Objective To explore the interactions between pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI) and age on offspring neuropsychological development from 1 to 24 months in China.Methods In this birth cohort study, a total of 2,253 mo...Objective To explore the interactions between pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI) and age on offspring neuropsychological development from 1 to 24 months in China.Methods In this birth cohort study, a total of 2,253 mother-child pairs were enrolled in Tianjin, China,between July 2015 and May 2018. The China Developmental Scale for Children was used to assess developmental quotient(DQ) of children aged from 1 to 24 months.Results Mixed-models analysis revealed significant age × pre-pregnancy BMI interactions for total DQ and five neurobehavioral domains(gross motor, fine motor, adaptive, language, and social;P < 0.001).Age × pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2 was associated with a negative effect on total DQ and five neurobehavioral domains, as compared to pre-pregnancy BMI < 25 kg/m^2(P < 0.01). Multiple comparisons showed pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2 of mothers had a positive effect on child total DQ at the age of 1 month but a negative effect at 24 months(P < 0.05).Conclusions This study supported the age × pre-pregnancy BMI interaction on offspring neuropsychological development. It also revealed a short-term positive impact of high pre-pregnancy BMI on neuropsychological development at 1 month of age, but a long-term negative effect(from 1 to24 months).展开更多
Bonding fiber reinforced polymer （FRP） has been commonly used to improve the seismic behavior of circular reinforced concrete （RC） columns in engineering practice. However, FRP jackets have a significant stress hy...Bonding fiber reinforced polymer （FRP） has been commonly used to improve the seismic behavior of circular reinforced concrete （RC） columns in engineering practice. However, FRP jackets have a significant stress hysteresis effect in this strengthening method, and pre-tensioning the FRP can overcome this problem. This paper presents test results of 25 circular RC columns strengthened with pre-stressed FRP strips under low cyclic loading. The pre-stressing of the FRP strips, types of FRP strips and longitudinal reinforcement, axial load ratio, pre-damage degree and surface treatments of the specimens are considered as the primary factors in the tests. According to the failure modes and hysteresis curves of the specimens, these factors are analyzed to investigate their effect on bearing capacity, ductility, hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation capacity and other important seismic behaviors. The results show that the initial lateral confined stress provided by pre-stressed FRP strips can effectively inhibit the emergence and development of diagonal shear cracks, and change the failure modes of specimens from brittle shear failure to bending or bending-shear failure with better ductility. As a result, the bearing capacity, ductility, energy dissipation capacity and deformation capacity of the strengthened specimens are all significantly improved.展开更多
Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall wel...Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in KNUST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the knowledge level of KNUST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of knowledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, KNUST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of knowledge on orthodontic treatments have a keen interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapy has attracted the attention of scientists and clinicians around the world.Basic and pre-clinical experimental studies have highlighted the positive effects of MSC treatment after spin...Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapy has attracted the attention of scientists and clinicians around the world.Basic and pre-clinical experimental studies have highlighted the positive effects of MSC treatment after spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury.These effects are believed to be due to their ability to differentiate into other cell lineages,modulate inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses,reduce cell apoptosis,secrete several neurotrophic factors and respond to tissue injury,among others.There are many pre-clinical studies on MSC treatment for spinal cord injury(SCI)and peripheral nerve injuries.However,the same is not true for clinical trials,particularly those concerned with nerve trauma,indicating the necessity of more well-constructed studies showing the benefits that cell therapy can provide for individuals suffering the consequences of nerve lesions.As for clinical trials for SCI treatment the results obtained so far are not as beneficial as those described in experimental studies.For these reasons basic and pre-clinical studies dealing with MSC therapy should emphasize the standardization of protocols that could be translated to the clinical set with consistent and positive outcomes.This review is based on pre-clinical studies and clinical trials available in the literature from 2010 until now.At the time of writing this article there were 43 and 36 pre-clinical and 19 and 1 clinical trials on injured spinal cord and peripheral nerves,respectively.展开更多
