Passive Control of Condensation Shock Wave in Prandtl-Meyer Expansion Flow

In this paper,the effects of the passive technique by using the slotted wall on the characteristics of a condensation shock wave generated in a Prandtl-Meyer flow were investigated experimentally.Furthermore,in order to clarify the variation of condensation properties in the flow field.navier-Stoker equations were solved numerically using a 3rd-order MUSCL type TVD finite-difference scheme with a second-order fractional-step for time integration.Baldwin-Lomax odel was used as a turbulence model in the computations.From experimental results,it was found that the shock strength on the slotted wall became weak in compariosn with no passive case(solid wall),and the present passive technique was the most effective when a foot of the condensation shock wave was located at the middle of slotted wall.Furthermore.it was confirmed numerically that the passive technique was also effective for the unsteady condensation shock wave.

Configurations of Shock Regular Reflection by Straight Wedges

We are concerned with the shock regular reflection configurations of unsteady global solutions for a plane shock hitting a symmetric straight wedge.It has been known that patterns of the shock reflection are various and complicated,including the regular and the Mach reflection.Most of the fundamental issues for the shock reflection have not been understood.Recently,there are great progress on the mathematical theory of the shock regular reflection problem,especially for the global existence,uniqueness,and structural stability of solutions.In this paper,we show that there are two more possible configurations of the shock regular reflection besides known four configurations.We also give a brief proof of the global existence of solutions.

停滞压力对超声速二维塞式喷嘴设计的影响

提出了一种新的计算模型用于研究在出口处存在均匀和平行的气流下,燃烧室的停滞压力对超声速二维塞式喷嘴设计的影响。该模型基于真实气体(Real gas,RG)模型,通过使用Berthelot状态方程,考虑了共体积和分子间的相互作用效应。该模型还考虑了分子振动效应,以评估气体在高温下的行为。停滞压力和停滞温度是模型中的重要参数。在边缘,温度和密度是由2个非线性代数方程的分辨率给出的,这些方程由4个复数函数的积分制定。这是由一个新的、强大的和快速的算法完成的,且其他参数由分析关系决定。喷嘴中的气流扩展是Prandtl Meyer型的。喷嘴轮廓通过将喷嘴边缘的膨胀区离散为几个点来确定。马赫数、流动偏差、压力、温度和密度参数是在反演双变量Prandtl Meyer函数后确定的。计算中提出的函数的积分是由30阶的Gauss Legendre求积获得。由于进口和出口部分的气流是单向的,通过计算临界截面比与理论得到的临界截面比的收敛来进行数值控制并验证结果。在这种情况下,喷嘴的轮廓和流动参数,如喷嘴的质量、长度和推力系数,会自动收敛到精确结果。本文提出的新RG模型是对理想气体(Perfect gas,PG)和高温(High temperature,HT)两种模型的概括。后者可以针对低停滞压力进行设计,并不提供任何关于停滞压力变化的信息。因此,如果后者很高,就有必要通过本文的RG模型来修正PG和HT模型所给出的结果。与其他现有的喷嘴,如最小长度喷嘴(Minimum length nozzle,MLN),相比,塞式喷嘴具有更好的性能和设计参数。将本文RG模型应用到空气气流计算中,可对PG和HT模型的塞式喷嘴的质量、长度和推力系数进行校正。

普朗特-迈耶流中湿空气非平衡凝结影响的研究

普朗特-迈耶流是飞行器设计过程中一种重要的基本流动。本文发展了求解湿空气非平衡凝结流动的数值方法,对凸角分别为90°和40°的湿空气来流条件下的普朗特-迈耶流动进行了数值模拟,并且与试验结果进行了对比。90°凸角时,膨胀扇内静压分布的计算值与试验结果吻合良好。40°凸角时,膨胀扇内密度的计算值与试验值吻合良好;随着来流相对湿度的增加,凝结起始位置向上游移动而最大成核率减小。膨胀扇内的湿空气非平衡凝结显著改变了压力、马赫数、温度等参数的分布。

