Postoperative bile leakage managed successfully by intrahepatic biliary ablation with ethanol

We report a case of postoperative refractory bile leakage managed successfully by intrahepatic biliary ablation with ethanol. A 75-year-old man diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent extended posterior segmentectomy including the caudate lobe and a part of the anterior segment. The hepatic tumor attached to the anterior branch of the bile duct was detached carefully and resected. Fluid drained from the liver surface postoperatively contained high concentrations of total bilirubin, at a constant volume of 150 mL per day. On d 32 after surgery, a fistulogram of the drainage tube demonstrated an enhancement of the anterior bile duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography demonstrated complete obstruction of the proximal anterior bile duct and no enhancement of the peripheral anterior bile duct. On d 46 after surgery, a retrograde transhepatic biliary drainage （RTBD） tube was inserted into the anterior bile duct under open surgery. However, a contrast study of RTBD taken 7 mo post-surgery revealed that the fistula remained patent despite prolonged conservative man- agement, so we decided to perform ethanol ablation of the isolated bile duct. Four mL pure ethanol was injected into the isolated anterior bile duct for ten minutes, the procedure being repeated five times a week. Following 23 attempts, the volume of bile juice reached less than 10 mL per day. The RTBD was clamped and removed two days later. After RTBD removal, the patient had no complaints or symptoms. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated atrophy of the ethanol-injected anterior segment without liver abscess formation.

Resective surgery for liver tumor: a multivariate analysis of causes and risk factors linked to postoperative complications

BACKGROUND: In spite of accurate selection of patients eligible for resection, and although advances in surgical techniques and perioperative management have greatly contributed to reducing the rate of perioperative deaths, stress must be placed on reducing the postoperative complication rates reported to be still as high as 50%. This study was designed to analyze the causes and foreseeable risk factors linked to postoperative morbidity on the grounds of data derived from a single-center surgical population. METHODS: From September 1989 to March 2005, 287 consecutive patients, affected either with HCC or liver metastasis, had liver resection at our department. Among the HCC series we recorded 98 patients (73.2%) in Child- Pugh class A, 32 (23.8%) in class B and 4 in class C (3%). In 104 colorectal metastases, 71% were due to colon cancer, 25% rectal, 3% sigmoid, and 1% anorectal. In 49 non-colorectal metastases, 22.4% were derived from breast cancer, 63.2% gastrointestinal tumors (excluding colon) and 14.4% other cancers. We performed 80 wedge resections, 77 bisegmentectomies and/or left lobectomies, 74 segmentectomies, 22 major hepatectomies, 20 left hepatectomies, and 14 trisegmentectomies. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality rate in this series was 4.5%, and the morbidity rate was 47.7%, because of pleural effusion (30%), hepatic abscess (25%), hepatic insufficiency (19%), ascites (10%), hemoperitoneum (10%), or biliary fistula (6%). The variables associated with the technical aspects of the surgical procedure thatwere responsible for the complications were: a Pringle maneuver length more than 20 minutes (P=0.001); the type of liver resection procedure, including major hepatectomy (P=0.02), left hepatectomy (P=0.04), trisegmentectomy (P=0.04), bisegmentectomy and/or left lobectomy (P=0,04); and a blood transfusion of more than 600 ml (P=0.04). CONCLUSION: The evaluation of causes and foreseeable risk factors linked to postoperative morbidity during the planning of surgical treatment should play the same role as other factors weighed in the selection of patients eligible for liver resection.

Bile leakage test in liver resection:A systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM:To assess systematically the safety and efficacy of bile leakage test in liver resection.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials and controlled clinical trials involving the bile leakage test were included in a systematic literature search.Two authors independently assessed the studies for inclusion and extracted the data.A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate postoperative bile leakage,intraoperative positive bile leakage,and complications.We used either the fixed-effects or random-effects model.RESULTS:Eight studies involving a total of 1253 patients were included and they all involved the bile leakage test in liver resection.The bile leakage test group was associated with a significant reduction in bile leakage compared with the non-bile leakage test group(RR=0.39,95%CI:0.23-0.67;I2=3%).The white test had superiority for detection of intraoperative bile leakage compared with the saline solution test(RR=2.38,95%CI:1.24-4.56,P=0.009).No significant intergroup differences were observed in total number of complications,ileus,liver failure,intraperitoneal hemorrhage,pulmonary disorder,abdominal infection,and wound infection.CONCLUSION:The bile leakage test reduced postoperative bile leakage and did not increase incidence of complications.Fat emulsion is the best choice of solution for the test.

