英语Culture time板块教学初探

译林版小学英语教材从五年级上册开始增设Culture time板块,目的是让学生在学习文化知识的过程中实现文化理解。指向文化理解的Culture time板块教学,可以通过补充相关知识,帮助学生理解文化的多样性;通过引导探究体验,帮助学生理解文化的深刻性;通过指引对比异同,帮助学生理解文化的差异性。

Culture time板块教学现状与对策

译林小学英语教材在高年段增设了Culture time板块,介绍与单元话题相关的文化知识,是教材修订的亮点所在。本文在南京两所普通小学开展了实证研究,调查Culture time板块的教学现状,研究发现,多数教师已经意识到文化教学的重要作用,但并不重视该板块的实际课堂教学,缺乏开展跨文化交际活动等教学策略。通过教师自身更新观念、整合资源,改变教学模式,能够给学生提供文化体验的契机,并有针对性地提升教学实效。

内探与延展:小学英语Culture time板块的教学路径探究

以农村小学英语教育为背景,以小学英语Culture time板块的延展教学为研究对象,对苏教译林版小学英语教材进行探究,讨论该板块的教学现状和延展策略,提出梳理板块内容、注重延展教学、整合板块知识、联系生活实际、增加课堂趣味性、强调文化差异等教学策略。认为教师应重视Culture time板块的教学,激发学生对中西方文化差异的探究欲望,培养其文化意识,提升其学科素养。

译林版小学英语教材Culture time板块的教学策略探究

一、前言 语言是文化的载体，语言与文化紧密相连。《义务教育英语课程标准》（2011年版）（以下简称《课程标准》）指出，英语教学应有利于学生理解外国文化，形成跨文化交际意识和初步的跨文化交际能力（教育部，2012）。

小学英语Culture time板块教学策略研究

语言是文化的载体，更是文化的组成部分，语言与文化密切联系。英语新课标明确要求“加强国际理解教育，推动跨文化交流，增进学生对不同国家、不同文化的认识和理解”。因此，在新版牛津小学英语五六年级教材中，新增设了Culture time文化板块：

Tidal Flushing Time of Marine Fish Culture Zones in Hong Kong

Accurate determination of flushing time is crucial for maintaining sustainable production in fish culture zones （FCZs）, as it represents the physical self-purification capability via tidal exchange with clean water in the outer sea. However, owing to the temporal and spatial complexity of the coastal flushing process, existing methods for determining flushing time may not be generally applicable. In this paper, a systematic method for determining the flushing time in FCZs is presented, in which bathymetry, runoff, tidal range and stratification are properly accounted for. We determine the flushing time via numerical tracer experiments, using robust 3D hydrodynamic and mass transport models. For FCZs located in sheltered and land-locked tidal inlets, the system boundary can be naturally defined at the connection with the open sea. For FCZs located in open＇waters, hydrodynamic tracking is first used to assess the extent of tidal excursion and thus delimit the initial boundary between clean water and polluted water. This general method is applied to all designated marine FCZs in Hong Kong for both the dry and wet seasons, including 20 sheltered FCZs （in semi-enclosed waters of Tolo Harbour, Mirs Bay, and Port Shelter） and 6 FCZs in open waters. Our results show that flushing time is the longest in inner Port Shelter （about 40 days in dry season）, and the shortest for the FCZs in open waters （less than one week in dry season）. In addition, the flushing time in dry season is commonly longer than that in wet season： 20%~40% for most well-sheltered FCZs; 2.6-4 times for the others. Our results indicate a positive correlation between the flushing time and distance to open boundary, supporting the view that the flushing time of a FCZ is closely related to its location. This study provides a solid basis for mariculture management such as the determination of carrying capacity of FCZs.

Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast Starter Cultures on the Soaking Time and Quality of “Ofada” Rice

Freshly harvested paddy rice was randomly obtained from three different farms in “Ofada” town, Ogun State, Nigeria and processed according to the traditional parboiling method. The rice was inoculated singly with cultures of Lactobacillus amylophilus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae which were isolated from the soak-water. In order to assess the effect of starter cultures on the soaking time of the rice, the pH and titratable acidity were determined at 12 h interval. The chemical composition and the sensory quality of the rice were also determined at the end of the soaking period while uninoculated rice served as control. The chemical composition of the rice as well as the pH and TTA of the soak-water were significantly (p < 0.05) different from the control while the processing time was shortened to 48 h. The rice inoculated with Saccharomyces uvarum and Saccharomyces cerevisae had the highest protein content and best sensory attributes.

文化让兴趣开花——小学译林牛津英语Culture time板块教学初探

爱因斯坦说过“兴趣是最好的老师”。如何激发小学高年级学生学习英语的兴趣呢？本文通过阐述笔者在教授小学译林牛津英语Culture time板块时发现，不断渗透文化知识可以让学生保持持久的学习兴趣；同时亦能调动起学生学习英语的主观能动性。文化让兴趣开花，让交际更容易。

从文化意识到文化品格的嬗变——浅谈小学英语Culture time版块的教学策略

文化品格是英语学科核心素养的重要要素之一,要求英语学科着力培养具有文化修养和社会责任感的小学生,文化品格的提出为英语学科指明了育人方向。Culture time作为英语文化知识教学的主要版块,对于学生文化意识的培养、文化品格的塑造起着至关重要的作用。纵观小学英语Culture time版块教学现状,存在教师轻板块教学、重知识训练的教学弊端,学生语言学习、文化教学和品格培养都相剥离的现象。基于此,旨在从深度挖掘教材、创设课堂实践活动两方面探寻Culture time版块教学的策略。

基于英语Culture time板块浅谈学生文化意识的培养

文化意识是小学英语学科核心素养的重要因素之一,Culture time作为英语文化知识教学的主要板块,对学生文化意识的培养、文化品格的塑造起着至关重要的作用。本文以译林版英语五年级上册Unit 7 Chinese festivals中Culture time板块的教学为例,通过感知文化、探索文化、触摸文化,浅谈Culture time的教学策略以及学生文化意识的培养。

Prolonged post-thaw culture of embryos does not improve outcomes of frozen human embryo transfer cycles: A prospective randomized study

Objective:To evaluate the impact of prolonged post-thaw embryos culture on pregnancy outcome during frozen embryo transfer cycles.Methods:This prospective cohort study evaluated 324 thaw transfer cycles with 819 embryos from 269 patients at the Center for Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility of Hue University Hospital in Vietnam.These frozen embryo transfer cycles were divided into two groups at the time of thawing:the short culture group(2-hour post-thaw culture)and the overnight culture group(overnight culture for 18 h)before the embryo was transferred into the uterus.The rates of embryo intact,grade A embryo at frozen and transfer time and continuing cleavage were recorded.The clinical outcomes including serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin,clinical pregnancy and implantation rate were evaluated after 14 days,4 weeks,6 weeks,respectively,after embryo transfer.Results:Human chorionic gonadotropin positive occurred in 39.5%of patients in the short culture group compared to 25.9%in the overnight culture group with risk difference(RD)=13.6%,relative risk(RR)=1.343,95%confidence interval(CI)1.085-1.663,P<0.01.Clinical pregnancy rate of the short culture group and overnight culture group was 33.3%and 24.1%,respectively(RD=9.2%,RR=1.242,95%CI 0.996-1.549,P=0.06)and the implantation rate in the short culture group and overnight culture group was 16.5%and 11.0%,respectively(RD=5.5%,RR=1.244,95%CI 1.046-1.479,P=0.01).In women of advanced age(≥35 years)and women who received 3 embryos,pregnancy outcomes were found to be significantly(P<0.05)higher in the short culture than in the overnight culture group.Conclusions:The prolonged post-thaw culture period does not increase pregnancy outcome in comparison with the short culture.

