Discussion on Calculation Method of Poverty Incidence in the Exit Evaluation of Poverty-Stricken Counties and Villages

Poverty incidence is the key index that needs to be measured in the poverty exit examination and evaluation of 832 poverty-stricken counties and 128 000 poverty-stricken villages. In this paper, based on the statement of general concept and conventional calculation method of the poverty incidence, the calculation method of poverty incidence in the exit evaluation of poverty-stricken counties （also including poverty-stricken township and poverty-stricken villages） was investigated through the view of the third-party evaluation. In addition to considering the previous ＂number of planned poverty remaining population＂, the method also needed to give consideration to the exiting mistaken population, evaluation missing population. Based on the case in Yuanyang County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, the poverty incidences of 10 exit planning villages by the end of 2017 in Yuanyang County were investigated and estimated, and suggestions were proposed to promote the precise poverty alleviation and poverty relief of the county.

Land Remediation Projects in Poverty-stricken Counties in Tibetan Areas Promoting Poverty Alleviation——A Case Study of Songpan County,Sichuan Province

Songpan County is a poverty-stricken county in the four provinces of China,one of the concentrated areas in China. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of land consolidation in Songpan County to promote poverty alleviation and development through specific cases. The results show that land remediation has improved agricultural production conditions,promoted agricultural efficiency,increased farmers' income,improved rural living conditions,promoted the development of urban and rural integration,improved the ecological environment,solved the problem that restricts the survival and development of poverty-stricken areas,enhanced the ability of farmers to develop themselves,raised the level of civilization in rural areas,and promoted poverty alleviation and development. The poverty alleviation and development has provided certain financial support for land remediation. It has promoted land remediation,and pointed out key directions for land remediation. It has an indirect promotion effect on land remediation.

Multi-level Cooperation and Complementary Advantage Poverty Alleviation Model in Poverty-Stricken Counties of Tibetan Areas:A Case Study of Songpan County in Sichuan Province

Songpan County is a poverty-stricken county in Tibetan areas of Sichuan Province,it belongs to a concentrated poverty-stricken area in China.Through summarizing the specific conditions of multi-level cooperation and complementary advantage poverty alleviation model in Songpan County,this paper analyzed the effect of this model.Through the analysis on the cooperative poverty alleviation model(eastern-western cooperation,provincial targeted assistance,county-wide"four-leading and four-assistance"inner-party assistance,social force"10000 enterprises helping 10000 villages",and"visiting every household and keeping every person busy"),it summarized the implementation and actual results of each level.In addition,it summarized the problems encountered in the implementation process of multi-level cooperation and complementary advantage poverty alleviation model and came up with recommendations.With the aid of this successful multi-level cooperation and complementary advantage poverty alleviation model,Songpan County has achieved a decisive victory in the fight against poverty.At the end of April 2019,the poverty rate in the whole region fell to 0.45%,and it successfully took off the poverty hat.This paper analyzed and refined the specific practice,main achievements,successful experience,implications and reference significance of multi-level cooperation and complementary advantage poverty alleviation model,to provide necessary references for innovation of poverty alleviation model in poverty-stricken Tibetan areas,or even other similar provinces and regions.

Online Education in Poverty-Stricken Counties

Education problems in remote underprivileged regions in China have long been a prominent obstacle that inhibit the development of education equality.Among all solutions,internet education has the capacity to offset against the deficiencies of unequal distribution of educational resources.Analyzing the success of online education of Lushi County in Henan offers an opportunity of establishing a relatively more equal education system.

Science and Technology Commissioners Supporting High-Quality Development Project for Hundreds of Counties, Thousands of Towns, and Myriads of Villages in the Context of Rural Revitalization

This paper discusses the important role of science and technology commissioners in the high-quality development of hundreds of counties,thousands of towns,and myriads of villages in the context of rural revitalization,including building bridges,accelerating the transformation of achievements,promoting the value-added of the whole agricultural industry chain,and promoting the rapid development of rural industrial economy.It also discusses the working achievements of science and technology commissioners,in order to promote further development of rural revitalization in Guangdong Province.

