Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital on Needle Stick Injury

Purpose: Needle-stick injury (NSI) is one of the most potential occupational hazards for healthcare workers because of the transmission of blood-borne pathogens. As per recent data, around 30 lakh healthcare workers sustain Needle stick injuries each year. This study was conducted to assess healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitude and practices regarding needle stick injury. Materials & Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Tertiary Care Hospital over the period of 3 months. The study population consisted of Intern Doctors, Post Graduate resident Doctors, Staff Nurses, laboratory technicians of Government Medical College and New Civil Hospital, Surat (n = 300). The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire via the means of Google Forms. Questionnaire was made with prior review literature. The data obtained were entered and analysed in Microsoft Excel. Results: The prevalence of NSI in our study was 46%, with a higher prevalence among the PG residents (72%). Overall scores regarding knowledge and attitude were better in PG residents (knowledge score > 7 in 71% and Attitude Score > 7 in 68% of PG Residents). Even though the PG residents scored highest in the knowledge category, the majority of them suffered needle stick injuries as a result of poor practice scores. Among those who had NSI (n = 139/300), 70% of study participants had superficial injuries, only 9% reported the incident, 18% got medical attention within 2 hours of the incident, and 7% followed up to recheck their viral markers status. Most incidents of NSI were due to hypodermic needles while recapping needles. Conclusion: Exposure to needle stick injuries and their underreporting remains a common problem. It is imperative that healthcare workers receive regular training on the proper handling of sharp objects. We can also draw the conclusion that preventing NSIs requires putting knowledge into practice.

Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids (BBF): Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice among health care workers in general hospitals in Lebanon

Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are employed in traditional health care workplaces face a serious danger that may threaten their life;it is their exposure to blood and body fluids (BBF). In Lebanon, the introduction of a hospital accreditation system has put a particular emphasis on staff safety, and on the evaluation of professional practice (EPP) programs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 277 HCWs working in 4 general hospitals in South Lebanon. Objective: 1) describe the prevalence and the risk factors for occupational exposure to BBF among HCWs;2) evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practices of HCW concerning blood-borne pathogens and adherence to universal safety precautions. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 32.14 years (SD = 10.33), 57.4% were females. 43.3% of HCWs expressed that they use gloves all the time for every activeity of care. 67.1% were aware that needles should not be recapped after use;registered nurses and nursing students were more aware than physicians and nursing assistants (nurse) in this subject. 30% of HCWs declared having had at least one occupational exposure to BBF;62.7% of all accidental exposure was reported to the department responsible for managing exposures. Percutaneous injuries were the most frequently reported. Vaccination coverage was 88.4% for hepatitis B, and 48.4% against influenza. The source patient was tested in 43.4% of reported BBF exposures. Accidental exposure to BBF was more frequent in older people (OR = 3.42;p = 0.03) and the more experienced. Subjects working in intensive care unit ward reported more exposure to BBF (OR = 3;p = 0.04). Participants incurring exposure to BBF resorted to different measures after the injury suggesting a lack of a uniform policy for post-exposure prophylaxis. Conclusion: Exposure to BBF represents an important and frequently preventable occupational hazard for HCWs in Lebanon that requires continuous EPP of HCWs, and a comprehensive approach for prevention and management.

Exploring Gaps in Healthcare Workers Knowledge, Attitude, Perception and Practice of COVID-19 Prevention and Control in Rivers State Nigeria

Background Knowledge, attitude, perception, and practice of Covid-19 prevention affect the effectiveness of healthcare workers in the pandemic response. This study assessed gaps in awareness, knowledge, attitude, perception, and practice of Covid-19 prevention among healthcare workers in Rivers State, Nigeria. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey carried out six weeks into Rivers State response that commenced on February 20, 2020, in the 23 Local Government Areas (LGAs). State Disease Surveillance and Notification Officers used multistage sampling to recruit 555 healthcare workers for the survey. A self-designed structured interviewer-administered questionnaire built into the Open Data Kit application for android phones was used for data collection. Descriptive data analysis was done, and outputs presented as frequency and percentages. Results There was a total of 372 (67.0%) female respondents. Majority of study participants had tertiary education 453 (81.6%). The mean age of study participants was 40.6 years (Standard Deviation = 7.8 years). Furthermore, 285 (51.4%) were Community Health Workers, and had over ten years practicing experience 393 (70.8%). Most healthcare workers 554 (99.8%) had heard about Covid-19, through radio 539 (97.1%), and television 445 (80.2%) yet 213 (38.4%) respondents did not know that it is caused by a virus. Most respondents 415 (74.8%) had good knowledge about Covid-19. However, only 148 (26.7%) would refer suspected cases to a facility and only 365 (65.8%) respondents demonstrated the correct hand washing technique. Conclusion There are some gaps in health worker knowledge, attitude, perception, and practice of Covid-19 prevention. Interventions to bridge these gaps are needed for effective containment of this pandemic.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Poultry Farmers on Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Kitwe, Zambia: Implications on Antimicrobial Stewardship

