Complication rates after direct anterior vs posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with femoral neck fractures

BACKGROUND Dislocation rates after hemiarthroplasty reportedly vary from 1%to 17%.This serious complication is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates.Approaches to this surgery are still debated,with no consensus regarding the superiority of any single approach.AIM To compare early postoperative complications after implementing the direct anterior and posterior approaches(PL)for hip hemiarthroplasty after femoral neck fractures.METHODS This is a comparative,retrospective,single-center cohort study conducted at a university hospital.Between March 2008 and December 2018,273 patients(a total of 280 hips)underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasties(n=280)for displaced femoral neck fractures using either the PL(n=171)or the minimally invasive direct anterior approach(DAA)(n=109).The choice of approach was related to the surgeons’practices;the implant types were similar and unrelated to the approach.Dislocation rates and other complications were reviewed after a minimum followup of 6 mo.RESULTS Both treatment groups had similarly aged patients(mean age:82 years),sex ratios,patient body mass indexes,and patient comorbidities.Surgical data(surgery delay time,operative time,and blood loss volume)did not differ significantly between the groups.The 30 d mortality rate was higher in the PL group(9.9%)than in the DAA group(3.7%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.052).Among the one-month survivors,a significantly higher rate of dislocation was observed in the PL group(14/154;9.1%)than in the DAA group(0/105;0%)(P=0.002).Of the 14 patients with dislocation,8 underwent revision surgery for recurrent instability(posterior group),and one of them had 2 additional procedures due to a deep infection.The rate of other complications(e.g.,perioperative and early postoperative periprosthetic fractures and infection-related complications)did not differ significantly between the groups.CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the DAA to bipolar hemiarthroplasty for patients with femoral neck fractures is associated with a lower dislocation rate(<1%)than the PL.

Direct anterior compared to posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty following femoral neck fractures

The differences in complication rates between the direct anterior and posterior approaches for hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures are not yet fully understood.Dislocation,a severe complication associated with increased mortality and often requiring additional surgery,may occur less frequently with the direct anterior approach compared to the posterior approach.Careful consideration of patient demographics is essential when planning the surgical approach.Future research in this area should focus on robust randomized controlled trials involving elderly patients recovering from femoral neck fractures.

Debate on direct-anterior vs posterior approach for hip hemiarthroplasty:The authors’insights

We read and discussed the study entitled“Complication rates after direct anterior vs posterior approach for Hip Hemiarthroplasty in elderly individuals with femoral neck fractures”with great interest.The authors have done justice to the topic of comparison of anterior and posterior surgical approaches for bipolar hemiarthroplasty which has been an everlasting debate in the existing literature.However,there are certain aspects of this study that need clarification from the authors.

Surgical resection of intradural extramedullary tumors in the atlantoaxial spine via a posterior approach

BACKGROUND The anatomical features of the atlantoaxial spine increase the difficulty of complete and safe removal of atlantoaxial intradural extramedullary(IDEM)tumors.Studies concerning surgical interventions via a posterior approach are limited.AIM To investigate the safety and efficacy of atlantoaxial IDEM tumor resection using a one-stage posterior approach.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed clinical databases for one-stage atlantoaxial IDEM tumor resection via a posterior approach between January 2008 and January 2018.The analyzed data included tumor position,histopathological type,pre-and postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association(JOA)scores and Nurick grades,postoperative complication and recurrence status.RESULTS A total of 13 patients who underwent C1-C2 Laminectomy and/or unilateral facetectomy via the posterior approach were enrolled in the study.In all cases reviewed,total tumor resection and concomitant C1-C2 fusion were achieved.The average follow-up was 35.3±6.9 mo(range,26-49 mo).A statistically significant difference was noted between the preoperative JOA score(11.2±1.1)and the score at the last final follow-up(15.6±1.0)(P<0.05).A statistically significant difference was noted between the preoperative Nurick grade(2.3±0.9)and that at the last follow-up(1.2±0.4)(P<0.05).However,no statistically significant difference was noted between the preoperative and last follow-up C1-2 Cobb angle and C2-7 Cobb angle(P>0.05).No mortalities,severe complications or tumor recurrence were observed during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION Total resection of atlantoaxial IDEM tumors is feasible and effective via a posterior approach.Surgical reconstruction should be considered to avoid iatrogenic kyphosis and improve spinal stability and overall clinical outcomes.