Typical Experience and Legal Problems of Urban-rural Integration Development in Counties of Chongqing

With"people as the core",Chongqing vigorously explores the reform of integration of urban and rural elements in counties,gradually breaks down the institutional barriers that hinder the free flow and equal exchange of urban and rural elements,and promotes the balanced development of land,talent,medical care,pension,education and service towards"equalization"and"integration".Some typical experience practices and outstanding results have been formed.At the same time,restricted by system,capital,technology and other factors,there are still many"pain points"and"difficulties"in the integration of urban and rural development in counties of Chongqing.Based on the reform practice,some countermeasures and suggestions for the integrated development of urban and rural elements in counties of Chongqing were put forward.

Dual-objective pattern optimization method for land suitability zoning in mountain counties

As the basic administrative unit of China,counties have grown rapidly in recent years in the context of rapid urbanization,especially for counties located in mountainous areas.The drastic changes in land in mountainous areas can easily cause irreversible damage to the sensitive ecological environment.Through the dual-objective suitability zoning of ecological and construction balance,regional sustainable land use patterns can be realized.In this study,Hantai District in Southern Shaanxi province,China,was chosen as the research area aiming at creating a balance between ecological supply and the development of construction in spatial planning.A dual-objective process evaluation system for ecological protection and construction development was proposed with 15 resistance factors selected from three attributes:natural ecology,economic society,and policy.The minimum resistance surface discrimination methods for ecological land and construction development land were proposed based on vertical space superposition and horizontal minimum cumulative resistance models.Finally,the land in Hantai District was divided into four development grades from the optimal angle of dual goals,i.e.,the construction core zone being 134.56 km^(2),the suitable construction zone 115.77 km2,the ecological buffer zone 153.74 km^(2),and the ecological control zone 151.93 km^(2),using the method combining resistance difference and threshold division.In addition,the development direction of each town under jurisdiction was identified.This study compensates for the deficiency of traditional methods that evaluate land only from a single vertical or horizontal process.

The Evolutionary Characteristics of the Temperature in Typical Counties in Southwest China——Taking Meitan County in Guizhou Province as an Example

Based on the method of linear trending,analysis was made upon the daily temperature statistics of Meitan County from 1951 to 2009,and the results showed that the temperature in general was on the rise.With 1980 as the turning point,it was on the decline before while later the temperature increased quickly.Among these figures,the variation rates of annual average temperature,annual maximum temperature,and annual minimum temperature are 0.11 ℃/10 a,0.08 ℃/10 a,and 0.36 ℃/10 a.The variation rates of average temperature in spring,summer,fall and winter are respectively 0.12 ℃/10 a,0.07 ℃/10 a,0.12 ℃/10 a,and 0.13 ℃/10 a.Morlet wavelet was adopted to analyze the periodicity of temperature change which has periods of different scales.But since 2000,during different time scales most of the areas have been in the period of temperature rises.Besides,certain rule exists in the periodicity of maximum temperature and minimum temperature.Before 1970s,they had opposite changing rules,and the alteration of the peak value occurred.However,in the late 1980s,they had similar changing rules,and their peak values appeared at the same time.It means that against the background of global warming,the reaction of temperature evolution in Meitan County is quite remarkable.

SWOT Analysis of Tourist Resources in Underdeveloped Counties—With Pingle County in Guilin City as the Study Case

Strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats of tourism development in Pingle County were analyzed to give a pertinent guide for its under developed tourism industry and economy,moreover,suggestions were proposed for the further development of local tourist resources.

Agricultural Development of Nanjing Suburban Counties based on Contribution Models of Production Factors

According to data in Nanjing Statistical Yearbook, contribution made by agricultural production factors was analyzed with contribution models of agricultural factors and the results showed that with restriction of labor force and land, Nanjing suburban counties have entered into a stage of ＂high input-high output＂, considering no matter from agricultural total value of output or from agricultural added value. In future, structure configuration of agricultural input factors should be optimized in Nanjing suburban counties by technology input to improve agricultural technology and technical efficiency in order to further achieve sustainable development of agriculture.

