Transient Stability Analysis of Power System by Coordinated PSS-AVR Design Based on PSO Technique

In this paper, Power System Stabilizer (PSS) and Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) are coordinated to improve the transient stability of generator in power system. Coordinated design problem of AVR and PSS is formulated as an optimization problem. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique is an advanced robust search method by the swarming or cooperative behavior of biological populations mechanism. The performance of PSO has been certified in solution of highly non-linear objectives. Thus, PSO technique has been employed to optimize the parameters of PSS and AVR in order to reduce the power system oscillations during the load changing conditions in single-machine, infinite-bus power system. The results of nonlinear simulation suggest that, by coordinated design of AVR and PSS based on PSO technique power system oscillations are exceptionally damped. Correspondingly, it’s shown that power system stability is superiorly enhanced than the uncoordinated designed of the PSS and the AVR controllers.

Air-Water Cooling System for Switch-Mode Power Supplies

The results are presented of an experimental investigation of heat transfer in an air-liquid cooling system for a Switch-Mode Power Supply (SMPS) for TV digital power amplifiers. Since these SMPSs are characterized by high power and high compactness, thereby making the standard cooling techniques difficult to be used, a new cooling system is developed, using water and air as the cooling media. The active components (MOSFETs) are cooled with a liquid cold-plate, the passive ones (condensers, transformers, coils) with an air flow, in turn cooled by the cold-plate. By inserting the cooling system in an experimental tool where it is possible to control the cooling water, measurements are made of temperature in the significant points of the SMPS. The electric efficiency is also measured. The evaluation of the thermal performance of this cooling system is useful in order to limit its maximum operational temperature. The efficacy of the cooling system is demonstrated;the trends of efficiency and power dissipation are evidenced.

Power-Gas-Power可再生能源氢电耦合系统核心工艺设计

绿色、低碳是人类能源利用方式转变的发展趋势,但可再生能源的随机性、间歇性和波动性与电网在时间-空间维度的不协调限制了其充分利用。氢能是高效、绿色可持续的二次能源,电解水制氢技术是目前绿氢的主要来源。Power-Gas-Power氢电耦合系统是以氢储能为媒介,调节能量的储存和转化,是缓解弃风、弃光等问题的有效手段。系统总结了Power-Gas-Power可再生能源氢电耦合系统四个核心工艺的设计过程,包括可再生能源发电系统、绿氢制取系统、绿氢储存系统和燃料电池发电系统,最后指出了可再生能源氢电耦合应用过程面临的问题和相关对策。

Thermo-Dynamical Analysis on Electricity-Generation Subsystem of CAES Power Plant

Besides pumped hydropower, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is the other solution for large energy storage capacity. It can balance fluctuations in supply and demand of electricity. CAES is essential part of smart power grids. Linked with the flow structure and dynamic characteristic of electricity generation subsystem and its components, a simulation model is proposed. Thermo-dynamical performance on off-design conditions have been analyzed with constant air mass flux and constant gas combustion temperature. Some simulation diagrams of curve are plotted too. The contrast of varied operation mode thermal performance is made between CAES power plant and simple gas turbine power plant.

Power Builder应用中一种通用的查询系统设计

利用 Power Builder开发工具中数据窗口和系统函数的特性 ,有效地实现了数据查询和动态数据窗口创建的通用性程序设计 ,结合工程实例介绍上述通用程序在数据库管理系统开发中的应用。

Powerworld在无功功率平衡和电压调整项目化课程设计中的应用

针对电力系统无功功率平衡和电压调整教学知识点繁杂的特点,提出采用Power World软件相结合的方式进行无功功率平衡和电压调整的项目化课程设计。该课程设计借助Power World模拟实例完成对知识点的学习及验证,实践表明该课程设计有助于增强学生的学习兴趣。

西门子SIMARIS Design工具软件在低压配电系统校验中的应用

从配电系统计算、保护设备选型、电缆选择、线路保护配合及无功补偿等方面介绍了西门子公司SIMARISDesign设计软件在低压配电系统校验中的应用。并以某小区工程项目为例,具体介绍了SIMARISDesign工具软件的应用。该软件可对电气工程技术人员提供强大的技术支持。

西门子SIMARIS Design工具软件在低压配电系统校验中的应用(续)

从配电系统计算、保护设备选型、电缆选择、线路保护配合及无功补偿等方面介绍了西门子公司SIMARIS Design设计软件在低压配电系统校验中的应用。并以某小区工程项目为例,具体介绍了SIMARIS Design工具软件的应用。该软件可对电气工程技术人员提供强大的技术支持。