Modified surgical techniques in total en bloc spondylectomy for thoracic and lumbar tumors with a single posterior approach

Objective To investigate the operation key points,instrument improvement and shortterm effects in total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) via a single posterior approach for thoracic and lumbar tumors.Methods A series of modified

Posterior approach (Kraske procedure) for surgical treatment of presacral tumors

Presacral tumors are rare,but can comprise a great variety of histological types.Congenital tumors are the most common.Once the diagnosis is established,surgical resection is essential because of the potential for malignancy or infection.Previous biopsy is not necessary or may be even harmful.To decide the best surgical approach(abdominal,sacral or combined) an individual and multidisciplinary analysis must be carried out.We report three cases of cystic presacral masses in which a posterior approach(Kraske procedure) enabled complete resection,the only way to decrease local recurrence.All patients had a satisfactory recovery.A brief overview of retrorectal tumors is presented,focusing on classification,clinical presentation,diagnosis and surgical management.

Assessment of the Outcome of Anterior versus Posterior Approach in the Management of Displaced Pediatric Supracondylar Humerus Fracture

Background: Supracondylar fractures of the humerus are among the most common type of pediatric fractures. The outcome of severely displaced supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children subjected to wide controversies in term of safety, functional and cosmetic outcome. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning is now considered as the gold standard rule, but open reduction still applicable in certain cases where intraoperative imaging is not available, in comminuted lateral column fractures and uneducable fractures. Aim of the Study: To compare the outcome (functional and cosmetic) of anterior (Henry) approach with the posterior (Campbell) approach used in two groups of patients’ sustained displaced supracondylar fractures. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was performed on 48 pediatric patients who were been admitted to the Emergency Hospital in Sulaimani province sustained displaced supracondylar humeral fractures and treated during the period from the first of October 2009 to the thirty-one of January 2011. The study included 28 boys, 20 girls;their mean age was 7.5 years;their ages range 2 - 13 years. We used the modified Gartland classification to assess the fractures displacement and only Gartland type II B and III were included and managed operatively by open reduction and internal fixation with 2 crossed K-wires. Follow up continued for 6 months and the results finally assessed using Flynn’s criteria. Results: According to the criteria of Flynn et al., 20 patients (83.3%) treated by the anterior approach had excellent functional results while 4 patients (16.7%) had good functional results. While those treated by the posterior approach, 16 patients (66.6%) had excellent functional results, 6 patients (25%) had good results and 2 (8.3%) patients had fair outcome. Cosmetic results were excellent in 22 patients in the anterior approach group and 20 patients in the posterior approach group. Conclusion: Posterior Campbell approach is simpler than anterior Henry approach, but it creates additional soft tissue damage that can affect the circulatory status and hence possible osteonecrosis of the trochlea and a higher percentage of limitation in joint mobility. While the anterior approach is technically more demanding, but it gives better functional results.

Safety and efficacy of posterior approach for resection of spinal meningioma:Impact of dural attachment location

BACKGROUND Spinal meningiomas(SMs)are common benign tumors that are typically treated with surgical resection.The choice of surgical approach may vary depending on the location of dural attachment of the SM,with a posterior approach being the traditional preference.However,there is limited research available on the impact of dural attachment location on outcomes following posterior approach for SM resection.The average age of the included 34 patients’(10 males and 24 females)age was 62.09 years.Mean follow-up duration was 22.65 months.The location of SM was the thoracic spine in 32 cases,with only 2 in the cervical spine.On average,intraoperative blood loss was 520.59 mL,and operating time was 176.76 minutes.Thirty three cases had successful outcomes while only 1 experienced an unexpe-cted outcome.The tumor recurrence rate was 2.9%.After surgery,there were 3 cases of cerebral spinal fluid leakage,1 case of pneumonia,and 1 case of urinary tract infection.Dural attachments were predominantly found dorsal or dorso-lateral(13 cases),followed by ventral or ventrolateral(14 cases),and lateral(7 cases).The outcomes among these subgroups were similar.CONCLUSION The posterior approach for SM resection is safe and effective,yielding comparable surgical and neurological outcomes regardless of the dural attachment location.