Introduction: The inappropriate antimicrobial usage (AMU) in chicken production has led to an increase in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Zambia, there is little information documented regarding the knowledge, attitude, and practices of poultry farmers on AMU and AMR. Therefore, this study assessed the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding AMU and AMR among poultry farmers in Kitwe, Zambia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 106 poultry farmers from November to December 2021 using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: Overall, of the 106 participants, 90.6% knew what antimicrobials were, but only 29.2% were aware of AMR. The study showed that 46.2% of the participants had low knowledge, 71.7% had negative attitudes, and 61.3% had poor practices regarding AMR. The prevalence of antibiotic use in poultry production was 83%. The most used antimicrobials were tetracycline (84%) and gentamicin (35.2%). The commonly reported reason for the use of antimicrobials was for the treatment (93.2%) and prevention (89.8%) of diseases. Further, 76.9% of the administered antimicrobials were usually done without veterinarian consultation or prescription. Conclusion: The study shows that there was high AMU in poultry farms in Kitwe. However, there was low knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practices towards AMU and AMR. Therefore, there is a need for educational and sensitisation programmes regarding AMU and AMR among poultry farmers in Kitwe, Zambia. Alongside this, antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance systems should be strengthened in the livestock production sector. This will ensure food safety and public health.

Analysis of Compliance and Barriers for Hand Hygiene Practices among Health Care Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic Management in Tertiary Care Hospital of India—An Important Step for Second Wave Preparedness

Introduction: Hands of health care workers play an important part in infection transmission in a healthcare setting infections. Even though it is a simple and effective procedure, it is many times ignored by the health care workers (HCWs) due to lack of knowledge and interest, time constraints, skin irritation, understaffing, etc. There are no specific drugs and vaccines available for COVID-19 pandemic management, so as control measures, hand hygiene is an essential measure. It will be helpful even for the second wave preparedness. So this study was planned for analysis of barriers and practices of hand hygiene among health care workers which determine the adherence of hand hygiene in medical practice. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study designed during COVID-19 pandemic management to analyze the barriers and knowledge, attitude and practices in health care workers for hand hygiene. Semi-structured questionnaires based study based on previous experience of seasonal flu outbreak was make to know barriers as well as to analyze the knowledge, attitude and practices of Health care workers. 215 participants were enrolled who were doctors, resident doctors, nurses, lab technicians, ward boys and food distributors. Results: The “Barriers” related questions’ analysis showed that hand hygiene facilities, with the supply of soap, hand rub, basins with adequate as well as clean water, are available at various places in the Hospital. In knowledge related questions, major gaps are found in 5 moments of hand hygiene and regarding aspects of alcohol-based hand-rub. Majority HCWs show a good attitude towards questions that hand hygiene is an important thing to do along with other works and they feel frustrated when others or they themselves omit hand hygiene. But the attitude toward hand hygiene when hands are not visibly soiled and when working with gloved hand showed a wrong attitude. There is a major gap in practices of hand hygiene. The majority feel hand hygiene is difficult due to work pressure, sometimes they forgot, they feel it difficult to adhere due to more steps during an emergency. Discussion: Hand hygiene is an essential part of COVID-19 pandemic management. Less compliance was observed due to a lack of knowledge and awareness. Such ignorance leads to an increase in Hospital-acquired infection. Conclusion: Good preparedness by Government and Institute for supplying adequate hand hygiene facilities in the work area for health care workers. But there were few gaps found in knowledge and attitude-related questionnaires and major gaps in practices were found which should be corrected by repeated training, awareness programs, demonstrations for hand hygiene and hands-on training. Conducting Periodic Webinar can be the most useful, convenient and safe method to provide training during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Occupational Hazards, Safety and Hygienic Practices among Timber Workers in a South Eastern State, Nigeria