基于GT-Power的汽车排气系统开发

根据汽车排气系统设计目标排气背压和尾管噪声两大指标,对消声器筒体体积、腔数、尾管直径进行估算,设计出预选方案;通过GT-Power模拟和实车测试交替进行,对预选方案进行二次筛选优化,最终得到满足噪声及背压要求的最终方案。

X-Band Power Amplifier for Next Generation Networks Based on MESFET

Advanced wireless standards of communication like 3GPP and LTE are becoming more and more efficient and with this evolution of communication systems mobile equipment is also become smaller and smaller. Power amplifier designing has become a very crucial task in this era where efficiency and size are the main concern of any designer. In this paper we have design and analyzed X-band Class E Metal-semiconductor field effect transistor(MESFET) based Power Amplifier. This device targets the devices which use OFDM technique to improve their spectral efficiency for the next generation communication systems. Microstrip lines are used to achieve small size for our design instead of lumped components. Load Pull measurements are used to get MESFET input and output impedances optimum values. For linear and non linear operation small signal mathematical model of the design is used. To reduce thermal losses FR4 substrate is used to increase PA efficiency. Our designs shows small values of input and output return loss of about-22.3d B and-23.716 d B achieving a high gain of about25.6 d B respectively, with PAE of about 30 % having stability factor greater than 1 and 21.894 d Bm of output power.

Techno-Economic Feasibility Analysis of Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation: A Review

With the rapid depletion of fossil fuel reserves, it is feared that the world will soon run out of its energy resources. This is a matter of concern for developing countries whose economy heavily leans on its use of energy. Under the circums-tances it is highly desirable that renewable energy resources should be utilized with maximum conversion efficiency to cope with the ever increasing energy demand. Furthermore, the global economic and political conditions that tend to make countries more dependent on their own energy resources have caused growing interest in the development and use of renewable energy based technologies. In terms of its environmental advantages, renewable energy sources generate electricity with insignificant contribution of carbon dioxide (CO2) or other greenhouse gases (GHG) to the atmosphere and they produce no pollutant discharge on water or soil and hence power generation from renewable becomes very important. Major types of renewable energy sources include solar, wind, hydro and biomass, all of which have huge potential to meet future energy challenges. Solar photovoltaic technology in one of the first among several renewable energy technologies that have been adopted worldwide for meeting the basic needs of electricity particularly in remote areas. In this paper literature review pertaining to techno-economic feasibility analysis of solar photovoltaic power generation is discussed. The literature is basically classified into the following three main category design methods, techno-economic feasibility of solar photovoltaic power generation, performance evaluations of various systems.

Reducing Power and Energy Consumption of Nonvolatile Microcontrollers with Transparent On-Chip Instruction Cache

Demands for low-energy microcontrollers have been increasing in recent years. Since most microcontrollers achieve user programmability by integrating nonvolatile (NV) memories such as flash memories for storing their programs, the large power consumption required in accessing an NV memory has become a major problem. This problem becomes critical when the power supply voltage of NV microcontrollers is decreased. We can solve this problem by introducing an instruction cache, thus reducing the access frequency of the NV memory. Unlike general-purpose microprocessors, microcontrollers used for real-time applications in embedded systems must accurately calculate program execution time prior to its execution. Therefore, we introduce a “transparent” instruction cache, which does not change the existing NV microcontroller’s cycle-level execution time, for reducing power and energy consumption, but not for improving the processing speed. We have conducted detailed microar chitecture design based on the architecture of a major industrial microcontroller, and we evaluated power and energy consumption for several benchmark programs. Our evaluation shows that the proposed instruction cache can successfully reduce energy consumption in a fairly wide range of practical NV microcontroller configurations.

Green Input-Output Model for Power Company─Theoretical & Application Analysis

Based on the theory of marginal opportunity cost, one kind of green input-output table and models of power company are put forward in this paper. For an appliable purpose, analysis of integrated planning, cost analysis, pricing of the power company are also given.