Surgical treatment of cervicothoracic junction spinal tuberculosis via combined anterior and posterior approaches in children

Background Cervicothoracic junction spinal tuberculosis （CJST） in children is uncommon, especially when accompanied by a huge abscess. However, its consequences can be severe. Because of the special anatomic location of the cervicothoracic junction, surgical treatment is difficult and rarely reported. The aim of this clinical study was to assess the effectiveness of combined anterior and posterior approaches for focal debridement, decompression, allografting and anterior instrumentation in the treatment of CJST in children. Methods Ten pediatric CJST patients underwent focal debridement and cord decompression through combined anterior and posterior approaches. Then an appropriate allograft and titanium plate were applied to reconstruct the spine. The patients were asked to wear head-neck-chest braces for six months and received regular anti-tubercular drugs therapy for 12 months. Results The patients were followed-up for an average of 26 months （range, 15-32 months）. There was no recurrent tuberculous infection. The bone grafts incorporated well and the instrumentation was stable. Cervical and thoracic kyphosis was successfully corrected from 40° （range, 30-52°） before the operation to 18° （range, 12-26°） post-operation. Neurological function was improved in all patients. Conclusions Combined anterior and posterior approaches for focal debridement, decompression, bone allografting and anterior instrumentation provided an effective means of treatment in children of CJST with a huge abscess in the posterior part of the vertebral body.

Lower cervical spine injury treated with lateral mass plates and pedicle screws through posterior approach

Objective: To treat injury of the lower cervical spine C6 to C7 with cervical lateral mass plates and T1 pedicle screws through posterior approach. Methods: The data of 8 patients with lower cervical spine C6 or C7 injury （6 patients with fracture and dislocation in C6 and C7 and 2 with fracture in C7） were analyzed retrospectively in this study. For the preoperative American Spinal Injury Association （ASIA） classification, Grade C was found in 3 cases and Grade D in 5 cases. Screws were placed on the lateral masses and the first thoracic pedicle with Margerl technique. Lamina or facet bone allografting was used to achieve a long-term stability. Results: All the 8 patients were followed up for 5-37 months （mean: 15 months）. No operative death occurred. There were no examples of aggravation of spinal cord injury or vertebral artery injury, cerebrospinal fluid leak, nerve roots injury, screw malposition or back-out, loose of alignment or implant failure. Clinical symptoms and ASIA classification were improved in all the patients. Postoperative MRI scanning confirmed the satisfactory screw placement in all the cases. Conclusions: Lateral mass plates and pedicle screws through posterior approach are safe and beneficial for patients with lower cervical spine C6 or C7 injury.

Caudal approach to pure laparoscopic posterior sectionectomy under the laparoscopy-specific view