Background: Timber workers, especially in developing countries, are faced with challenges of prevention and control of work place hazards and illnesses. Objective: To determine the awareness of occupational hazards, effects, safety and hygienic practices among timber workers in a South Eastern State in Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive design that used the total population of timber workers involved in the processing and marketing of wood in three major timber markets in a South Eastern State in Nigeria. Data was collected using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were done with frequencies and summary statistics. Results: The majority of the respondents were aware of the hazardous nature of wood dust (96%) and their main source of awareness was from personal experiences (55%). In spite of the fact that the predominant hazard effects in the majority were nose, throat irritation and cough (33%), the majority were of the opinion that the respirator was not important. Only 13% of the respondents that use personal protective equipment (PPE) always use them and the main reason for not using PPE is forgetfulness (38%). Proper hygiene and sanitation was poorly practiced, as all respondents indiscriminately disposed of waste wood (100%) and about one third (33%) did not have a bath after work each day. Conclusion: Timber workers in our environment are faced with increased risks of diseases, accidents and challenges of protection and safety. As a consequence, there is a need for proper education and enforcement of consistent use of the different protective devices.

养老护理员掌握预防失禁相关性皮炎现状及培训需求调研

目的了解养老护理员预防失禁相关性皮炎知信行现状及培训需求,为进一步改善培训方案,切实提升养老护理员的失禁照护能力提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,以绵阳市主城区15家养老机构的护龄半年及以上的养老护理员为调查对象,于2024年1月至3月采用一般情况、培训需求问卷,预防失禁相关性皮炎知、信、行问卷方法调查分析。结果共发放问卷251份,回收有效问卷217份,有效回收率为86%。养老护理员的预防失禁相关性皮炎知识、态度和行为维度得分分别为(8.05±1.86)分、(26.08±1.98)分和(34.02±4.09)分。在失禁相关性皮炎知识方面,不同职业证书养老护理员、不同工作年限、有无失禁照护经历、有无标准化流程、不同培训频率的养老护理员得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在预防护理失禁相关性皮炎行为方面,不同职业证书养老护理员、不同工作年限、有无失禁照护经历、有无标准化流程的养老护理员得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。养老护理员培训内容需求较高的包括失禁相关性皮炎的评估及预防措施两个方面。培训方式更倾向于线下理论授课+真实案例操作示范教学。结论养老护理员预防失禁相关性皮炎的态度尚可,但知识水平有待提高,预防照护行为有待规范,养老院需要根据养老护理员的能力及需求积极制定科学合理的培训方案,并引进新型皮肤保护产品,提高养老护理员对失禁相关性皮炎预防处理的有效性,减少失禁老人失禁相关性皮炎的发生。

宜昌地区二级医院护理人员延续护理知信行调查

目的了解宜昌地区二级医院护理人员延续护理知信行现状,为推动延续护理开展提供参考。方法便利抽取湖北省宜昌市8所公立二级医院的1796名护理人员,采用一般资料调查表、延续护理知信行量表进行调查。结果延续护理知识得分(78.94±14.77)分、态度(86.37±12.13)分、行为(74.85±19.19)分。不同年龄、职称、工作年限、岗位层级、职务的护理人员,延续护理知信行总分及部分维度得分差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论宜昌地区二级医院护理人员的延续护理态度较好,但知识与行为水平有待提高;医院应给予支持性环境及激励措施,促进延续护理服务的开展。

深圳市新生代农民工艾滋病知信行现况研究

目的:通过对深圳市两工厂新生代农民工艾滋病知识、态度和行为的调查,为进一步开展工厂新生代农民工艾滋病健康教育提供基线资料和深入研究的线索。方法:横断面现况调查,采用自填式问卷收集深圳南山区马家龙工业区两家工厂251名新生代农民工艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为等信息。结果:艾滋病相关知识知晓率为46.61%,高中及以上文化程度者知晓率(56.00%)高于高中以下文化程度者(37.30%);18.33%的调查对象同情通过性途径和吸毒途径感染人免疫缺陷病毒者,正向态度率最低;65.74%认为人免疫缺陷病毒感染者和艾滋病患者应该享有教育和就业的权利,正向态度率最高。艾滋病相关知识知晓人群和未知晓人群与临时性伴发生性行为率(28.21%、37.31%)差异无统计学意义。结论:针对新生代农民工开展艾滋病健康教育,预防方法和非传播途径方面的知识需要重点宣传。歧视态度仍然普遍存在于新生代农民工中。深入了解艾滋病知识和态度、行为之间的关系,可借鉴其他研究方法深入探讨。