经外周静脉和胆囊注射吲哚菁绿在腹腔镜困难胆囊切除术中应用效果对比

目的比较经外周静脉和胆囊注射吲哚菁绿(ICG)在腹腔镜困难胆囊切除术(LC)中的应用效果。方法将安徽理工大学第一附属医院肝胆外科2023年5~10月间由同一手术团队行LC的困难胆囊患者按随机数字表分为3组,A组术前经外周静脉静推ICG,B组术中经胆囊注射ICG,C组为对照组。比较3组患者手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、住院费用和术后并发症间的差异,以及A组和B组荧光模式肝外胆管显影效果。正态分布的计量资料组间比较采用单因素方差分析,用LSD-t检验进行两两比较;计数资料数据比较用χ2检验,用Boferroni法检验进行两两比较。结果三组住院时间、住院费用和术后并发症间相比差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);A组和B组的手术时间和术中出血量低于C组(均P<0.05),而A组和B组间相比差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。A组游离胆囊三角前(早期)三管总显像率为41.67%,低于B组的63.89%(P<0.05)。结论ICG有利于困难胆囊LC术中识别肝外胆管结构,而经胆囊注射ICG对早期识别肝外胆管有帮助。

SpyGlass DS系统联合激光碎石法与常规分次治疗胆总管大结石的效果和安全性的对比分析

目的比较SpyGlass DS系统激光碎石治疗术与内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)下常规分次治疗胆总管大结石的安全性和有效性。方法选取2021年11月-2023年10月该院行ERCP,术中提示胆总管大结石的患者(>2 cm)38例,分为实验组(n=18)和对照组(n=20),实验组使用SpyGlass DS系统联合激光碎石治疗,对照组使用分次治疗(第1次放入胆管支架,3个月后再次行常规ERCP下胆总管结石取出术)。比较两组患者术后结石清除成功率和ERCP术后并发症发生率;手术3个月后随访,并复查磁共振胆胰管成像(MRCP),以明确是否有胆总管残余结石。结果实验组手术时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者取石成功率和近期并发症发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),实验组远期并发症发生率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.090)。结论由SpyGlass DS引导的激光碎石术治疗胆总管大结石的疗效确切,安全性高,术后结石复发率低。

老年胆管结石患者术后肺部并发症影响因素及围术期肺康复训练效果研究

目的分析老年胆管结石患者术后肺部并发症(PPCs)的影响因素,探讨围术期肺康复训练的效果。方法选择老年胆管结石患者120例,随机数表法分为对照组与研究组,各60例。对照组予常规康复训练,研究组予围术期肺康复训练。比较2组术后肺部并发症发生情况、术后康复效果,分析老年胆管结石患者术后肺部并发症的影响因素。结果研究组术后肺部并发症发生率(15.00%,9/60)低于对照组(36.67%,22/60)(P<0.05)。研究组下床活动、肛门排气、住院时间短于照组(P<0.05),研究组、对照组术后30 d再次入院率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。将31例术后肺部并发症患者纳入PPCs组,89例患者纳入非PPCs组。PPCs组既往胆道手术史率、术前白蛋白(ALB)高于非PPCs组(P<0.05),PPCs组手术时间长于非PPCs组(P<0.05),PPCs组、非PPCs组年龄、性别、结石大小、结石类型、结石部位、术中使用胆镜率、合并胆肠吻合率、术中输血率、术中出血量、术前总胆红素(TBIL)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以组别为因变量,以单因素分析中差异有统计学意义的因素为自变量,经二元Logistic回归分析,既往胆道手术史、手术时间长是老年胆管结石患者术后肺部并发症的危险因素(P<0.05),术前ALB水平高是老年胆管结石患者术后肺部并发症的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论老年胆管结石患者术后肺部并发症的发生和既往胆道手术史、手术时间、术前ALB有关,围术期肺康复训练可降低老年胆管结石患者术后肺部并发症的发生率,促进患者康复。