Research on Competitiveness of County Economy Based on Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis——Taking 88 Counties in Guizhou as Samples

17 indices are selected,such as the growth rate of total regional output value,the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP,per capita financial expenditure,and soil erosion rate of Guizhou Province in 2009.According to the relevant indices data of statistical yearbook and governmental website,by using the method of factor analysis and the method of cluster analysis,we assess the competitiveness of county economy in 88 counties of Guizhou Province.The results show that the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province is impacted by factors of location and economic foundation.In addition,the resources environment,economic structure,economic developmental speed and other factors also impact the competitiveness of county economy in Guizhou Province.Based on these,in the light of the developmental characteristics of different counties in conjunction with different developmental advantages in different regions,we should adopt different developmental strategies according to local conditions,which is significant to rapid,healthy and sustainable development of county economy in Guizhou Province.

Countermeasures for Stressing Industry but Disregarding Agriculture in Resource-based Counties: A Case Study of Fugu County in Shaanxi Province

Industry re-feeding agriculture is an important strategy to boost agricultural modernization[1]. As to resource-based regions, the key thing is the way to implement the strategy of resource-based industry re-feeding agriculture. In fact, as a typical resource-based county, Fugu County realizes its quick economic development mainly depending on the local resources and industrial development. And the agricultural development is relatively lagging in the county, more people are beginning to denote themselves to industrial development due to high return brought by resource exploitation, which results that the contradiction between industry and agriculture is gradually prominent in the county. Therefore, it is necessary to seek for a new way to develop industry and agriculture in resource-based counties. This article mainly introduces the mode and method of "industry re-feeding agriculture" in Fugu County, analyzes and summarizes the implementation effects and achievements of modes as well as discusses the problems produced in the course of policy implementation and tries to find countermeasures to coordinate the contradiction between industry and agriculture, then further discuss the development perspective of industry and agriculture in Fugu County.

Tourism Competitiveness Evaluation and Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Chinese Border Counties

Under the current government strategy of building a Silk Road economic belt, tourism in Chinese border counties has becoming increasingly popular. Studying tourism competitiveness in Chinese border counties is of sizable theoretical and practical importance, as there are several notable factors involved. In this study, we constructed a tourism competitiveness evaluation model based on eight factors: natural environment, tourism resource, location and transportation, social environment, tourism service facility, border port, tourism industrial cluster and tourism market. We then analyzed the spatial characteristics of tourism competitiveness in border counties and identified five types of border counties: resource advantage type(RA), border-port advantage type(PA), location advantage type(LA), agglomeration advantage type(AA), and relative balance type(RB), and examined the correlation between tourism market competitiveness and interior competitiveness factors in the counties from 2006 to 2011. Results showed that tourism resource, location and transportation, and tourism service facility are the most important competition factors for RA border counties during the study period. Competition factors in PA counties transferred from tourism resource, social environment and tourism service facility to border port and tourism industrial cluster; competition factors in LA counties transferred from natural environment and tourism resource to tourism service facility and tourism industrial cluster and border port. Competition factors in AA counties transferred from tourism service facility to tourism resource. Tourism industrial cluster, tourism service facility and tourism resource proved to be important competition factors in RB counties. The findings of this study can be used to target tourism strategies according to different county types.

Economic Transformation Capacities and Developmental Countermeasures of Coal-resource-based Counties of China

In China,the economic systems of many small-scale resource-based regions are confronted with realizing sustainable development through economic transformation. This paper,taking 37 coal-resource-based counties in China as objects,evaluates the economic transformation capacities of the counties by principal component analysis (PCA). Based on the comprehensive principal component values of >1,0–1 and <0,the economic transformation capacities of the counties are classified into strong,common and weak grades. Then,the paper proposes the developmental countermeasures according to different transformation capacities. For the counties with strong transformation capacities,it is crucial to make scientific positioning and rationally exploite resources in view of the developing characteristics and modes of those counties; as for the counties with common transformation capacities,the preparation and perfection of basic transformation conditions are still important aspects; as for the counties with weak transformation capacities,shifting from ″passive transfromation″ to ″active transformation″ in light of resources conditions is necessary.

Research on Biomass Distribution in Counties and Comprehensive Utilization Layout of Biomass Energy in Jilin Province

Firstly, the distribution of main biomass resources （like straw, livestock manure and forestry residue） in counties of Jilin Province, and then according to the annual output of biomass in each county, the energy regeneration of biomass and project distribution of organic fertilizer were studied, finally the direct economic effect and environmental effect of biomass developed recently were calculated.