青年脑力劳动者早餐知识、态度、行为的调查

目的了解重庆和沈阳两城市青年脑力劳动者早餐相关知识、态度及行为,为进一步开展营养健康教育及实施干预措施提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法,从沈阳和重庆两城市城区中6个单位共抽取300名青年脑力劳动者进行问卷调查,采用Epi Data 3.1软件进行问卷的录入,应用SAS 9.2软件进行统计分析。结果共调查278人,男性134人,女性144人。有33.6%调查对象认为早餐包含4类食物,其中认为包含谷类(80.6%)和奶豆类(81.7%)的比例较高;仅有70.5%的调查对象认为早餐营养对健康影响很大;83.1%的调查对象愿意参加营养健康饮食方面的知识讲座,但仍有12.6%的调查对象不清楚自己是否愿意参加营养健康饮食方面知识讲座;从调查对象早餐行为来看,每天吃早餐比例仅为62.2%。结论青年脑力劳动者对早餐及各类食物营养价值的有关知识欠缺,早餐结构及食物消费存在不合理之处,应加强针对其早餐营养宣教,引导其正确的早餐态度和行为。

深圳市工厂流动人口艾滋病知识态度行为调查

目的了解深圳市工厂流动人口艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为状况,为艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法由人力资源部门协调,根据方便抽样原则,抽取深圳市南山区马家龙工业区1家服装制造厂和1家电子晶体制造厂一线员工中全部流动人口的1/3左右员工,并使抽样人群男女比例基本持平,在征得调查对象知情同意后,发放匿名自填式问卷收集艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为以及参与健康教育活动等信息。结果共有383名被调查人员有效完成问卷。该群体总体艾滋病知识回答正确率为60.93%,"蚊子叮咬可以传播艾滋病"的回答错误率最高,为61.10%。艾滋病正向态度报告率为41.69%,安全套正确使用率为61.01%。最近一年接受过专门的艾滋病健康教育的工厂流动人口为35.51%,艾滋病健康教育状况与年龄分布、婚姻状态相关。想了解的艾滋病相关知识依次为传播途径(58.22%)、预防知识(44.91%)、治疗知识(37.08%)、临床表现(34.73%)、流行情况(31.07%)。工厂流动人口喜欢的健康教育方式依次为电视(55.87%)、书刊报纸(42.04%)、宣传展览(33.94%)、收音机(26.89%)、专题讲座(25.33%)。结论工厂流动人口艾滋病相关知识知晓率与正向态度报告率和行为正确率均较低。开展工厂流动人口艾滋病健康教育,应根据该人群的不同需求制定健康教育策略。

南宁市农贸市场禽类从业人员对H7N9禽流感的知、信、行调查

目的了解南宁市农贸市场禽类从业人员对H7N9禽流感的知、信、行现状,探索其感染H7N9禽流感潜在的危险因素和防控措施。方法在南宁市7个城区按随机数字表法抽取36个农贸市场对禽类从业人员进行问卷调查。结果共发放调查问卷209份,回收有效调查问卷199份,有效问卷回收率为95.22%。被调查的199名农贸市场禽类从业人员H7N9禽流感知识得分中位数为5.00分,86.93%的被调查者对H7N9禽流感知识掌握情况较差(≤9分)。年龄、文化程度是H7N9禽流感知识得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。仅18.09%认为自己有被H7N9感染的风险。认为疫苗是预防H7N9感染的有效手段、有必要宣传H7N9知识的男性比例高于女性(P<0.05)。84.92%的人会采取预防措施,但戴口罩和护目镜的比例较低,分别为19.53%和0.59%。H7N9禽流感知识得分>5分组戴口罩、勤洗手比例高于≤5分组(P<0.05),但穿防护服、穿水鞋比例低于≤5分组(P<0.05)。结论南宁市农贸市场禽类从业人员H7N9禽流感相关知识匮乏,防护意识不高,应根据该人群的特点有针对性地开展健康教育及防护工作。

乌鲁木齐市某区女性性服务工作者艾滋病知识态度行为的调查分析

目的了解乌鲁木齐市沙依巴克区(沙区)的女性性工作者人群艾滋病防治知识态度及高危行为的情况,为进一步开展有效的艾滋病防治宣传教育和行为干预模式提供依据。方法对乌鲁木齐市沙区305名女性性工作者进行匿名问卷调查,了解其艾滋病相关知识及危险行为。结果关于艾滋病传播途径及预防知识的总体知晓率达到71.83%,传播途径知识知晓率为82.55%,预防知识知晓率为66.89%;25.90%～65.56%的人对艾滋病病人/感染者存在歧视倾向;最近半年有89.83%与客人发生性行为时每次都使用安全套;出现性病相关症状患者有25.26%到非正规医疗机构就诊。结论乌鲁木齐市沙区女性性工作者的艾滋病高危行为的认识和预防措施有待提高,求医方式需加以正确的引导。