AIM:To study our novel caudal approach laparoscopic posterior-sectionectomy with parenchymal transection prior to mobilization under laparoscopy-specific view.METHODS:Points of the procedure are:(1) Patients are put in left lateral position and posterior sector is not mobilized;(2) Glissonian pedicle of the sector is encircled and clamped extra-hepatically and divided afterward during the transection;(3) Dissection of inferior vena cava(IVC) anterior wall behind the liver is started from caudal.Simultaneously,liver transection is performed to search right hepatic vein(RHV) from caudal;(4) Liver transection proceeds to the bifurcation of the vessels from caudal to cranial,exposing the surfaces of IVC and RHV.Since the remnant liver sinks down,the cutting surface is well-opend;and(5) After the completion of transection,dissection of the resected liver from retroperitoneum is easily performed using the gravity.This approach was performed for a 63 years old woman with liver metastasis close to RHV.RESULTS:RHV exposure is required for R0 resection of the lesion.Although the cutting plane is horizontal in supine position and the gravity obstructs the exposure in the small subphrenic space,the use of specific characteristics of laparoscopic hepatectomy,such as the good vision for the dorsal part of the liver and IVC and facilitated dissection using the gravity with the patient positioning,made the complete RHV exposure during the liver transection easy to perform.The operation time was 341 min and operative blood loss was 1356 mL.Her postoperative hospital stay was uneventfull and she is well without any signs of recurrences 14 mo after surgery.CONCLUSION:The new procedure is feasible and useful for the patients with tumors close to RHV and the need of the exposure of RHV.

Treatment of Posterior Malleolus Fracture through Posterolateral Approach

Posterior malleolus fractures are quite common and usually result from rotational ankle injuries. For the management of posterior malleolus fractures, more studies are still required, though it is already well-recognized for medial and lateral structure. Therefore, fracture of posterior malleolus is striking subject of study among orthopedic surgeons. Most orthopedic surgeons recommend fixing the posterior malleolus fracture if it is larger than 25% to 33% of the distal articular surface. Further attention is required for the reduction and fixation of fractures involving posterior malleolus. Several approaches and methods for fixation of posterior malleolus have been defined in the literature. Previously, the most common method of fixation of the posterior malleolus is by indirect reduction and antero-posterior screws, it is minimally invasive, the anterior incision does not allow satisfactory visualization of the fragment, so good anatomical reduction is difficult to achieve thorough this approach. Operative management goals to reach a stable ankle with maximal function, decrease the risk of post-traumatic degenerative changes, and diminish the risk of complication. Nowadays, posterolateral approach is gaining the popularity due to adequate visualization and accurate anatomic reduction.

Posterior articular process approach for the treatment of upper lumbar disc herniation

Objective To investigate the feasibility and surgical effects of posterior articular process approach for the treatment of L1-L3 lumbar disc herniation.Methods A retrospective study,of17patients with upper lumbar intervertebml disc

Surgical treatment of the thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniations through the posterior far lateral approach

Objective To evaluate the feasibility,safety and efficacy of surgical treatment of the thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniations through the posterior far lateral approach.Methods From April 2005 to June 2010,24 consecutive patients

国产精锋机器人辅助腹腔镜优化后入路根治性前列腺切除术4例报道

本文报道了我院2023年2月至9月行国产精锋机器人辅助腹腔镜优化后入路根治性前列腺切除术4例患者,手术均顺利完成,平均手术总时间134(100~156)min,机械臂腔内平均操作时间为103(70~120)min,分离前列腺及精囊时间为64(50~80)min,缝合时间为39(20~60)min,术中出血量为98(60~200)ml。术后2周拔除尿管,其中2例实现即刻尿控。均无术后并发症发生。术后随访一个月时,4例患者的PSA分别为0.05μg/L,0.03μg/L,0.001μg/L,0.84μg/L。证明了国产精锋机器人行优化后入路机器人辅助腹腔镜下根治性前列腺切除术可行和安全,术后短期随访满意,但需要更多数据的验证。