Shared ecological mental model and ecological development of counties:Taking Anji as an example

This paper takes the County of Anji as an example and analyzes the ecological development system of counties based on the theory of mental model and complex ecosystem based on the theory of mental model and complex ecosystem. Anji ecological development system consists of ecological management subsystems, eco-industry subsystems, ecological environment subsystems, and ecological lives of the residents subsystems by shared ecological mental model as its foundation and motive power. These subsystems affect and promote each others, which eventually help people in Anji to achieve the goals of building a harmonious society, creating a beautiful countryside, and enjoying a happy life in overall. This study finds that a county's ecological development should emphasize the establishment, consolidation, externalization, and promotion of the shared ecological mental model, and follow the basic principles of "ecocentrism", "government-led" and "public participation".

Land Use Regionalization in Poor Counties in Mountainous Areas Based on Targeted Poverty Alleviation

Land use regionalization is a strategic measure for the rational use,management and protection of land resources based on local conditions.Based on the needs of targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization strategy and the analysis on the natural and socioeconomic conditions,characteristics of land resources,and the current status of land use in Luquan County,corresponding regionalization indices were selected from four aspects:economic environment conditions,socioeconomic conditions,land resources and land use structure,and poverty alleviation and development level,a scientific and feasible index system for land use regionalization was constructed,and land use in Luquan County was regionalized by using systematic cluster analysis method.The results show that the 16 townships(towns)of Luquan County were divided into four land use regions,poverty alleviation region for development of new town and characteristic industries in the southwest(I),agricultural development and ecological poverty alleviation region in central mountainous area(II),poverty alleviation region for development of characteristic agriculture and tourism towns in eastern plateau mountainous area(III),and poverty alleviation region for development of characteristic industries and protection of land economy in the northern alpine valley area(IV).In addition,suggestions were put forward for the rational use of land in each region.

Research on the Impact of Industrial Agglomeration and Structural Upgrade on County Economic Growth under the New Normal Condition-Based on the Empirical Study of 101 County Counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces

In this paper, the method of generalized moments of data and systems for 101 counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces is used to analyze the impact of industrial agglomeration and industrial structure upgrading on county economic growth. The real diagnosis result indicated that, the industry gathers with the industrial structure promotes has the forward function to the county territory economic growth rate, in the sample time that had not discovered the industry gathers to the economical growth existence non-linearity in？ uence. On the other hand, the industrial structure promotes to the county territory economy long-term growth power is stronger, later period should break through the present stage in the manufacturing industry mature county territory through the industrial structure promotion strategy the industry to glide down.

Wudang Mode of Ecological Civilization Construction in Western Counties

First, emphasis was given to the analysis on the practices of ecological civilization construction in Wudang District, and then the Wudang mode of ecological civilization construction was discussed and summarized from the aspects of implementation process, implementation path, and implementation dynamics, obtaining the following enlightenments： accelerating the development of ecological economy is the primary task for the ec- ological civilization construction in western counties; optimizing the spatial development pattern is an important means to promote the ecological civi- lization construction scientifically; capturing the acting point is the key factor to realize the win-win of economic development and ecological protection; the overall development of social undertakings to achieve the happiness of people in rural and urban area is the goal of ecological civilization.

Analysis of Poverty Performance and Its Rooted Causes of the Aid-Poverty- Development Counties in Sichuan

There are 36 counties affirmed to be aid-poverty-development county in the early 21st century, which distribute around the circumferential mountain of Sichuan Basin, According to the topographic features and the distribution of nationality, these aid-poverty-development counties can be classified into 4 depressed-regions. Study shows that regional poverty performance of 4 depressed-regions not only has many commons in the field of regional economic structure and industry structure, which is far behind the average development performance of Sichuan in the field of economic sum per capita such as GDP, farmer net income per capita as well as retail scale consumer goods, it is also quite different related to infrastructure and social development within 4 depressed-regions. Regional Poverty is chronically resulted in interaction of the multi-factors. Natural condition constraint is the basic factor contributed to regional poverty, policy influences play key role, the poor culture is inherent factor to regional poverty and the marginal locations play important role.