Low ligation has a lower anastomotic leakage rate after rectal cancer surgery

BACKGROUND For laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery,the inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)can be ligated at its origin from the aorta[high ligation(HL)]or distally to the origin of the left colic artery[low ligation(LL)].Whether different ligation levels are related to different postoperative complications,operation time,and lymph node yield remains controversial.Therefore,we designed this study to determine the effects of different ligation levels in rectal cancer surgery.AIM To investigate the operative results following HL and LL of the IMA in rectal cancer patients.METHODS From January 2017 to July 2019,this retrospective cohort study collected information from 462 consecutive rectal cancer patients.According to the ligation level,235 patients were assigned to the HL group while 227 patients were assigned to the LL group.Data regarding the clinical characteristics,surgical characteristics and complications,pathological outcomes and postoperative recovery were obtained and compared between the two groups.A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the possible risk factors for anastomotic leakage(AL).RESULTS Compared to the HL group,the LL group had a significantly lower AL rate,with 6(2.8%)cases in the LL group and 24(11.0%)cases in the HL group(P=0.001).The HL group also had a higher diverting stoma rate(16.5%vs 7.5%,P=0.003).A multivariate logistic regression analysis was subsequently performed to adjust for the confounding factors and confirmed that HL(OR=3.599;95%CI:1.374-9.425;P=0.009),tumor located below the peritoneal reflection(OR=2.751;95%CI:0.772-3.985;P=0.031)and age(≥65 years)(OR=2.494;95%CI:1.080-5.760;P=0.032)were risk factors for AL.There were no differences in terms of patient demographics,pathological outcomes,lymph nodes harvested,blood loss,hospital stay and urinary function(P>0.05).CONCLUSION In rectal cancer surgery,LL should be the preferred method,as it has a lower AL and diverting stoma rate.

肥胖与前庭神经鞘瘤患者术后并发症及二次手术的关联性研究

目的探讨肥胖与前庭神经鞘瘤(VS)患者术后并发症及二次手术的关联性。方法回顾性分析2013年6月至2023年6月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院接受乙状窦后入路手术治疗的377例VS患者的临床及影像学资料。根据体质量指数(BMI)将患者分为肥胖组(BMI≥28 kg/m^(2),91例)和非肥胖组(BMI<28 kg/m^(2),286例)。比较两组临床资料及术后并发症发生率和二次手术率,采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨BMI对术后脑脊液漏及二次手术的影响。结果与非肥胖组相比,肥胖组性别为男性,以及合并糖尿病、高血压的人数比例更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组年龄、住院时间、手术侧别、肿瘤性质、肿瘤体积分级、手术时间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。肥胖组术后脑脊液漏发生率及二次手术率高于非肥胖组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组颅内出血、切口感染、颅内感染、深静脉血栓及其他术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经调整年龄、性别、肿瘤体积分级、肿瘤性质后,多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,较高的BMI水平是患者发生术后脑脊液漏[OR(95%CI)=1.168(1.051~1.299),P=0.004]及二次手术[OR(95%CI)=1.160(1.053~1.277),P=0.003]的危险因素。结论肥胖与VS患者术后脑脊液漏和二次手术密切相关,且BMI增高是VS患者术后脑脊液漏和二次手术的危险因素。

肝移植术后胆道吻合口狭窄的诊疗进展

近年来,随着器官保存、手术技术、围手术期管理及免疫抑制方案的发展,肝移植手术成功率和受者生存率明显提高,已成为终末期肝病患者的最佳治疗方案。但胆道并发症依然是肝移植术后常见的并发症,尤其是胆道吻合口狭窄,严重的胆道吻合口狭窄不仅会增加治疗成本,还会导致移植物丢失,甚至影响受者生存率。因此,胆道吻合口狭窄的及时诊断和治疗对于提高肝移植术后受者生存率至关重要。本文就肝移植术后胆道吻合口狭窄的危险因素、临床症状、诊断及治疗进行综述,以期为肝移植术后胆道吻合口狭窄的研究和诊疗提供新的思路,进一步提高肝移植手术效果和受者生存质量。