广州市禽流感疫区64名活禽捕杀人员禽流感知识、态度、行为调查

目的了解禽流感疫区活禽捕杀人员禽流感知识、态度、行为(KAP)以及禽流感防控工作中存在的问题,为进一步宣传教育和行为干预作准备。方法采用整群抽样方法,由经过培训的调查员对64名活禽捕杀人员进行入户调查。调查表经过查阅文献、预调查后确定。其中,相关知识以得分情况反映,并通过单因素分析其影响因素。结果活禽捕杀人员以当地农民为主,占70.3%,15.6%的家禽养殖者也参与了本次捕杀活动,此外尚有12.5%的捕杀人员为外地到此打工者。活禽捕杀人员总体上对禽流感知识缺乏了解,平均得分为10.2分,最低4.6分,最高13.0分。经单因素分析,文化程度为禽流感相关知识的影响因素(P=0.016),文化程度越高,知识掌握情况越好;年龄、性别、月收入及居住时间均与禽流感相关知识无关。对禽流感传播途径回答正确的仅有7人,占10.9%。25.0%的人在捕杀过程中未做好个人防护,尤其是隔离衣、口罩、护目镜的使用情况较差。日常生活中接触禽肉后,无正确洗手习惯;64.1%的捕杀人员生病后,首选自己买药、自行治疗,且就医行为与文化程度无关[OR=0.50,95%CI(0.25,1.01)]。50.0%的捕杀人员没有考虑过禽流感与自己的关系,31.3%的捕杀人员认为禽流感与自己无关,其中家禽养殖者中80.0%认为禽流感与己无关。捕杀人员对于禽流感与自己的关系与禽流感相关知识掌握情况无关(!2=0.36,P=0.67)。结论文化程度是禽流感相关知识的影响因素,但对捕杀人员对禽流感的态度、行为未产生效用。

北京市中小学校医传染病防制知信行调查

目的了解北京市中小学校医对传染病知识、态度、行为情况。方法2007年5月,对北京市4个区310名中小学校医进行问卷调查。结果校医对传染病相关知识掌握不足,尤其对发热的概念只有50%的人掌握;校医基本能掌握常见传染病的传播途径,但对乙肝传播途径知晓率仅为67.42%;校医普遍认为做好学校日常传染病预防工作对维持正常的教学秩序是重要的;80%以上的校医存有晨午检记录和缺勤登记记录。结论有必要通过培训、改善工作条件等方式进一步完善中小学校传染病防治工作体系。

浙江省金华市禽类密切接触人群禽流感KAP及感染调查

目的了解浙江省金华市禽密切接触人群禽流感知识、态度、行为及感染状况。方法 2014年1—3月,在金华市9个县(市、区)选取了16个禽市场、9家禽规模养殖场和9个家禽散养村。经知情同意后,问卷调查219名禽密切接触者人口学特征及禽流感知识、态度、行为等情况,然后采集血清标本,用马红胞血凝抑制试验方法检测H5N1、H7N9亚型流感病毒抗体,最后对调查和检测结果进行描述性分析。结果 219名调查对象禽流感知识知晓率为73.8%,担心或害怕自己感染禽流感占44.3%。最近1周内每次接触禽坚持戴口罩者占0.9%,坚持洗手者占5.0%。最近1周内病、死禽的暴露率为7.8%。活禽市场、禽规模养殖场、家禽散养村3组调查对象禽流感知识总知晓率(χ~2=50.435,P<0.01)、有危机意识人群百分比(χ~2=11.829,P<0.01)、最近1周口罩使用频次分布(χ~2=116.044,P<0.01)及洗手频次分布(χ~2=210.260,P<0.01)差异均有统计学意义。采集了194名调查对象血清标本,占调查总人数88.6%,未检测出H5N1和H7N9亚型流感病毒抗体阳性。结论金华市禽密切接触人群禽流感知识缺乏、危机意识淡薄、采取正确防护行为率低。开展该人群健康教育和行为干预时,需要探索适合不同涉禽场所人群的方式。

