Research of Informatization Demands of New Countryside in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone and Related Countermeasures

[Objective] The aim was to survey and analyze informatization demand in new countryside in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone and to propose counter- measures, [Method] A questionnaire was made among farmers on informatization de- mands in different regions in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone and the re- sults were analyzed to propose countermeasures promoting informatization. [Result] With strengthening of information awareness, information demands in rural areas in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone change as follows： Information demand car- rier changes from traditional media to modern media; demand on information content changes from one-way to diversified one; demand of information service changes from one-way transmission to interaction and exchange. However, some problems still exist in informatization process, such as poor infrastructure, dispersed information resources, higher information expense and shortage of information-based talents. Hence, the countermeasures were proposed, as follows： Rational security systems should be established; financing should be as diversified as possible; informatization infrastructure should be reinforced; agricultural economic information and informatiza- tion service system should be established. [Conclusion] The research lays foundation for construction of informatization in new countryside in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone.

Study on Planning and Design Mode of Eco-agricultural Demonstration Base in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone

Guided by the Planning of Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone, traffic and geographic conditions of the Eco-agricultural Demonstration Base in the study area were analyzed, and design principles proposed as "adaptation to local conditions, scientific planning, benign circulation and sustainable development". Detailed planning and design was interpreted from the perspectives of infrastructure planning and functional area planning. Specifically, infrastructure construction should focus on traffic design, water, power and gas supply design, and also architectural design; while functional areas should be gradually developed from south section to central and then north section. It was to establish a design and planning mode that can be widely applied.

Legal System for China's Forest Resource Protection:A Case Study of Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone

Taking Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone as an example,we analyzed existing problems in China'forest resource protection from the perspective of legal system.The problems include unclear property right system of forest resource,imperfect compensation mechanism for forest ecology,forest cutting quota scheme not resolutely put into practice,legal supervision of forest protection not implemented,and lack of integration in forest protection laws.Based on these problems,we put forward countermeasures and suggestions:establish clear forest resource property system;improve ecological benefit compensation mechanism in legal form;strictly implement forest cutting quota scheme;strengthen legal supervision of forest protection;and keep legal system integral for forest resource protection.

Review of Research on the Development of Tourism Resources in Ecological Economic Zone of Poyang Lake

Based on analyzing and summarizing the previous research results,the existing problems in the researches of tourism resources development in the ecological economic zone of Poyang Lake were analyzed. And then the research trend in the future was pointed out.

Research on the Tourism talents training mechanism of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone

In order to promote the tourism development of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, to attract more customers, to build an effective personnel training mechanism, training professionals is very necessary. The advantages of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone tourism development are introduced in this paper, and pointed out that the tourism talent training needs analysis of talent training status and improvement measures are proposed, including the integration of the region education resources, pay attention to the skilled personnel training, improve the teaching curriculum setting, improve the quality of Teachers, strengthen the construction of training base.

Evaluation of Fragility of the Economic System in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone

From two aspects,namely the sensitivity of regional economic system to internal and external interference,and its resilience,we establish the evaluation indicator system of fragility of the economic system in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone,and evaluate the internal differences in fragility of the regional economic system,using set pair analysis method. The results show that there is a great difference in fragility of the economic system between different administrative units; the difference in resilience is the major factor responsible for difference in fragility of the economic system in various cities and counties within the region; according to the difference in fragility characteristics,we conduct classification as follows: Nanchang City is a low-sensitivity and high-resilience type; Jiujiang City is a high-sensitivity and high-resilience type; Jiujiang County,Xingzi County,Yongxiu County,Hukou County,Duchang County,Ruichang County,De'an Xian,Wuning County,Pengze County,Leping City, Dongxiang County,Fengcheng City and Gao'an City are a high-sensitivity and low-resilience type; other cities and counties are a low-sensitivity and low-resilience type.

Development of Ecological Fishery in Poyang Lake Area

Through in-depth analysis on history and current situations of fishery development in Poyang Lake area,this paper presents location,resource and environment advantages in development of ecological fishery.According to orientation of leading functions,Poyang Lake can be divided into breeding development,capture operation,enhancement protection and ecological rehabilitation functional zones.In accordance with industrial foundation and ecological advantages of cities and counties in Poyang Lake,it determines the reasonable distribution of 8 leading industries:river crabs,shrimps(Procambarus clarkia),eels,Pengze crucian carp,Siniperca chuatsi,Channa argus,Ietalurus Punetaus,and pearl.On the basis of systematically summing up exploration experience,it comes up with the development path"ecology oriented fishery and industrialization oriented ecological fishery"for ecological fishery in Poyang Lake area.It proposes a series of key technological measures,including reducing fertilizer and drugs,increasing output and benefits,low consumption and emission,high quality and safety,and standardization,to realize a benign cycle of"cost saving,benefit increasing,quality improving and low carbon"and the multi-win objective of coordination between ecology,economy and society.