Postoperative mortality and morbidity after D2 lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer:A retrospective cohort study

BACKGROUND Surgery for gastric cancer is a complex procedure and lymphadenectomy is often mandatory.Postoperative mortality and morbidity after curative gastric cancer surgery is not insignificant.AIM To evaluate the factors determining mortality and morbidity in a population of patients undergoing R0 resection and D2 lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer.METHODS A retrospective analysis of clinical data and pathological characteristics(age,sex,primary site of the tumor,Lauren histotype,number of positive lymph nodes resected,number of negative lymph nodes resected,and depth of invasion as defined by the standard nomenclature)was conducted in patients with gastric cancer.For each patient we calculated the Kattan’s score.We arbitrarily divided the study population of patients into two groups based on the nomogram score(<100 points or≥100 points).Prespecified subgroups in these analyses were defined according to age(≤65 years or>65 years),and number of lymph nodes retrieved(≤35 lymph nodes or>35 lymph nodes).Uni-and multivariate analysis of clinical and pathological findings were performed to identify the factors affecting postoperative mortality and morbidity.RESULTS One-hundred and eighty-six patients underwent a curative R0 resection with D2 lymphadenectomy.Perioperative mortality rate was 3.8%(7 patients);a higher mortality rate was observed in patients aged>65 years(P=0.002)and in N+patients(P=0.04).Following univariate analysis,mortality was related to a Kattan’s score≥100 points(P=0.04)and the presence of advanced gastric cancer(P=0.03).Morbidity rate was 21.0%(40 patients).Surgical complications were observed in 17 patients(9.1%).A higher incidence of morbidity was observed in patients where more than 35 lymph nodes were harvested(P=0.0005).CONCLUSION Mortality and morbidity rate are higher in N+and advanced gastric cancer patients.The removal of more than 35 lymph nodes does not lead to an increase in mortality.

腹腔镜联合胆道镜手术治疗对胆总管结石患者结石清除效果及应激反应的影响研究

目的 分析腹腔镜联合胆道镜手术治疗对胆总管结石患者结石清除效果及应激反应的影响。方法 将长葛市人民医院2021年2月至2022年12月析胆总管结石患者(82例)作为研究对象,依据区间随机法将其分为对照组、研究组,各41例,对照组治疗术式为传统开腹手术,研究组行腔镜联合胆道镜手术治疗。比较两组手术相关指标、术后结石复发率、围术期身体应激反应指标变化情况、术后疼痛评分及术后并发症发生情况。结果 实验组手术时间、住院时间、术后首次下床活动时间均短于对照组,术中出血量低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);实验组术后结石复发率(2.44%)与对照组(14.63%)相比较低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);术前组间身体应激反应指标对比差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05),术后72 h两组肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、皮质醇水平均明显升高,实验组升高幅度与对照组相比更低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);术后1 d、2 d、3 d实验组疼痛评分与对照组相比更低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);实验组术后并发症发生率(4.88%)与对照组(19.51%)相比较低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 胆总管结石行腹腔镜联合胆道镜手术可取得较理想的结石清除效果,且术后应激反应相对安全,值得应用。

Colorectal anastomotic leakage: Aspects of prevention, detection and treatment

All colorectal surgeons are faced from time to time with anastomotic leakage after colorectal surgery. This complication has been studied extensively without a significant reduction of incidence over the last 30 years. New techniques of prevention, by innovative anastomotic techniques should improve results in the future, but standardization and "teachability" should be guaranteed. Risk scoring enables intra-operative decision-making whether to restore continuity or deviate. Early detection can lead to reduction in delay of diagnosis as long as a standard system is used. For treatment options, no firm evidence is available, but future studies could focus on repair and saving of the anastomosis on the one hand or anastomotical breakdown and definitive colostomy on the other hand.

Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy increases the incidence of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection of rectal tumors

BACKGROUND Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy is an emerging treatment modality for locally advanced rectal neoplasms. However, its impacts on postoperative complications remain unknown. Anastomotic leakage (AL) is one of the most common and serious complications associated with the anterior resection of rectal tumors. Therefore, we designed this study to determine the effects of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy on AL. AIM To investigate whether intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy increases the incidence of AL after the anterior resection of rectal neoplasms. METHODS This retrospective cohort study collected information from 477 consecutive patients who underwent an anterior resection of rectal carcinoma using the double stapling technique at our institution from September 2016 to September 2017. Based on the administration of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy or not, the patients were divided into a chemotherapy group (171 cases with intraperitoneal implantation of chemotherapy agents during the operation) or a control group (306 cases without intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy). Clinicopathologic features, intraoperative treatment, and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed to determine the effects of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the incidence of AL. The clinical outcomes of the two groups were also compared through survival analysis. RESULTS The univariate analysis showed a significantly higher incidence of AL in the patients who received intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy, with 13 (7.6%) cases in the chemotherapy group and 5 (1.6%) cases in the control group (P = 0.001). As for the severity of AL, the AL patients who underwent intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy tended to be more severe cases, and 12 (92.3%) out of 13 AL patients in the chemotherapy group and 2 (40.0%) out of 5 AL patients in the control group required a secondary operation (P = 0.044). A multivariate analysis was subsequently performed to adjust for the confounding factors and also showed that intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy increased the incidence of AL (odds ratio = 5.386;95%CI: 1.808-16.042;P = 0.002). However, the survival analysis demonstrated that intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy could also improve the disease-free survival rates for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. CONCLUSION Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma, but it also increases the risk of AL following the anterior resection of rectal neoplasms.

Comprehensive review of post-liver resection surgical complications and a new universal classification and grading system

Liver resection is the gold standard treatment for certain liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver tumors. Some patients with such tumors already have reduced liver function due to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, or chemotherapy-associated steatohepatitis before surgery. Therefore, complications due to poor liver function are inevitable after liver resection. Although the mortality rate of liver resection has been reduced to a few percent in recent case series, its overall morbidity rate is reported to range from 4.1% to 47.7%. The large degree of variation in the post-liver resection morbidity rates reported in previous studies might be due to the lack of consen-sus regarding the definitions and classification of postliver resection complications. The Clavien-Dindo(CD) classification of post-operative complications is widely accepted internationally. However, it is hard to apply to some major post-liver resection complications because the consensus definitions and grading systems for posthepatectomy liver failure and bile leakage established by the International Study Group of Liver Surgery are incompatible with the CD classification. Therefore, a unified classification of post-liver resection complications has to be established to allow comparisons between academic reports.

Influence of bile contamination for patients who undergo pancreaticoduodenectomy after biliary drainage

BACKGROUND The influence of bile contamination on the infectious complications of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD)has not been thoroughly evaluated.AIM To evaluate the effect of preoperative biliary drainage and bile contamination on the outcomes of patients who undergo PD.METHODS The database of 4101 patients who underwent PD was reviewed.Preoperative biliary drainage was performed in 1964 patients(47.9%),and bile contamination was confirmed in 606 patients(14.8%).RESULTS The incidence of postoperative infectious complications was 37.9%in patients with preoperative biliary drainage and 42.4%in patients with biliary contamination,respectively.Patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma,ampulla of Vater carcinoma,and pancreatic carcinoma had a high frequency of preoperative biliary drainage(82.9%,54.6%,and 50.8%)and bile contamination(34.3%,26.2%,and 20.2%).Bile contamination was associated with postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF)Grade B/C,wound infection,and catheter infection.A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that biliary contamination(odds ratio 1.33,P=0.027)was the independent risk factor for POPF Grade B/C.The three most commonly cultured microorganisms from bile(Enterococcus,Klebsiella,and Enterobacter)were identical to those isolated from organ spaces.CONCLUSION In patients undergoing PD,bile contamination is related to postoperative infectious complication including POPF Grade B/C.The management of biliary contamination should be standardised for patients who require preoperative biliary drainage for PD,as the main microorganisms are identical in both organ spaces and bile.

