Different concentrations of jasmonic acid(JA)and benzothiadiazole(BTH) were sprayed on 2-year-old Rosa rugosa‘Plena’ seedlings. The induced resistance of JA and BTH to Sphaerotheca pannosa(Wallr.) and the changes of...Different concentrations of jasmonic acid(JA)and benzothiadiazole(BTH) were sprayed on 2-year-old Rosa rugosa‘Plena’ seedlings. The induced resistance of JA and BTH to Sphaerotheca pannosa(Wallr.) and the changes of their related physiological indices were investigated. Results showed that JA and BTH treatments had inhibitory impacts on S. pannosa infection. The optimal concentration of JA and BTH was 0.5 mmol/L for the disease-resistance induction of the leaves, its inductive effect was up to 66.36% for BTH and 54.49% for JA. Our results confirmed that exogenous JA and BTH significantly improved R. rugose ‘Plena’ resistance to S. pannosa. When treated with JA and BTH, activities of the three defense enzymes(POD, PPO, and PAL) increased significantly.Contents of total phenolics, flavonoids, and lignin also increased significantly. It is inferred from these results that exogenous JA and BTH could improve the resistance of R.rugose ‘Plena’ to S. pannosa through enhancing activities of the defensive enzymes and accumulation of secondary metabolites in the leaves.展开更多
Seedlings of Yujinxiang melon were used to investigate the effect and inhibitive mechanism of sodium silicate and nanosized silicon oxide on powdery mildew. The results showed that the severity of powdery mildew on me...Seedlings of Yujinxiang melon were used to investigate the effect and inhibitive mechanism of sodium silicate and nanosized silicon oxide on powdery mildew. The results showed that the severity of powdery mildew on melon seedlings was lowered significantly by treatment with either of the two silicon compounds, although the effect of sodium silicate was more powerful than silicon oxide. Application of sodium silicate to the seedlings caused significant increases in the activity of peroxidase (POD) and of β-1,3-glucosidase (GLU), both enzymes are known to be associated with the disease defence systems of plants. SEM-EDX analysis of sodium silicate-treated leaves of the melon seedlings showed an elevated level of silicon deposit at stomata and epidermis. Treatment with nanosized silicon oxide also resulted in a similar increase in silicon deposit, but the treatment did not cause a significant increase in POD activity.展开更多
草莓白粉病是草莓生产中的常见病害。试验目的在于测试6.5%芳姜黄酮乳油对草莓白粉病的田间防治效果。用43%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂和300 g/L醚菌·啶酰菌悬浮剂作为对照药剂,在上海市青浦区开展田间药效小区及大区试验。结果显示,...草莓白粉病是草莓生产中的常见病害。试验目的在于测试6.5%芳姜黄酮乳油对草莓白粉病的田间防治效果。用43%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂和300 g/L醚菌·啶酰菌悬浮剂作为对照药剂,在上海市青浦区开展田间药效小区及大区试验。结果显示,小区试验末次用药后7 d 6.5%芳姜黄酮乳油稀释150倍液处理组防治效果为75.01%,显著优于对照药剂防治效果(P<0.01)。大区试验结果与小区试验结果趋势一致。说明6.5%芳姜黄酮乳油防治草莓白粉病效果良好,且对草莓植株安全,是一种具有开发潜力的新型植物源杀菌剂。展开更多
There are several biopesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi available in the market for use against insect pests in greenhouse ecosystems.Although most are compatible for use with predators and parasitoids in gree...There are several biopesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi available in the market for use against insect pests in greenhouse ecosystems.Although most are compatible for use with predators and parasitoids in greenhouse ecosystems,much more research is needed to determine the intraguild interactions for each combination of host,pathogen,predator,and parasitoid.Our research has demonstrated that,although direct effects on the predators could be demonstrated in laboratory bioassays,different results were found under greenhouse conditions,indicating that results obtained in the laboratory may be a poor predictor of what occurs in the greenhouse.In both cases,additive effects were obtained under greenhouse conditions,demonstrating compatibility.In addition,there is increasing evidence that entomopathogenic fungi have significant potential for dual management of invertebrate pests and plant pathogens.Our studies demonstrated that 3 species of Lecanicillium had significant effects on both aphids and cucumber powdery mildew,Sphaerotheca fuliginea;that the fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus was compatible with a mirid predator,Disyphus hesperus,when used concurrently against greenhouse whitefly,Trialeurodes vaporariorum;and that Lecaniciullium longisporum was compatible with a predatory midge,Aphidoletes aphidimyza when used concurrently against green peach aphids.展开更多