鄱阳湖生态经济区景观生态风险评价及预测

该研究以2000、2010和2020年鄱阳湖生态经济区的土地利用数据为基础,使用基于景观格局的景观生态风险评价模型,分析了2000-2020年其景观生态风险的时空演变特征;使用PLUS模型,结合风险指数质心、标准差椭圆,揭示了2030年不同情景下研究区景观生态风险的空间格局。结果表明:(1)2000-2020年,鄱阳湖生态经济区耕地与林地面积不断减少,建设用地成片扩张;整体景观生态风险呈“中间高,四周低”的分布特征,其中高风险区面积最少,降幅最大(22.99%),总体生态风险呈降低态势。(2)与2020年相比,2030年自然发展情景下,研究区高风险区与较高风险区总面积同比增加30.36%,生态风险级别升高;城镇发展情景下,其高风险区面积同比增长150%,生态风险级别显著提升;生态保护情景下,其较高风险区面积同比下降了27.76%,区域生态风险等级下降明显。(3)相较于自然发展情景,城镇发展情景下研究区各级别生态风险呈扩散分布状态,生态保护情景下呈集聚收缩状态;不同情景下,研究区景观生态风险的质心移动方向多变,反映了生态风险变化的复杂性。研究结果可为鄱阳湖生态经济区及类似地区的生态风险防范及土地利用规划提供理论依据。

Spatio-temporal difference analysis of cultivated land use intensity based on emergy in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone of China

Taking the emergy requirements of the five input indexes as the foundation, this paper analyzes the total temporal and spatial changes in cultivated land use intensity in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone from 2000 to 2010. The results are obtained as follows： （1） Over a period of 10 years, the cultivated land use intensity has increased exponentially in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone; agricultural machinery intensity has been the largest proportion of the total inputs, comprising more than 99.50% and increasing year by year, which indicates that agricultural mechanization is a basic trend in agricultural development in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone. （2） The total number of counties belonging to the moderate- and low- intensity cultivated land use categories is the largest, while the number of counties belonging to the high-intensity cultivated land use and extensive cultivated land use categories is the smallest. （3） This zone can be divided into five areas： an eastern area of high-intensity cultivated land use, a central and eastern area of low-intensity cultivated land use, a central area of low-intensity cultivated land use, a southern area of moderate-intensity cultivated land use, and a northern area of moderate-intensity cultivated land use. （4） The counties which had a coordinated development between cultivated land use intensity and their socio-economic development level increase year by year, and the socio-economic development level had increasingly obvious effects on the cultivated land use intensity. Finally, this paper presents suggestions for the development of cultivated land use intensity in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone, especially for different levels of intensity among counties.

基于RSEI鄱阳湖生态经济区生态质量评价

本文以陆地卫星(Landsat)影像为基础,运用遥感技术提取绿度、湿度、干度和热度四个指标,通过主成分分析方法构建了2002—2022年的鄱阳湖生态经济区遥感生态指数(RSEI),全面评估了该地区生态质量的时空变化。研究表明:2002—2020年,鄱阳湖生态经济区RSEI指数呈增长趋势,大部分区域的RSEI等级为良和优,占比从76.86%提高到了82.46%,变化最明显的地区主要集中在鄱阳湖流域的湖泊湿地。本研究为进一步实现鄱阳湖生态经济区的生态环境和经济的协调发展提供了科学依据。

鄱阳湖国家自主创新示范区研发投入现状及对策研究

研发投入是衡量创新能力的重要指标之一。本文基于2019—2022年鄱阳湖自创区营业收入、科技活动经费支出、R&D经费内部支出、R&D经费内部支出与营业收入之比等指标,对比分析鄱阳湖自创区与江西省内高新区,以及中部地区自创区的研发投入指标,剖析了鄱阳湖自创区研发投入存在的问题,并提出相应对策建议。

Sustainable Livelihood Security in the Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone:Ecologically Secure,Economically Efficient or Socially Equitable?