Role of interventional therapy in hepatic artery stenosis and non-anastomosis bile duct stricture after orthotopic liver transplantation

AIM： To analyze the clinical manifestations and the effectiveness of therapy in patients with orthotopic liver bansplantation （OLT）-associated hepatic artery stenosis （HAS） and non-anastomosis bile duct stricture.METHODS： Nine cases were diagnosed as HAS and non-anastomosis bile duct stricture. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty （PTA） was performed in four HAS cases, and expectant treatment in other five HAS cases, percutaneous transhepatic bile drainage, balloon dilation, stent placement were performed in all nine cases.RESULTS： Diffuse intra- and extra-bile duct stricture was observed in nine cases, which was associated with bile mud siltation and biliary infection. Obstruction of the bile duct was improved obviously or removed. Life span/ follow-up period was 13-30 mo after PTA of four HAS cases, 6-23 mo without PTA of other five cases.CONCLUSION： Progressive, non-anastomosis, and diffuse bile duct stricture are the characteristic manifestations of HAS and non-anastomosis bile duct stricture after OLT. These are often associated with bile mud siltation, biliary infection, and ultimate liver failure. Interventional therapy is significantly beneficial.

EST与LCBDE在肝外胆管结石患者中的效果分析

目的比较内镜下括约肌切开取石术(endoscopic sphincterotomy,EST)和腹腔镜胆总管探查取石术(laparscop-ic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE)在治疗肝外胆管结石中的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析合肥市第二人民医院2018至2022年间176例肝外胆管结石患者的临床资料,根据患者采取的治疗方式,将患者分为EST组和LCBDE组。比较两组患者基线资料及手术时间、术中出血量、住院费用和术后并发症发生率的差异。结果两组患者在年龄、性别、体重指数、ASA分级及人院主诉方面无明显差异,采用EST治疗的患者术前行MRCP进行确诊的占比例更高(69.3%对53.45%,P=0.03)。EST组患者在手术时间、术中出血量.住院天数及住院费用分别为(77.81±15.02)min.(24.95±5.64)ml.(5.32±2.29)天.(2.92±0.65)万元,LCBDE组相应为(111.17±14.40)min.(30.75±6.83)ml.(8.66±2.13)天.(3.69±1.23)万元,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。EST组术后发生出血患者4例,延迟性穿孔1例,胰腺炎6例,胆管炎4例;LCBDE组患者术后发生出血2例,胰腺炎4例,胆管炎3例,胆漏3例,伤口感染3例,肺炎3例,两组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组残余结石率分别为2.3%和10.2%(P=0.029),两组患者均未发生围手术期死亡。结论EST与LCBDE在治疗肝外胆管结石中均安全有效,并发症发生情况相当,但是EST作为更微创的手术方式,不需要全身麻醉,手术时间更短,术中出血量低,患者住院时间更短,费用也更低。