Supersonic Two-Dimensional Minimum Length Nozzle Design at High Temperature. Application for Air

When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heat ratio does not remain constant any more, and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect, its state equation remains always valid, except it will name in more calorically imperfect gas or gas at High Temperature. The goal of this work is to trace the profiles of the supersonic Minimum Length Nozzle with centered expansion when the stagnation temperature is taken into account, lower than the threshold of dissociation of the molecules and to have for each exit Mach number several nozzles shapes by changing the value of the temperature. The method of characteristics is used with a new form of the Prandtl Meyer function at high temperature. The resolution of the obtained equations is done by the second order of fmite differences method by using the predictor corrector algorithm. A study on the error given by the perfect gas model compared to our model is presented. The comparison is made with a calorically perfect gas for goal to give a limit of application of this model. The application is for the air.

火炮后效期内弹底压力预估理论模型研究

火炮后效期内弹丸在膛口高压火药燃气的作用下发生扰动,进而影响其外弹道特性。为提高射表的精准性并优化弹丸设计,开展了后效期内弹底压力的研究。针对传统计算流体力学(CFD)仿真耗时过长的不足,基于普朗特-迈耶膨胀波关系及等熵流动,建立后效期内弹底压力预估理论模型,并提出压力边界估计的修正模型。以某射击试验中测得的膛口数据为例进行仿真分析,将该模型与CFD三维模型仿真结果进行对比。结果表明:所提模型仿真结果与CFD模型仿真结果相差很小,但计算耗时显著减小,由约1. 5 h减小为不到1 s;研究成果为火控系统所需外弹道参数可提供一种快速计算方法,为射表编制和弹丸合理设计可提供理论参考依据。

Effect of Stagnation Temperature on the Supersonic Two-Dimensional Plug Nozzle Conception. Application for Air

When the stagnation temperature of a perfect gas increases, the specific heats and their ratio do not remain constant any more and start to vary with this temperature. The gas remains perfect, its state equation remains always valid, except it will name in more calorically imperfect gas or gas at High Temperature. The goal of this research is to trace the profiles of the supersonic plug nozzle when this stagnation temperature is taken into account, lower than the threshold of dissociation of the molecules, by using the new formula of the Prandtl Meyer function, and to have for each exit Mach number, several nozzles shapes by changing the value of this temperature. A study on the error given by the PG （perfect gas） model compared to our model at high temperature is presented. The comparison is made with the case of a calorically perfect gas aiming to give a limit of application of this model. The application is for the air.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION FOR DYNAMIC INITIAL SHOCK PARAMETERS OF COUPLING CHARGE ON BOREHOLE WALL UNDER THE ACTION OF HIGH EXPLOSIVES

According to detonation theory and hydrodynamic principle, a physical model has been set up in this paper. Based on the model a methodology for calculating dynamic initial shock parameters such as shock pressure pm shock wave velosity Dm etc. of coupling charge on borehole wall has ben developed. The shock parameters have been calculated when high explosives works on granite, limestone and marble respectively. The magnitude of every parameter on borehole wall has been obtained from ignited dot to the end of borehole along axial direction. Some important conclusions are also gained.

基于黎曼不变量的P-M流动边界条件分析

P-M(Prandtl-Mayer)流动是一种基本的二维定常超声速平面无旋流动,未引入黎曼不变量时,其特征线理论或传统的Prandtl-Meyer膨胀波求解过程都没有直观显示出壁面边界条件对流场参数的影响方式和途径.本文从流线坐标系下的二维定常气体动力学方程和无旋条件出发,直观地得到了蕴涵壁面边界条件的两个黎曼不变量,通过分析两个黎曼不变量沿流场不同特征线族的携带和传播,详细阐明了初始条件和边界条件对P-M流场参数的影响过程.得到了固壁边界上每一点对流场参数皆有影响,且这种影响是沿该点发出的特征线通过黎曼不变量传播到流场内部的直观结论.