支持新型电力系统的5G/6G高可靠低时延电力物联网通信设计与分析

新型电力系统中“源-网-荷-储”协同控制具有大规模节点接入、双向可靠和广域低时延的信息传输需求,是5G通信重要垂直应用场景。然而,现有民用5G通信无法完全满足电力业务互动控制对高可靠和低时延的信息传输需求。该文在5G标准基础上,将子载波跳频技术(frequency hopping,FH)应用于可配置正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplex,OFDM)系统中,形成OFDM/FH传输新体制,为新型电力系统提供多业务接入和高可靠的信号传输方案;同时,考虑控制业务短包和突发特性,将OFDM/FH信号传输与5G/6G微时隙(mini-slot)调度策略融合,以mini-slot为基本单位的资源调度和重传机制能有效降低时延。随后,通过理论分析,揭示该电力物联网(Internet-of-things,IoT)通信系统传输可靠性与重传时延的内在折中关系。通过对无线通信物理层信号处理和媒介接入层时隙调度联合设计,该文提出的基于mini-slot调度架构OFDM/FH的电力物联网5G/6G通信方案,可支持“源-网-荷-储”多业务泛在接入、高达99.999%传输可靠性和毫秒级低时延要求,实现了5G/6G高可靠低时延通信(ultrareliability and low-latency communications,uRLLC)与泛在电力控制业务的深度融合。

Research on CAD/CAE/MDO integrated system for nuclear valve products

In order to realize rapid response to performance-driven design for nuclear valve products, a rapid design platform is constructed by combining the structural features with the multi-characteristic optimization requirement, which integrates parametric design, multi-characteristic simulation, and multidisciplinary design optimization of nuclear power valves together. Through the integration of heterogeneous CAX/MDO software, such as UG, ANSYS and iSIGHT, the analytical efficiency is enhanced by coupling respective and unique advantage of various software systems, and the mutual coordination and information sharing are realized between the heterogeneous systems. The application example shows that the system is convenient operation that improves the automation in design and analysis on nuclear valves. The results can provide a practical and effective development method and technical reference of the integrated design system for valve products.

PSCAD的发电机准同期并列综合实验设计

针对电力系统自动化实验教学中存在的不足,设计了同步发电机准同期并列综合实验。实验模型采用PSCAD/EMTDC,建立了包含发电机及并网系统、原动机及其调速器、励磁系统、准同期并列控制单元、电压向量的动态显示等关键部件。依托实验模型设计了循序渐进的教学实验项目,主要有机组启动与并网的验证性实验、不同并列条件影响的分析性实验、频率差和电压差调节的设计性实验。该实验将电路、电机学、自动控制理论、电力系统分析等多门专业核心课程贯穿起来,提升了学生综合运用知识解决复杂工程问题的能力。

Parametric Study on a Caisson Based OWC Wave Energy Converting System

This study uses a numerical method to analyze the proposed model structure. Before the parametric analysis, a pre-analysis to make sure the analytical results are accountable, a verification analysis was performed. The results found are compared well with the limited experimental findings of Goda et al. and it is very encouraging to find that for the proposed method as an alternative for green energy developments, as long as an appropriate design is performed, an OWC combined with breakwater structure may provide an alternative for green energy system utilized in a harbor area. From the results of the first stage of parameter analysis that the size of the openings of the cell of converting system is variable, a traditional full opened cell is not necessary the most efficient design for the wave power conversion in terms of the variations of air pressure inside the cell and air speed through the outlet orifice that will drive the electricity power generator.

一种立方星模块化电源系统的设计与在轨试验

立方星实用化发展对其电源系统提出了更高的要求,传统立方星电源的功率容量和扩展能力已难以满足遥感、通信等立方星应用的需求。该文针对此问题提出一种模块化电源系统的设计与研制方法:系统对外采用统一的结构、信息和功率接口,实现与卫星平台的松耦合;内部设计多种标准化的模块单元,通过模块数量的配置和堆叠结构,实现功率容量和配电通道灵活扩充,从而快速满足多样化任务立方星的供电需求。以中国青少年科普卫星八一03星为例,开展电源系统设计方法的验证与工程实现,研制周期缩短至两个月。在轨试验表明,所设计的模块化电源系统工作稳定可靠,能够适应百瓦量级以内不同载荷任务立方星的功率需求。

Modeling and Validation of Thrust Prediction of Underwater Solid Rocket Motor

The solid rocket motor driven system is one of the common ways for submarines to launch underwater missiles. It has significant advantages in improving the missile’s water exit speed, anti-interference capability, and enemy striking power. The prediction of the underwater loading is a preliminary factor for the power system design of the underwater vehicle. This paper presents a rapid prediction method and validated by the experimental study for the underwater thrust of the solid rocket motor. Based on the potential flow assumption of the water field, a model of the bubble and a one-dimensional quasi-steady model of the nozzle are established to directly solve the flow status of the nozzle. The aerodynamic thrust and hydrodynamic thrust have been calculated and analyzed. The calculation results are within 5% error of the experimental results. Moreover, a design platform to predict the underwater thrust of the solid rocket motor has been developed based on Python and the PyQt library, which shows excellent system adaptability and computational efficiency.