医院诊治的67例脑梗死患者作为研究对象,所有患者在入院时进行神经功能缺损状态美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分,检测脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平并进行相关性分析。结果在67例患者中,平均神经功能缺损状态NIHSS评分为(18.32±2.15)分,其中>21分17例(重度组)。重度组性别、身体质量指数、受教育程度、合并疾病等与非重度组对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),重度组与非重度组的年龄、发病到入院时间等对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度组与非重度组的血糖、同型半胱氨酸、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),重度组的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量高于非重度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度组的脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平显著高于非重度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson分析显示NIHSS评分与年龄、发病到入院时间、脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平都存在正相关性(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示年龄、发病到入院时间、脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平为影响脑梗死患者NIHSS评分的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论脑梗死患者的神经功能缺损状态比较严重,神经功能缺损状态越差的脑梗死患者,脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平越高,脑梗死患者脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平与神经功能缺损状态存在相关性。展开更多
目的探讨化瘀解痉方联合尼莫地平治疗动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(Subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)后脑血管痉挛患者的疗效及对其血管内皮功能的影响。方法选取2022年1月-2023年1月期间保定市第一中心医院收治的SAH后脑血管痉挛患者90例,按随...目的探讨化瘀解痉方联合尼莫地平治疗动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(Subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)后脑血管痉挛患者的疗效及对其血管内皮功能的影响。方法选取2022年1月-2023年1月期间保定市第一中心医院收治的SAH后脑血管痉挛患者90例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各45例。对照组给予尼莫地平治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合化瘀解痉方治疗,均连续治疗15 d。观察两组患者治疗前后神经功能缺损评分(National institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)、Hunt-Hess分级评分、意识障碍程度评分(Glasgow coma scale,GCS)、血管内皮功能指标[内皮素-1(Endothelin-1,ET-1)、血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)]、脑血流指标[大脑中动脉平均流速(Mean flow velocity of middle cerebral artery,MCA-Vm)、颈内动脉颅外段平均流速(Mean extracranial velocity of internal carotid artery,VICA-Vm)、脑血管痉挛(Cerebral vasospasm,CAS)指数]改善情况,临床总有效率及不良反应情况。结果治疗后两组患者NIHSS、Hunt-Hess评分均较治疗前降低,GCS评分均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组NIHSS、Hunt-Hess评分均明显低于对照组,GCS评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者ET-1、VEGF水平均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组ET-1、VEGF水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者MCA-Vm、VICA-Vm及CAS指数均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组MCA-Vm、VICA-Vm及CAS指数均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组临床总有效率91.11%(41/45)明显高于对照组73.33%(33/45),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间,两组患者均未发生不良反应,也未出现死亡病例。结论化瘀解痉方联合尼莫地平能够改善SAH后脑血管痉挛患者的血管内皮功能,增加脑血流灌注,减轻神经功能损伤,控制病情发展,疗效显著,安全性高。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81673719,81173175 and 81303074a grant from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2016M600639 and 2017T100614
文摘Xuefu Zhuyu decoction has been used for treating traumatic brain injury and improving post-traumatic dysfunction, but its mechanism of action needs further investigation. This study established rat models of traumatic brain injury by controlled cortical impact. Rat models were intragastrically administered 9 and 18 g/kg Xuefu Zhuyu decoction once a day for 14 or 21 days. Changes in neurological function were assessed by modified neurological severity scores and the Morris water maze. Immunohistochemistry, western blot assay, and re- verse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to analyze synapsin protein and mRNA expression at the injury site of rats. Our results showed that Xuefu Zhuyu decoction visibly improved neurological function of rats with traumatic brain injury. These changes were accompanied by increased expression of synaptophysin, synapsin I, and postsynaptic density protein-95 protein and mRNA in a dose-de- pendent manner. These findings indicate that Xuefu Zhuyu decoction increases synapsin expression and improves neurological deficits alder traumatic brain injury.
文摘Objective Post-operative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)and post-operative delirium(POD)are two common post-operative cerebral complications.The current meta-analysis was to systematically review the effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride(PHC)on POCD and POD in surgical patients.Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify all randomized controlled trials comparing PHC with atropine/scopolamine/placebo on POCD and POD in surgical patients.Primary outcomes of interest included the incidences of POCD and POD;the secondary outcomes of interest included peri-operative minimental state examination(MMSE)scores.Two authors independently extracted peri-operative data,including patients'baseline characteristics,surgical variables,and outcome data.For dichotomous data(POCD and POD occurrence),treatment effects were calculated as odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidential interval(Cl).Each outcome was tested for heterogeneity,and randomized-effects or fixed-effects model was used in the presence or absence of significant heterogeneity.For continuous variables(MMSE scores),treatment effects were calculated as weighted mean difference(WMD)and 95%CI.Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05.Results Our search yielded 33 studies including 4017 patients.Meta-analysis showed that,the incidence of POCD in PHC group was comparable to that in saline group(OR=0.97;95%Ck 0.S8-1.64;P=0.92),scopolamine group(OR=0.78;95%CI:0.48-1.27;P=0.32)and atropine group(0R=1.20;95%Ch 0.86-1.67;P=0.29).The incidence of POD in PHC group was comparable to that in saline group(OR=1.53;95%CI:0.81-2.90;P=0.19)and scopolamine group(OR=0.53;95%CI:0.06-4.56;P=0.56),but higher than that in atropine group(OR=4.49;95%CI:1.34-15.01;P=0.01).Conclusions PHC premedication was not associated with increased incidences of POCD or POD as compared to either scopolamine or placebo.