Sustainable Livelihood Security(SLS)remains a rarely considered yet important issue for rural sustainability and natural resource management.Particularly in China,rural SLS research in a typical area is urgently needed,but insufficient under the background of National Rural Revitalization and Ten-year Fishing Ban of Yangtze River.Focusing on the policy-targeted inland lake area,we proposed a Livelihood Security Analysis(LSA)framework by establishing an adaptive indicator system and integrating multiple econometrical and geographical methods.This study aims to evaluate the SLS in Poyang Lake Eco-economic Zone comprehensively from the three aspects of ecology,economy and society,analyze their spatial patterns,identify the main constraints,and finally give specific suggestions for improving rural sustainability management.The results showed that rural SLS in the inland great lake area tended to be vulnerable mainly due to the lagging economic efficiency and unbalanced social equality,and mediated by regional ecological characteristics.The overall SLS and Ecological Security Index(ESI)were higher in the north and lower in the south,while Economic Efficiency Index(EEI)and Social Equality Index(SEI)were at the middle level and circularly distributed around Nanchang City.The dominating factors which have greatly shaped the spatial pattern of SLS include rural per capita electricity consumption,fishery breeding area,population dependency ratio,urbanization rate,and fishery population.The obstacle degree is ranked as economic system>social system>ecological system.An outdated economy and incomplete social services are the main constraints,characterized by weak electricity consumption,limited beds in hospitals,low urbanization rate,deficient agricultural machinery power,and a small agricultural output value.Therefore,one urgent need is to activate the rural economy by reinforcing rural electric power facilities and promoting agricultural mechanization.In addition,transforming the peasants/fishermen to the non-agricultural sector should be accelerated,which will help to reduce ecological pressure,boost urban-rural integration and narrow the income gap.

鄱阳湖生态经济区生态经济指数评价

大力推进生态文明建设已成为全社会关注的焦点,衡量和评价区域生态经济发展状态是当前研究重点和难点。在借鉴经济增长生态指数及生态效率概念的基础上,运用层次分析法和专家咨询法,构建了包括社会发展、经济增长、生态建设、资源利用和环境保护等5个模块在内的生态经济指数评价指标体系和模型,并将其应用到鄱阳湖生态经济区。结果表明:(1)鄱阳湖生态经济区各县(市、区)生态经济指数差异明显,其中万年县的生态经济指数最高,达到55.74,在研究区中生态经济发展状态最优;瑞昌市的生态经济指数最低,只有28.65,即生态经济发展状态最差;(2)生态经济指数得分较高的经济较发达的县(市、区)在发展生态经济过程中应提高资源利用效率,加大环保力度,加强生态建设;其他地区应将经济增长的速度和质量相结合;(3)生态经济指数得分较低的县(市、区)在发展生态经济的过程中,应在保护环境的前提下,大力发展经济,提高经济发展水平和质量,并努力提高资源利用效率;(4)鄱阳湖生态经济区生态经济指数的总体得分也较低,只有38.37,处于较差水平,需从提高环境保护和资源利用水平入手。最后就生态经济指数评价体系构建方法和存在的问题进行了有益的探讨。

鄱阳湖湿地生态功能重要性分区

在分析鄱阳湖湿地自然环境特征和湿地生态系统服务功能特征基础上,利用G IS技术,对鄱阳湖湿地范围进行界定,湿地面积为3886km2.基于湿地生态环境保护和社会经济发展总体要求,按照生态功能区划原理,对湿地进行生态功能重要性分区研究.根据湿地生态功能重要性评价结果将湿地分为极重要区、高度重要区、重要区、一般重要区四个区域,其面积分别是125km2,1387km2,2064km2和310km2.针对分区结果,文中提出了湿地生态保护对策与建议.

鄱阳湖生态经济区生态系统服务价值预测与驱动力

鄱阳湖生态经济区是我国第一个上升到国家战略的生态经济区。利用鄱阳湖生态经济区2004、2008、2012、2016年的MODIS数据,获得4个对应期的土地利用/覆盖数据,参照修订的单位面积生态系统服务价值当量表与灰色GM(1,1)模型,预测了2016-2024年(间隔2 a)的生态系统服务价值数据,并对引起生态服系统务价值变化的驱动力进行了分析。结果表明,鄱阳湖生态经济区在2004-2016年间,草地、建设用地和未利用地面积增加,耕地、林地、水域面积减少,但2016-2024年的预测值变化率仅为-0.17%,表明该研究区生态系统服务价值即将进入一个相对稳定的状态;驱动力分析表明,人为综合干扰在空间分布上以中等影响强度干扰为主,城镇化率是区域总生态系统服务价值降低的首要驱动力,其次分别为非农业人口、人口密度、第一产业GDP、第二产业GDP、固定资产投资额、总GDP及第三产业GDP。建议加强土地利用规划与调控,控制城镇化建设用地扩展,调整产业结构、降低污染,促进鄱阳湖生态经济区总生态系统服务价值的提升。

鄱阳湖生态经济区A级旅游景区空间结构研究

通过ArcGIS和地理集中系数、基尼系数、洛伦兹曲线等数理方法,对鄱阳湖生态经济区A级旅游景区的空间结构进行了探讨和分析,将2004、2007、2010和2012年4个时间段A级景区的数量进行对比,并将新增景区与交通干线、重要水系进行叠置,动态分析A级景区空间结构的演化规律.研究结果表明:鄱阳湖生态经济区A级旅游景区在空间分布类型上属于集群分布,空间结构上呈多核-边缘结构,等级规模上为纺锤型结构,空间上呈现非均衡的分布态势,时间上呈现沿交通干线和主要水系的演变规律.