Bridges, especially highway bridges, are a key factor in nations’ development and flourish. Thus, great care should be taken to maintain and inspect their safety and serviceability. An immediate repair will prevent t...Bridges, especially highway bridges, are a key factor in nations’ development and flourish. Thus, great care should be taken to maintain and inspect their safety and serviceability. An immediate repair will prevent the loss of life and vehicles damage while crossing underpass and overpassing the heavy deteriorated bridges. Reinforced or pre-stressed concrete bridge girders become structurally deficient because of severed reasons including, increasing in the load requirements, corrosion of pre-stressing strands or reinforcement bars and collision of over-height trucks with the bulb of the concrete girders. The purpose of this case study is to evaluate and assess the damages of the highway bridges in Jordan. Since there is no mandatory program in Jordan for inspection of bridges and evaluating their conditions, this paper presents an inspection and assessment of two highway bridges along the desert highway which is the essential nerve connecting Jordan cities, and it also serves as an international road between many middle east countries. These two Bridges have never been investigated or checked since their construction in the late 1980s. The study results showed that the main factor causing the deterioration of these bridges is the collision of the over-height trucks with their elements. Relying on the collected data, solutions and repair methods were introduced to rehabilitate these bridges and assure their structural safety.展开更多
目的探讨前列腺健康指数(prostate health index,PHI)及其衍生指标在前列腺多参数核磁中PI-RADS-3病变的前列腺癌中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析石家庄市人民医院2019至2022年204例前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测值异常病并行超声引导下前列...目的探讨前列腺健康指数(prostate health index,PHI)及其衍生指标在前列腺多参数核磁中PI-RADS-3病变的前列腺癌中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析石家庄市人民医院2019至2022年204例前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测值异常病并行超声引导下前列腺活检的患者数据,将155例良性前列腺增生的患者作为良性前列腺增生组,49例前列腺癌患者作为前列腺癌组。收集2组患者临床数据,利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价不同亚组中总前列腺特异性抗原(TPSA)、游离/总前列腺特异性抗原(%fPSA)、PHI、前列腺健康指数密度(PHID)和总前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)对于前列腺癌的诊断价值。结果49例患有前列腺癌中81.63%的病例诊断为临床显著性前列腺癌(csPCa)。2组年龄、前列腺体积(PV)、TPSA和PSAD差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前2肽前列腺特异性抗原(p2PSA)、PHI和PHID比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与TPSA相比,PHI(AUC=0.786,95%CI:0.705~0.867)和PHID(AUC=0.763,95%CI:0.684~0.843)是前列腺癌更好的预测指标。TPSA、%fPSA、p2PSA、PHI、PHID和PSAD区域在csPCa组的ROC曲线面积分别为0.587、0.650、0.696、0.823、0.796和0.614。所有参数中PHI和PHID对于前列腺癌的预测结果最准确。结论在PI-RADS-3病变的情况下,相较于传统指标,前列腺健康指数及其衍生指标为前列腺癌的检出提供了最佳的诊断价值。展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No.81472967 and No.81602849]Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST [No.2017QNRC001]
文摘Objective To explore the interactions between pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI) and age on offspring neuropsychological development from 1 to 24 months in China.Methods In this birth cohort study, a total of 2,253 mother-child pairs were enrolled in Tianjin, China,between July 2015 and May 2018. The China Developmental Scale for Children was used to assess developmental quotient(DQ) of children aged from 1 to 24 months.Results Mixed-models analysis revealed significant age × pre-pregnancy BMI interactions for total DQ and five neurobehavioral domains(gross motor, fine motor, adaptive, language, and social;P < 0.001).Age × pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2 was associated with a negative effect on total DQ and five neurobehavioral domains, as compared to pre-pregnancy BMI < 25 kg/m^2(P < 0.01). Multiple comparisons showed pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^2 of mothers had a positive effect on child total DQ at the age of 1 month but a negative effect at 24 months(P < 0.05).Conclusions This study supported the age × pre-pregnancy BMI interaction on offspring neuropsychological development. It also revealed a short-term positive impact of high pre-pregnancy BMI on neuropsychological development at 1 month of age, but a long-term negative effect(from 1 to24 months).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51178029 State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering at Tongji University under Grant No.SLDRCE08-MB-01
文摘Bonding fiber reinforced polymer （FRP） has been commonly used to improve the seismic behavior of circular reinforced concrete （RC） columns in engineering practice. However, FRP jackets have a significant stress hysteresis effect in this strengthening method, and pre-tensioning the FRP can overcome this problem. This paper presents test results of 25 circular RC columns strengthened with pre-stressed FRP strips under low cyclic loading. The pre-stressing of the FRP strips, types of FRP strips and longitudinal reinforcement, axial load ratio, pre-damage degree and surface treatments of the specimens are considered as the primary factors in the tests. According to the failure modes and hysteresis curves of the specimens, these factors are analyzed to investigate their effect on bearing capacity, ductility, hysteretic behavior, energy dissipation capacity and other important seismic behaviors. The results show that the initial lateral confined stress provided by pre-stressed FRP strips can effectively inhibit the emergence and development of diagonal shear cracks, and change the failure modes of specimens from brittle shear failure to bending or bending-shear failure with better ductility. As a result, the bearing capacity, ductility, energy dissipation capacity and deformation capacity of the strengthened specimens are all significantly improved.
