This paper presents the evaluation of the potential aggregate source for pavement construction in Pakistan. Recently the demand for construction materials has been increased significantly due to the establishment of t...This paper presents the evaluation of the potential aggregate source for pavement construction in Pakistan. Recently the demand for construction materials has been increased significantly due to the establishment of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Projects. Therefore, it is essential to look for new resources of construction materials along with the CPEC routes in consideration of this increasing demand. In this context, a Physical and Mechanical characterization investigation is carried out on the Permian Wargal Limestone from Zaluch Nala, Salt Range to explore their potential to utilize as construction materials. The studied samples have tolerable values for all standard engineering parameters, proposed by various national and international agencies such as AASHTO, ASTM, BS, and NHA. Furthermore, as a performance indicator of aggregate overall quality, the evaluated mechanical qualities were integrated into a single characteristic, Toughness Index (TI). The TI values also suggested that the Permian Wargal limestone aggregates meet international quality standards for pavement construction. On the basis of geotechnical testing and Toughness Index (TI), the late Permian Wargal limestone, Zaluch Nala, Salt Range, is strongly recommended as a potential aggregate resource for mega projects such as the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and other construction projects.展开更多
Petrographic, physical, and mechanical assessment investigation of NikanaiGhar limestone aggregate exposed in the Lower Dir area of Malakand Division, Pakistan, were conducted to evaluate and investigate its potential...Petrographic, physical, and mechanical assessment investigation of NikanaiGhar limestone aggregate exposed in the Lower Dir area of Malakand Division, Pakistan, were conducted to evaluate and investigate its potential for use as a construction material for engineering projects. Different geotechnical tests and petrographic analyses were performed to evaluate its potential for construction purposes. Geotechnical tests include unconfined compressive strength, ultimate tensile strength test, specific gravity, share strength, porosity, and water absorption. The evaluated physical attributes were compared to standard specifications to determine their suitability as a construction material. Petrographic investigation indicates mainly two types of stones. Stylolitic spar stone and Spar stone are metamorphosed equivalent limestones and are not prone to alkali-silica reactivity. Mutual relationships between physical parameters have been described by simple regression analysis. Significant direct correlation of specific gravity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength was noted. However, negative trends of Porosity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength were observed which is in accordance with standard. The analysis revealed that the limestones of NikanaiGhar Formation fall within the standard specification limits and can be used as aggregates for the indigenous construction industry.展开更多
文摘This paper presents the evaluation of the potential aggregate source for pavement construction in Pakistan. Recently the demand for construction materials has been increased significantly due to the establishment of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Projects. Therefore, it is essential to look for new resources of construction materials along with the CPEC routes in consideration of this increasing demand. In this context, a Physical and Mechanical characterization investigation is carried out on the Permian Wargal Limestone from Zaluch Nala, Salt Range to explore their potential to utilize as construction materials. The studied samples have tolerable values for all standard engineering parameters, proposed by various national and international agencies such as AASHTO, ASTM, BS, and NHA. Furthermore, as a performance indicator of aggregate overall quality, the evaluated mechanical qualities were integrated into a single characteristic, Toughness Index (TI). The TI values also suggested that the Permian Wargal limestone aggregates meet international quality standards for pavement construction. On the basis of geotechnical testing and Toughness Index (TI), the late Permian Wargal limestone, Zaluch Nala, Salt Range, is strongly recommended as a potential aggregate resource for mega projects such as the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and other construction projects.
文摘Petrographic, physical, and mechanical assessment investigation of NikanaiGhar limestone aggregate exposed in the Lower Dir area of Malakand Division, Pakistan, were conducted to evaluate and investigate its potential for use as a construction material for engineering projects. Different geotechnical tests and petrographic analyses were performed to evaluate its potential for construction purposes. Geotechnical tests include unconfined compressive strength, ultimate tensile strength test, specific gravity, share strength, porosity, and water absorption. The evaluated physical attributes were compared to standard specifications to determine their suitability as a construction material. Petrographic investigation indicates mainly two types of stones. Stylolitic spar stone and Spar stone are metamorphosed equivalent limestones and are not prone to alkali-silica reactivity. Mutual relationships between physical parameters have been described by simple regression analysis. Significant direct correlation of specific gravity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength was noted. However, negative trends of Porosity with ultimate tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength were observed which is in accordance with standard. The analysis revealed that the limestones of NikanaiGhar Formation fall within the standard specification limits and can be used as aggregates for the indigenous construction industry.