鄱阳湖生态经济区主体功能分区研究

研究目的:对鄱阳湖生态经济区划进行主体功能分区为建设"环鄱阳湖生态经济区"、引导空间开发秩序和均衡发展提供决策支持。研究方法:根据《国务院关于编制全国主体功能区规划的意见》所确定的基本原则和方法,利用资源环境承载能力、现有开发密度和发展潜力三个指标,采用因子分析法和聚类分析法。研究结果与结论:将鄱阳湖生态经济区29个基本单元区划为优化开发区、重点开发区、限制开发区和禁止开发区。政府应根据区划结果制定和实施相应的政策,使鄱阳湖生态经济区内社会经济发展与生态环境保护和谐。

鄱阳湖生态经济区耕地利用效率时空差异及其影响因素分析

为了解鄱阳湖生态经济区的耕地利用情况,运用数据包络分析(DEA)方法、GIS技术,以县域为评价单位,建立耕地利用效率评价指标体系,对鄱阳湖生态经济区25个县(市)1999—2010年耕地利用效率进行了测度,并采用Tobit回归模型揭示了耕地利用效率变化的影响因素。结果表明:1999—2010年鄱阳湖生态经济区耕地利用的综合技术效率为0.844,说明耕地利用的整体水平有待提高;综合技术效率受纯技术效率和规模效率的变化影响,但规模效率对其影响更大;鄱阳湖生态经济区各县(市)耕地利用效率存在较大的时空差异性;从耕地利用效率的影响因素来看,各因素对耕地利用效率具有不同方向和不同程度的影响,按从大到小排序是:耕地复种指数>农业政策>乡村人口占总人口比重>单位耕地面积拥有农业机械总动力>农民人均纯收入。研究结果可为鄱阳湖生态经济区耕地资源有效利用,提高耕地利用潜力提供科学依据。

鄱阳湖生态经济区水土资源与经济发展耦合分析及优化路径

研究目的:评价鄱阳湖生态经济区各县市区水土资源承载力与经济发展耦合差异水平,并探讨其耦合优化路径。研究方法:采用信息熵权法确定耦合评价指标体系,并对其量化评估。研究结果:(1)生态经济区耦合协调度差异明显,市区耦合协调度整体水平较高,县域则相对较低;(2)水土资源承载力与经济发展缺乏同步性,市区多为环境滞后性阶段,县域则处于经济滞后阶段;(3)耦合度空间分布以湖滨地区为核心以圈层形式呈现向外逐渐递减趋势;(4)经济滞后区域应选择城镇建设与产业布局策略,环境滞后区应选择适应性管理与生态屏障区构建策略。研究结论:基于资源与经济同步优化策略将为鄱阳湖生态经济区均衡发展提供一种新的研究视角。

鄱阳湖生态经济区土地利用转型热点区域识别及其动力机制研究

识别土地利用转型的热点区域并探究其动力机制可为保护土地生态环境安全提供科技支撑,促进区域经济社会的可持续发展。利用空间热点分析模型探测鄱阳湖生态经济区2000—2014年期间土地利用转型的热点区域,通过典型相关分析定量识别土地利用转型的主导驱动因子,并从供给与需求的经济学视角阐释了土地利用转型的驱动机制。研究表明,(1)滨湖地区2000—2014年发生了剧烈的土地利用转型,耕地、林地、草地、滩地大量向城乡建设用地转化,土地生态面临严重威胁。在距鄱阳湖水面10 km之内,耕地、林地和草地面积分别减少15 740、15 152 hm^2,建设用地面积增加了47 138 hm^2。(2)城市建成区周围及主要道路对土地利用转型具有显著的辐射作用,区内土地利用变化高频区呈现"井"字形空间格局。在距离道路10 km之内,2000—2014年期间土地利用综合动态度由2.765‰衰减至1.059‰。(3)土地利用转型的热点区域数量呈增加趋势,并具有明显的轮换与跃迁特征,基本形成以南昌、九江、景德镇、鹰潭为中心的4个快速转型区。(4)经济、社会发展导致的土地供需矛盾是引发土地利用形态变化的主要动因。亟待建立滨湖生态环境缓冲区,严格控制滨湖地区的土地资源开发利用活动;对土地利用转型的热点区域进行科学规划,通过土地供需调控促进土地资源的集约、高效利用,增加土地经济供给。