Potential utility of aldose reductase-deficient Schwann cells IKARS1 for the study of axonal degeneration and regeneration

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN）is one of the most common and intractable complications of diabetes mellitus.Its irritating symptoms,such as paresthesia,hyperalgesia and allodynia,can be causes of insomnia and depression;whereas its progression to more advanced stages can result in serious consequences,such as lower limb amputations and lethal arrhythmias.

Carrying Capacity and Utilization Potential Analysis of Groundwater Resources in Semiarid District in Heilongjiang Province

Irrigation water became the limiting factor to the persistent improvement of grain production. Based on the data from Gannan County, a semiarid area in the west of Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the development and utilization of water resources and the suitable water saving irrigation mode were analyzed by using SPA model, which was significant to the efficient and rational utilization of water resources and the improvement of agriculture productivity. The result showed that the model could be applied well to the assessment of development and utilization of water resources and the multi-project optimal selection. Through calculation, it could be found that the utilization of water resources in Gannan County was still in the primary stage, and the integration technology of the optimized water saving irrigation should be combined to support the sustainable development of agriculture in the semiarid area.

Studies on the Utilization Potentiality of the Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Hybrid in Wheat

A series of comparative studies was carried out on the genetic effects of 25 alien cytoplasms of wheat on the growth potential, heading stage, fertility, resistance against diseases, important agronomic traits and its heterosis of 125 nuclei-cytoplasmic hybrids of wheat. The results indicated that there were clearly effects of alien cytoplasms on some characteristics, but the nucleus still exerted main effect on other characteristics. The effect of interactions between nucleus and cytoplasm was comparative obvious in some combination. Consequently, when we utilize the effects of alien cytoplasms, we should pay full attention to the facts such as the characteristic to be improved, the effects of cytoplasm, nucleus, the nucleus-cytoplasm interactions on that characteristics. From the preliminary studies, we believed that the cytoplasmic types of M0, S1, Sv, D2, D and B, and the nucleo-cytoplasmic hybrids of (Ae. sharonensis)-B174, (Ae. squarrosa)-352-35 (Ae. cylindrica)-352-35, (Ae. cylindria)-E EN-1, (Ae. cylindrica)-NPFP, and (Ae. speltoides)-352-35 would have some utilization potentiality in cultivar improvement.

The Pressure Gradient Elastic Wave： Energy Transfer Process for Compressible Fluids with Pressure Gradient

The temperature separation was discovered inside the short vortex chamber （H/D = 0.18）. Experiments revealed that the highest temperature of the periphery was 465 ℃, and the lowest temperature of the central zone was -45 ℃ （the compressed air was pumped into the chamber at room temperature）. The objective of this paper is to proof that this temperature separation effect cannot be explained by conventional heat transfer processes. To explain this phenomenon, the concept of PGEW （Pressure Gradient Elastic Waves） is proposed. PGEW are kind of elastic waves, which operate in compressible fluids with pressure gradients and density fluctuations. The result of PGEW propagation is a heat transfer from area of low pressure to high pressure zone. The physical model of a gas in a strong field of mass forces is proposed to substantiate the PGEW existence. This physical model is intended for the construction of a theory of PGEW. Understanding the processes associated with the PGEW permits the possibility of creating new devices for energy saving and low potential heat utilization, which have unique properties.

Interactive effects of water and nitrogen addition on soil microbial communities in a semiarid steppe

Aims Better understanding of microbial compositional and physiological acclimation mechanisms is critical for predicting terrestrial ecosystem responses to global change.The aim is to assess variations in soil microbial communities under future scenarios of changing precipitation and N deposition in a semiarid grassland of northern China.Methods In order to explicitly estimate microbial responses,a field experiment with water and N addition was established in April 2005 and continuously conducted for 4 years.Specifically,soil microbial community composition and microbial C utilization potential were determined by phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)and community-level physiological profiles,respectively.Important Findings Water addition had no effects on the PLFA concentrations of grampositive(GP)and negative bacteria(GN),total bacteria and fungi.However,N addition caused significant reductions in the PLFA concentrations of GP,GN,total bacteria and fungi and thus decreased total PLFA of microbial communities.Moreover,there were interactive effects of water and N addition on GN/GPand the ratio of fungal to bacterial PLFA(F/B).In addition,synergistic effects were found between water and nitrogen in affecting microbial C utilization potentials,which implies that microbial C utilization potentials tend to be enhanced when both N and water availability are sufficient.Overall,the microbial responses to water and N addition support our hypothesis that water and N addition may be combined together to affect microbial communities in the semiarid grassland.

Recent progress in Bistatic SAR with illuminators of opportunity

Bistatic SAR（Bi SAR）with illuminators of opportunity is a kind of flexible SAR system that consists of non-cooperative transmitters and a stationary or moving receiver,as Figure 1shows.In recent years,notable efforts have been made to promote the development of this kind of system.Progress regarding Bi SAR with navigation satellites as transmitters before 2015,including the related theory and practice,has been well reviewed by Antoniou et al.and can be referred from[1].This paper reviews some of the progress in 2015and 2016,including novel signal processing approaches,advanced Bi SAR system configurations and potentially