同期三镜联合偏弯双头尾翼胆道支架预防胆总管探查一期缝合术后并发症的临床应用

目的探究同期三镜联合偏弯双头尾翼胆道支架预防胆总管探查一期缝合术后并发症中的应用价值。方法选择2018年1月—2021年1月于本院诊断为胆总管结石并实施手术治疗的86例患者作为研究对象,将其按照选择手术方式的不同分为观察组和对照组两组,每组各43例。对照组患者实施腹腔镜下胆总管取石一期缝合或留置T管引出腹腔外手术,观察组实施腹腔镜下胆总管取石一期缝合,术中留置胆道支架,对比两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后胃肠功能恢复时间、术后住院时间、住院费用差异,比较两组患者治疗疗效以及肝功变化。结果观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量及术后胃肠功能恢复时间低于对照组相应指标,但组间相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者术后住院时间短于对照组,住院费用少于对照组相应指标,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组主要并发症为胆瘘、结石复发、狭窄、出血,其中观察组胆瘘、结石复发、狭窄、出血分别为2.33%、0.00%、0.00%、0.00%,均分别低于对照组的4.65%、2.33%、2.33%、4.65%、其中观察组术后各类并发症总发生率为2.33%,低于对照组的13.95%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前两组TBIL、ALT、ALP对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后48 h观察组患者TBIL、ALT、ALP分别为(51.76±9.87)μmol/L、(36.87±4.32)U/L、(130.12±34.28)U/L,对照组为(51.85±10.21)μmol/L、(36.12±3.29)U/L、(131.72±30.53)U/L,均较治疗前出现明显的下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后48 h两组患者TBIL、ALT、ALP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论胆总管探查一期缝合术后采用术后留置偏弯双头尾翼胆道支架可以显著加快患者围术期康复进程,有助于降低术后各类并发症的发生率,还可以降低患者医疗费用,值得临床推广应用。

胆囊结石合并胆总管结石行腹腔镜胆总管探查一期缝合术后发生胆道并发症的影响因素

目的:分析胆囊结石合并胆总管结石(CLL)患者行腹腔镜胆总管探查(LCBDE)一期缝合术后发生胆道并发症的影响因素。方法:前瞻性纳入2020年1月至2022年1月接受手术治疗的80例CLL患者作为研究对象,根据术后胆道并发症情况进行分组,分为发生组与未发生组。统计患者一般临床资料及检查结果,分析CLL患者LCBDE一期缝合术后并发症发生的影响因素。结果:80例患者中,术后发生胆漏9例、胆管狭窄2例,并发症发生率为13.75%;两组合并糖尿病情况、胆总管直径、Calot三角粘连情况、手术时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);发生组血清白蛋白低于未发生组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,合并糖尿病、胆总管直径<1 cm、Calot三角粘连、手术时间长、血清白蛋白低表达是增加CLL患者LCBDE一期缝合术后并发症发生风险的影响因素。结论:糖尿病、胆总管直径<1 cm、Calot三角粘连、手术时间长、血清白蛋白低表达等因素可增加CLL患者LCBDE一期缝合术后并发症的发生风险。

经盲肠末端回肠插管造口术在保护高危直肠吻合口中的应用

目的探讨改良的新式气囊导管应用于经盲肠末端回肠插管造口术(transcecum tube ileostomy,TTI)时,对保护具有高危因素直肠吻合口使用效果。方法2019年12月~2021年12月在我院完成结直肠恶性肿瘤手术切除后,因吻合口具有高危因素而行预防性造口的病人61例,根据造口方式的不同分为经盲肠末端回肠插管造口组(TTI组,29例)和传统末端回肠造口术组(loop ileostomy,LI组32例),比较两组病人性别、年龄、术前合并症、肿瘤距肛缘距离、手术时间、造口手术时间、术后吻合口相关并发症、术后造口/造口管引流量、造口/造口管相关并发症、住院费用等指标。结果TTI组和LI组造口手术时间分别为(16.31±2.64)分钟、(27.84±4.85)分钟,手术费用分别为(4.84±0.50)万元、(5.85±1.19)万元(LI组包含二次手术费用)、造口/造口管相关并发症分别为34%、6%,两组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TTI组无再手术病例,LI组再手术18例,其中1例为造口重建,其余均为造口还纳术,再手术后并发症发生率为55.56%(10/18),以废用性肠炎最常见,并且出现1例ISREC B级漏,予以禁食水、营养支持等对症处理痊愈,两组再手术率、再手术并发症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组均有2例ISREC A级漏,LI组中有1例吻合口狭窄,持续扩张2周后好转,两组吻合口并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组手术时间、出血量、吻合口距肛缘距离、肿瘤直径、术后住院时间、造口/造口管每日引流量等比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论新式改良气囊导管应用于TTI手术安全可靠,在保护具有高危因素的直肠吻合口方面与传统末端回肠造口有着相似的效果,但并发症更少,手术操作简单。