经后路显微手术切除胸椎神经根束膜囊肿1例

神经根束膜囊肿发病率不高,多数学者认为其形成原因与先天发育异常、创伤等因素有关,其形成机制以“球阀机制”学说较为合理。多数神经根束膜囊肿无临床症状,无需特殊处理;少数伴有临床症状者,建议手术治疗,但手术方式仍存在争议。本文报道1例59岁女性,因检查发现胸腰椎多发囊肿2年、左侧卧位时右侧腹部疼痛不适1年余入院,视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分4分,胸腰椎增强MRI检查示胸10/11双侧、胸12/腰1右侧椎间孔区多发无确切强化囊性病灶。病人存在大小不等、位置不同的4个囊肿,仅右侧胸10/11椎间孔区处的较大囊肿在左侧卧位时才出现神经根压迫症状,其余三个囊肿均未引起临床症状。完善术前准备后,在全麻下行右侧胸10/11囊肿囊壁部分切除+神经根袖套成形+自体脂肪-肌肉-蛋白胶囊肿填塞术治疗,术后6 h右侧腹部疼痛消失,术后3个月电话随访,无右侧腹痛,未再行影像学复查。这提示对于有症状的胸腰椎神经根束膜囊肿,行神经根束膜囊壁部分切除+自体脂肪-肌肉-纤维蛋白胶囊肿填塞术治疗可取得满意效果。

前外联合后内侧入路手术治疗伴冠状面半脱位的Wahlquist C型内侧胫骨平台骨折的效果分析

目的探究前外联合后内侧入路手术方案治疗伴冠状面半脱位的Wahlquist C型内侧胫骨平台骨折(mTPF)患者的疗效。方法前瞻性选取2020年8月至2022年8月江阴市人民医院收治的69例伴冠状面半脱位的Wahlquist C型mTPF患者,按照信封法将其分为对照组(n=34)和研究组(n=35)。对照组接受单一后侧倒“L”形入路手术方案,研究组接受前外联合后内侧入路手术方案。随访12个月,比较组间临床指标(手术时间、切口长度、术中失血量、术后引流量及住院时间);术前、术后1、3、6、12个月的疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]情况;术前及术后1、3、6、12个月的膝关节功能[美国特种外科医院(HSS)评分];术后即刻、术后12个月的影像学资料(内翻角、后倾角、活动度);术后12个月的生活质量情况[世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分],并于末次随访时评估疗效,记录并发症情况。结果两组间手术时间、切口长度、术中失血量、术后引流量、住院时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组术后1、3、6个月的VAS评分分别为(3.45±0.56)、(3.01±0.34)、(2.56±0.38)分,均低于对照组[(3.88±0.61)、(3.37±0.33)、(2.98±0.42)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术前及术后12个月,组间VAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术前及术后1、3、6、12个月,两组间HSS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后12个月,研究组内翻角、后倾角分别为(85.11±4.32)°、(5.03±0.35)°,均低于对照组[(88.98±3.16)°、(6.11±0.36)°],活动度为(113.26±13.66)°,高于对照组[(106.56±12.06)°],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后12个月,两组间WHOQOL-BREF评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗优良率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论采用前外联合后内侧入路手术方案治疗伴有冠状面半脱位的Wahlquist C型mTPF患者的疗效和安全性与单一后侧倒“L”形入路手术方案相当,但在术后影像学指标、疼痛程度方面有一定优势,临床应根据实际情况灵活选择。

关节镜双后内入路手术结合早期运动康复与物理治疗对后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折膝关节功能的影响

目的探究关节镜双后内入路手术结合早期运动康复与物理治疗对后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折膝关节功能的影响。方法前瞻性选取2020年4月至2022年4月在秦皇岛市第一医院接受关节镜双后内入路手术的后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折患者90例,按照信封法将其分为研究组与对照组,每组各45例。在常规治疗的基础上,对照组接受物理治疗,研究组接受早期运动康复治疗。随访6个月,对两组患者术后疗效、下肢功能恢复情况(下床行走时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、术后下肢负重时间)、膝关节活动范围[屈曲角度、伸直受限角度及关节活动范围]、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分(HSS)量表(疼痛、功能、活动度、肌力、屈曲畸形及稳定性HSS)、患者满意度进行记录,并分析组间差异。结果研究组患者的治疗有效率为91.11%,高于对照组(75.56%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者下床行走时间、住院时间、骨折愈合时间、术后下肢负重时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后6个月,两组患者的屈曲角度、关节活动范围均较治疗前增大,伸直受限角度均较治疗前减小,研究组屈曲角度、关节活动范围分别为(112.55±5.16)°、(108.66±11.02)°,均大于对照组[(97.89±4.51)°、(95.16±12.04)°],研究组伸直受限角度为(3.35±1.08)°,小于对照组[(4.89±1.62)°],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后6个月,两组患者在疼痛、功能、活动度、肌力、屈曲畸形及稳定性等方面的评分均较治疗前升高,且研究组在各方面的评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组患者的满意率为95.56%,高于对照组(80.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论关节镜双后内入路手术结合早期运动康复对后交叉韧带胫骨止点撕脱骨折的治疗效果较好,可以明显改善患者的症状、促进愈合、提高膝关节功能,同时提高患者的满意度。