文摘Permanent post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a grim outcome to an estimated 6% of elderly surgical patients. Volatile anesthetics impact neuronal tissue independent of effects attributed to the physical trauma of the surgery itself. While it is recognized that all aspects related to surgery may contribute to cognitive loss in some manner, the present paper focuses on the role of volatile anesthetics in promoting POCD. There is an increased risk of onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) from POCD, implying that the neuropathogenesis between the two is similar. Human studies, being ethically limited in scope, require animal models as a substitute. While the literature using rodent models contains valuable information, we believe that the accessible and practical zebrafish will greatly enhance our further understanding of the molecular mechanism of POCD as it relates to AD. Disease genes and fundamental neurobehaviors of these teleost fish mirror those of mammals and humans, validating their use as a core research model for AD. Since the gradual senescence seen in zebrafish also resembles that found in humans, we numerically correlated the two lifespans, offering researchers a computational tool. Zebrafish, being aquatic animals, necessitates the use of miscible compounds, such as trifluoroethanol, whose anesthetic potency we are presenting. We also review the rodent and zebrafish literature relevant to POCD. Continued research with the leading-edge zebrafish unlocks the possibility that, in the future, perioperative intervention will prevent POCD.
基金supported by the President Foundation of Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,No.2016Z003(50107021)(to JZF).
文摘Studies have shown that repetitive transcra nial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)can enhance synaptic plasticity and improve neurological dysfunction.Howeve r,the mechanism through which rTMS can improve moderate traumatic brain injury remains poorly understood.In this study,we established rat models of moderate traumatic brain injury using Feeney's weight-dropping method and treated them using rTMS.To help determine the mechanism of action,we measured levels of seve ral impo rtant brain activity-related proteins and their mRNA.On the injured side of the brain,we found that rTMS increased the protein levels and mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,tropomyosin receptor kinase B,N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 1,and phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein,which are closely associated with the occurrence of long-term potentiation.rTMS also partially reve rsed the loss of synaptophysin after injury and promoted the remodeling of synaptic ultrastructure.These findings suggest that upregulation of synaptic plasticity-related protein expression is the mechanism through which rTMS promotes neurological function recovery after moderate traumatic brain injury.
文摘目的探讨与分析脑梗死(cerebral infarction,CI)患者脑脊液溶血磷脂酸(plasma lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)水平与神经功能缺损状态的相关性分析。方法选择2020年3月—2022年11月在北京市昌平区中西医结合医院诊治的67例脑梗死患者作为研究对象,所有患者在入院时进行神经功能缺损状态美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health Stroke Scale,NIHSS)评分,检测脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平并进行相关性分析。结果在67例患者中,平均神经功能缺损状态NIHSS评分为(18.32±2.15)分,其中>21分17例(重度组)。重度组性别、身体质量指数、受教育程度、合并疾病等与非重度组对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),重度组与非重度组的年龄、发病到入院时间等对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度组与非重度组的血糖、同型半胱氨酸、总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),重度组的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量高于非重度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重度组的脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平显著高于非重度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson分析显示NIHSS评分与年龄、发病到入院时间、脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平都存在正相关性(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示年龄、发病到入院时间、脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平为影响脑梗死患者NIHSS评分的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论脑梗死患者的神经功能缺损状态比较严重,神经功能缺损状态越差的脑梗死患者,脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平越高,脑梗死患者脑脊液溶血磷脂酸水平与神经功能缺损状态存在相关性。
文摘目的探讨化瘀解痉方联合尼莫地平治疗动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(Subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)后脑血管痉挛患者的疗效及对其血管内皮功能的影响。方法选取2022年1月-2023年1月期间保定市第一中心医院收治的SAH后脑血管痉挛患者90例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各45例。对照组给予尼莫地平治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合化瘀解痉方治疗,均连续治疗15 d。观察两组患者治疗前后神经功能缺损评分(National institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)、Hunt-Hess分级评分、意识障碍程度评分(Glasgow coma scale,GCS)、血管内皮功能指标[内皮素-1(Endothelin-1,ET-1)、血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)]、脑血流指标[大脑中动脉平均流速(Mean flow velocity of middle cerebral artery,MCA-Vm)、颈内动脉颅外段平均流速(Mean extracranial velocity of internal carotid artery,VICA-Vm)、脑血管痉挛(Cerebral vasospasm,CAS)指数]改善情况,临床总有效率及不良反应情况。结果治疗后两组患者NIHSS、Hunt-Hess评分均较治疗前降低,GCS评分均较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组NIHSS、Hunt-Hess评分均明显低于对照组,GCS评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者ET-1、VEGF水平均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组ET-1、VEGF水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者MCA-Vm、VICA-Vm及CAS指数均较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且观察组MCA-Vm、VICA-Vm及CAS指数均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组临床总有效率91.11%(41/45)明显高于对照组73.33%(33/45),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间,两组患者均未发生不良反应,也未出现死亡病例。结论化瘀解痉方联合尼莫地平能够改善SAH后脑血管痉挛患者的血管内皮功能,增加脑血流灌注,减轻神经功能损伤,控制病情发展,疗效显著,安全性高。