Effect of Different Reproductive Stages and Culture Times on Domestic Cat <i>in Vitro </i>Oocyte Maturation

The domestic cat has been used as a model to carry out comparative research in assisted reproduction, to be applied in wild cats. The efficiency in domestic cat IVM concerning the reproductive status and/or cultivation times has previously been investigated;however, the studies were carried out separately. The objective of this research was to evaluate the maturation of oocytes of domestic cats of different reproductive stages using two different in vitro culture times. The ovaries were obtained by Ooforo-Salpingo-Hysterectomy of cats that were of the following groups: 1) prepubertal, 2) follicular, 3) pregnant or 4) in anestrus. Maturation was carried out with TCM199 medium supplemented with BSA for 24 h and 48 h. On average, 29 ± 25, 20 ± 15, 17 ± 9 and 17 ± 13 oocytes/cat were recovered from the prepubertal follicular, pregnant, and anestrus stages, respectively, but did not show a significant difference (P > 0.05). Also, meiotic maturation did not show a significant difference between the different reproductive stages at 24 h and 48 h, respectively (P > 0.05). However, in the prepubertal and follicular stages, greater oocyte maturation numbers were observed at 48 h compared to 24 h (P < 0.05). In contrast, the aforementioned result was not observed in the pregnant and anestrus stages (P > 0.05), indicating that the in vitro culture duration is an important factor during in vitro maturation of domestic cat oocytes.

为“文化”插上翅膀 载学生飞向远方——译林版英语Culture time板块教学探析

语言的学习不仅要丰富学生的语言知识、提升其语言技能,而且要让学生了解不同国家的文化,开拓他们的眼界,提升其民族自豪感和跨文化交际能力#英语也不例外,新版译林五、六年级英语教材中的Culture time板块,既体现了新课程标准的文化意识精神,也是学生学习中西方文化的重要途径。但是Culture time教学的现状不容乐观,不乏重视度不够、重语言知识轻文化意识等现象,教师应改变观点,改善方法,提高Culture time板块教学效率,提升学生文化意识,引导学生飞向更广阔的天地。

小学英语Culture time板块教学优化策略探析

译林版小学英语五、六年级教材中Culture time 板块的设置旨在引导学生在接触和了解英语国家文化的过程中更好地理解和使用英语,有利于培养学生的国际文化意识。基于Culture time的教学现象分析,笔者从关注教学方法的趣味性、关注与单元话题及其他板块的联系、关注文化教学的适度拓展、关注教材资源的整合四个方面来提出优化Culture time教学的策略。

立足教材的Culture time,培养学生的文化意识

文化意识是核心素养的重要组成部分,译林版小学英语教材文化板块提供了很多文化内容,本文从目前学生文化意识缺乏的原因分析,从教材、教师、课堂教学、学生活动等方面提出培养学生文化意识的有效途径。

Culture time板块中文化意识渗透的有效实现

文化意识的培养日益受到教师的重视,但是目前大多数的研究还在论证文化意识培养的重要性和必要性,落实到具体操作方法层面的并不多。笔者通过对译林版小学英语五、六年级4册书中的28个Culture time板块进行了分类梳理,总结出三大类型:文化事实描述型、文化行为描述型和英式英语美式英语对比型,并从这三种类型入手,逐一分析目前教学中存在的困难,结合具体实例,提出解决问题的有效途径,总结出"多说""多做""多听"三个"多",力求探索出利用Culture time板块进行文化意识渗透的有效途径。

Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱胚胎培养对胚胎发育的影响

目的探讨Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱胚胎培养对胚胎发育的影响。方法选取2021年3月—2023年3月在本院生殖中心行IVF-ET/ICSI-ET治疗的613个周期的胚胎发育数据,随机分配胚胎培养方式。分为对照组与研究组,其中对照组为桌面台式培养箱方式(360个周期),研究组为Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱方式(253个周期),统计两组胚胎发育质量。结果研究组中正常受精数、可移植胚胎数、形成囊胚数、优质胚胎数、高评分囊胚数、受精率、冷冻胚胎率、胚囊形成率、优质胚胎率、高评分囊胚率高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论Time-lapse培养与桌面台式培养箱胚胎培养方式优于桌面台式培养箱方式,可为胚胎培养提供适宜的环境、温度、湿度等,有助于胚胎发育,具有较强的实用性和推广性,值得推广应用。

24重荧光real-time PCR技术在食物中毒快速检测中的应用

目的:应用24重荧光real-time PCR检测技术快速筛检食物中毒病原菌,结合国家标准中的培养法探讨24重荧光real-time PCR检测技术符合性和应用价值。方法:采用高灵敏度、高特异性的24重荧光real-time PCR检测技术作为中毒病原菌的初筛方法,国标方法进行细菌分离培养,并对分离出的病原菌进行生化鉴定。结果:5份食物中毒患者肛拭子在增菌前检出4份霍乱弧菌核酸(非O1/非O139群,24重荧光real-time PCR),9份患者肛拭子在增菌后检出5株霍乱弧菌(非O1/非O139群,国标培养法),其中包含4份PCR技术初筛阳性样品,两个方法的符合率为80%。所有样本均未检出沙门氏菌、志贺菌、副溶血性弧菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌以及金黄色葡萄球菌。结论:应用24重荧光real-time PCR检测技术同时检测24种常见致病病原菌,能高效锁定中毒病原菌。将其与国标培养法相结合,对临床治疗和食物中毒快速处置能起到积极作用,值得应用和推广。

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Urinary Tract Pathogens, with Molecular Identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Acinetobacter spp., Using Multiplex Real-Time PCR

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by uropathogens are a significant public health problem, and their treatment primarily relies on antibiotic therapy. However, the increasing global development of antibiotic resistance necessitates updating diagnostic techniques to ensure higher sensitivity and specificity, especially with advancements in science and medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of UTIs and antibiotic resistance profiles through urine culture, as well as to identify Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Acinetobacter spp. in urine samples using a molecular approach with multiplex real-time PCR. From May 3 to July 25, 2023, at the Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA) and Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO), 209 urine samples collected from patients with suspected UTIs were analyzed using both urine culture and multiplex real-time PCR. Among the 209 patients, 52.15% were male and 47.85% female, with an average age of 46.87 ± 21.33 years. Urine cultures revealed an overall UTI prevalence of 23.44%, with a prevalence of 8.13% in men versus 15.31% in women (P = 0.023). The bacterial prevalence rates were as follows: Escherichia coli (12.92%), Klebsiella spp. (7.18%), Enterobacter cloacae (1.44%), Staphylococcus aureus (0.96%), and other bacteria. Klebsiella spp. demonstrated 100% resistance to Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, while Escherichia coli showed 96.2% and 65.4% resistance to Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid, respectively. PCR analysis of the target bacteria revealed mono-infection prevalence rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.39%), Klebsiella oxytoca (7.79%), and Acinetobacter spp. (7.79%), along with a co-infection prevalence rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae/Acinetobacter spp. (1.30%). This study demonstrated that PCR, with its high sensitivity and specificity, could effectively distinguish Klebsiella pneumoniae from Klebsiella oxytoca and detect Acinetobacter spp. in less than 24 hours—something urine culture alone could not achieve. The relative ease of automating urine PCR testing, combined with its diagnostic accuracy and rapid turnaround time, makes it a valuable addition to modern medical practice for the laboratory diagnosis of UTIs.

The Cultural Pattern of Time in America

The perceptions of time are influenced by different cultural background. American understanding of time is typical of western countries. This paper introduces and explains American cultural pattern, thus avoiding from happening unpleasant things in the process of cross-cultural communication.