左侧后入路和右侧前入路腹腔镜胃癌根治术的临床疗效比较

目的:比较右侧前入路和左侧后入路腹腔镜胃癌根治术的临床疗效。方法:选择2022年1月—2024年1月在福建中医药大学附属第二人民医院进行手术治疗的80例胃癌患者作为研究对象,按手术方式不同分为试验组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。所有患者均实施腹腔镜胃癌根治术,试验组采用右侧前入路,对照组采用左侧后入路。比较两组手术和康复指标(手术用时、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数量、住院总时长和术后排气时间)、胃肠功能评分、血清炎症因子[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]与癌胚抗原(CEA)水平及术后3个月内并发症(切口感染、肺部感染、肠梗阻和术后胃瘫)发生情况。结果:试验组手术用时、术中出血量、住院总时长和术后排气时间优于对照组,淋巴结清扫数量多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前,两组胃肠功能评分及血清炎症因子、CEA水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后7 d,两组胃肠功能评分较术前下降,且试验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3 d,两组hs-CRP、IL-6水平较治疗前升高,但试验组低于对照组,两组CEA水平较术前降低,且试验组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组术后3个月内并发症发生率低于对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:相较于左侧后入路腹腔镜胃癌根治术,右侧前入路腹腔镜胃癌根治术具有许多方面的优势,包括手术视野开阔、淋巴结清扫彻底、炎症因子水平更低、术中损伤更少、术后恢复速度更快,可以提高整体治疗效果和促进患者更快康复。

不同入路人工全髋关节置换后步态及髋关节活动能力的比较

背景:在微创全髋关节置换手术入路的选择上,有关直接前入路与后侧入路在术后步态、肢体平衡及髋部运动能力方面是否存在差异还有很大争议,因此,有必要进行进一步的研究。目的:采用前瞻性随机对照研究的方法评估直接前入路与后侧入路人工全髋关节置换后早期患者的步态及髋关节活动能力恢复情况。方法:纳入2019年1月至2020年6月青岛市市立医院收治的单侧股骨头坏死患者61例,其中男40例,女21例,平均年龄(64.83±5.52)岁,采用随机数字表法分为直接前入路组(n=28)与后侧入路组(n=33),分别经直接前入路、后侧入路进行初次人工全髋关节置换手术。术前及术后1,3,6个月对患者进行步态分析(步长、步频、单足支撑时间、足底压力差等步态时间-空间参数)及髋关节活动能力(站立-行走计时测试与2 min步行测试)测评。结果与结论:①随着术后时间的延长,两组患者的步态时间-空间参数逐步改善,直接前入路组患者术后1个月的步长、步频、单足支撑时间、足底压力差测试结果均显著优于后侧入路组(P<0.01),术后3个月的步频、单足支撑时间、足底压力差测试结果显著优于后侧入路组(P<0.05),术后6个月的足底压力差测试结果优于后侧入路组(P<0.01);②随着术后时间延长,两组患者的站立-行走计时测试及2 min步行测试结果逐步改善,直接前入路组患者术后1,3个月的站立-行走计时测试及2 min步行测试结果优于后侧入路组(P<0.05);③结果显示,两组患者术后步态和髋关节活动能力恢复情况不一致,直接前入路组患者术后早期步态和髋关节活动能力优于后侧入路组。