基金supported by the Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(No.QC2014C012)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(NO.2572016CA11)
文摘Different concentrations of jasmonic acid(JA)and benzothiadiazole(BTH) were sprayed on 2-year-old Rosa rugosa‘Plena’ seedlings. The induced resistance of JA and BTH to Sphaerotheca pannosa(Wallr.) and the changes of their related physiological indices were investigated. Results showed that JA and BTH treatments had inhibitory impacts on S. pannosa infection. The optimal concentration of JA and BTH was 0.5 mmol/L for the disease-resistance induction of the leaves, its inductive effect was up to 66.36% for BTH and 54.49% for JA. Our results confirmed that exogenous JA and BTH significantly improved R. rugose ‘Plena’ resistance to S. pannosa. When treated with JA and BTH, activities of the three defense enzymes(POD, PPO, and PAL) increased significantly.Contents of total phenolics, flavonoids, and lignin also increased significantly. It is inferred from these results that exogenous JA and BTH could improve the resistance of R.rugose ‘Plena’ to S. pannosa through enhancing activities of the defensive enzymes and accumulation of secondary metabolites in the leaves.
文摘Seedlings of Yujinxiang melon were used to investigate the effect and inhibitive mechanism of sodium silicate and nanosized silicon oxide on powdery mildew. The results showed that the severity of powdery mildew on melon seedlings was lowered significantly by treatment with either of the two silicon compounds, although the effect of sodium silicate was more powerful than silicon oxide. Application of sodium silicate to the seedlings caused significant increases in the activity of peroxidase (POD) and of β-1,3-glucosidase (GLU), both enzymes are known to be associated with the disease defence systems of plants. SEM-EDX analysis of sodium silicate-treated leaves of the melon seedlings showed an elevated level of silicon deposit at stomata and epidermis. Treatment with nanosized silicon oxide also resulted in a similar increase in silicon deposit, but the treatment did not cause a significant increase in POD activity.
文摘草莓白粉病是草莓生产中的常见病害。试验目的在于测试6.5%芳姜黄酮乳油对草莓白粉病的田间防治效果。用43%氟菌·肟菌酯悬浮剂和300 g/L醚菌·啶酰菌悬浮剂作为对照药剂,在上海市青浦区开展田间药效小区及大区试验。结果显示,小区试验末次用药后7 d 6.5%芳姜黄酮乳油稀释150倍液处理组防治效果为75.01%,显著优于对照药剂防治效果(P<0.01)。大区试验结果与小区试验结果趋势一致。说明6.5%芳姜黄酮乳油防治草莓白粉病效果良好,且对草莓植株安全,是一种具有开发潜力的新型植物源杀菌剂。
文摘There are several biopesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi available in the market for use against insect pests in greenhouse ecosystems.Although most are compatible for use with predators and parasitoids in greenhouse ecosystems,much more research is needed to determine the intraguild interactions for each combination of host,pathogen,predator,and parasitoid.Our research has demonstrated that,although direct effects on the predators could be demonstrated in laboratory bioassays,different results were found under greenhouse conditions,indicating that results obtained in the laboratory may be a poor predictor of what occurs in the greenhouse.In both cases,additive effects were obtained under greenhouse conditions,demonstrating compatibility.In addition,there is increasing evidence that entomopathogenic fungi have significant potential for dual management of invertebrate pests and plant pathogens.Our studies demonstrated that 3 species of Lecanicillium had significant effects on both aphids and cucumber powdery mildew,Sphaerotheca fuliginea;that the fungus Paecilomyces fumosoroseus was compatible with a mirid predator,Disyphus hesperus,when used concurrently against greenhouse whitefly,Trialeurodes vaporariorum;and that Lecaniciullium longisporum was compatible with a predatory midge,Aphidoletes aphidimyza when used concurrently against green peach aphids.