深圳市新生代农民工艾滋病知识、态度和行为研究

目的了解深圳市新生代农民工艾滋病相关知识、态度和行为状况,为艾滋病防治工作提供依据。方法对符合纳入条件的251名新生代农民工进行自填式问卷调查。结果新生代农民工总体艾滋病知识回答正确率为64.44%,"蚊子叮咬可以传播艾滋病"的回答错误率最高,为64.14%。艾滋病正向态度报告率为43.63%,安全套正确使用率为58.03%。最近一年接受过专门的艾滋病健康教育的新生代农民工为33.47%,艾滋病健康教育状况与年龄分布、婚姻状态相关。新生代农民工想了解的艾滋病相关知识依次为传播途径(56.97%)、预防知识(52.99%)、治疗知识(42.23%)、流行情况(35.86%)。新生代农民工喜欢的健康教育方式依次为电视(60.16%)、书刊报纸(48.21%)、宣传展览(41.04%)、专题讲座(27.89%)。结论新生代农民工艾滋病相关知识知晓率与正向态度报告率和正确行为率均较低,是健康教育的重点人群。应根据该人群的不同需求制定健康教育策略。

东莞市农民工职业卫生知识知信行调查

目的调查分析东莞市接触职业病危害因素的农民工职业卫生的知信行情况,为减少或避免职业病的发生发展提供预防控制意见。方法采用问卷调查的方法,由被调查者自行填写,结果录入SPSS进行统计检验。结果有效问卷309份,职业卫生知识应答正确率为60.9%,职业卫生态度应答正确率88.0%,职业卫生行为应答正确率62.9%。职业卫生态度的高准确率与职业卫生行为的低准确率出现不平衡性。文化程度、职位或工龄的增高,在知识和态度2方面的应答正确率显著增加,而行为应答正确率差异无统计学意义。结论应加强职业卫生知识的培训教育力度,针对不同层次,不同人群开展健康教育,建立职业病防治网络,充分发挥政府、用人单位、劳动者本人及职业卫生服务等多部门联合作用。

对医护人员在新冠肺炎疫情期间的认知 态度和行为调查研究

目的了解临床医护人员对新冠肺炎的认知、态度及行为表现现状,为三级医院制定有针对性的教育培训和行为干预策略提供依据。方法 2020年2月5日,采用自行设计的问卷通过网络平台,对全市6所三级医院临床医护人员进行问卷调查。结果共2 045人对新冠肺炎的基本知识、疑似患者及患者诊断知识、感染防控相关知识的认知得分及格,医护人员平均得分为(89.13±9.34)分。所有医护人员对目前的疫情都感到紧张;医护人员在戴口罩、咳嗽礼仪、手卫生等10种防护行为上的执行率超过50%。结论所有医护人员都对疫情高度关注,疾病认知度较高,并采取了积极防护措施。相关部门应加强医护人员中低学历人群的培训,加强个人防护用品的正确选择及使用宣教,及时更新感染控制方面的公众号知识并加强对临床一线医护人员的心理危机干预。

社区卫生服务人员心脑血管疾病知信行调查

目的了解社区卫生服务人员心脑血管疾病知识、态度、行为的情况,为提高社区卫生服务人员心脑血管疾病的知信行提出合理化建议。方法以整群选取研究对象,采用电子问卷的方式进行现场调查。结果收集有效问卷287份。心脑血管疾病病种知晓率为92.68%,但易患年龄的知晓率仅为71.08%,适量饮酒和拒绝毒品的认知率分别为55.40%和73.52%,有35.88%知晓低血压属于心脑血管疾病;愿意参加心脑血管疾病活动的为75.95%,愿意购买有效预防治疗心脑血管疾病产品者为44.59%;能科学使用食用油和盐者分别为86.06%和81.88%;每天坚持运动为28.57%,每年定期体检为64.46%,经常测量血压为40.77%;从事社区居民心脑血管疾病管理者,对疾病病种知晓率为98.96%、关注心脑血管疾病相关知识为69.79%、测量血压频率较高为57.29%,均高于未从事疾病管理者(89.53%、46.07%和32.46%);社区卫生服务人员压力较小者,愿意参加相关活动、运动频次高、常吃早餐、脂肪类食物摄入较少。结论社区卫生服务人员心脑血管疾病知识的知晓率低、态度不积极、相关健康行动力不足,合理按排工作、减压、增加运动和强化培训是提升社区卫生服务人员心脑血管病的知信行的有效手段。