文摘Background: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. Knowledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-being. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in KNUST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the knowledge level of KNUST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of knowledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large number having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, KNUST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of knowledge on orthodontic treatments have a keen interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.
文摘Mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapy has attracted the attention of scientists and clinicians around the world.Basic and pre-clinical experimental studies have highlighted the positive effects of MSC treatment after spinal cord and peripheral nerve injury.These effects are believed to be due to their ability to differentiate into other cell lineages,modulate inflammatory and immunomodulatory responses,reduce cell apoptosis,secrete several neurotrophic factors and respond to tissue injury,among others.There are many pre-clinical studies on MSC treatment for spinal cord injury(SCI)and peripheral nerve injuries.However,the same is not true for clinical trials,particularly those concerned with nerve trauma,indicating the necessity of more well-constructed studies showing the benefits that cell therapy can provide for individuals suffering the consequences of nerve lesions.As for clinical trials for SCI treatment the results obtained so far are not as beneficial as those described in experimental studies.For these reasons basic and pre-clinical studies dealing with MSC therapy should emphasize the standardization of protocols that could be translated to the clinical set with consistent and positive outcomes.This review is based on pre-clinical studies and clinical trials available in the literature from 2010 until now.At the time of writing this article there were 43 and 36 pre-clinical and 19 and 1 clinical trials on injured spinal cord and peripheral nerves,respectively.
文摘Bridges, especially highway bridges, are a key factor in nations’ development and flourish. Thus, great care should be taken to maintain and inspect their safety and serviceability. An immediate repair will prevent the loss of life and vehicles damage while crossing underpass and overpassing the heavy deteriorated bridges. Reinforced or pre-stressed concrete bridge girders become structurally deficient because of severed reasons including, increasing in the load requirements, corrosion of pre-stressing strands or reinforcement bars and collision of over-height trucks with the bulb of the concrete girders. The purpose of this case study is to evaluate and assess the damages of the highway bridges in Jordan. Since there is no mandatory program in Jordan for inspection of bridges and evaluating their conditions, this paper presents an inspection and assessment of two highway bridges along the desert highway which is the essential nerve connecting Jordan cities, and it also serves as an international road between many middle east countries. These two Bridges have never been investigated or checked since their construction in the late 1980s. The study results showed that the main factor causing the deterioration of these bridges is the collision of the over-height trucks with their elements. Relying on the collected data, solutions and repair methods were introduced to rehabilitate these bridges and assure their structural safety.
文摘目的探讨前列腺健康指数(prostate health index,PHI)及其衍生指标在前列腺多参数核磁中PI-RADS-3病变的前列腺癌中的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析石家庄市人民医院2019至2022年204例前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测值异常病并行超声引导下前列腺活检的患者数据,将155例良性前列腺增生的患者作为良性前列腺增生组,49例前列腺癌患者作为前列腺癌组。收集2组患者临床数据,利用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价不同亚组中总前列腺特异性抗原(TPSA)、游离/总前列腺特异性抗原(%fPSA)、PHI、前列腺健康指数密度(PHID)和总前列腺特异性抗原密度(PSAD)对于前列腺癌的诊断价值。结果49例患有前列腺癌中81.63%的病例诊断为临床显著性前列腺癌(csPCa)。2组年龄、前列腺体积(PV)、TPSA和PSAD差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前2肽前列腺特异性抗原(p2PSA)、PHI和PHID比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与TPSA相比,PHI(AUC=0.786,95%CI:0.705~0.867)和PHID(AUC=0.763,95%CI:0.684~0.843)是前列腺癌更好的预测指标。TPSA、%fPSA、p2PSA、PHI、PHID和PSAD区域在csPCa组的ROC曲线面积分别为0.587、0.650、0.696、0.823、0.796和0.614。所有参数中PHI和PHID对于前列腺癌的预测结果最准确。结论在PI-RADS-3病变的情况下,相较于传统指标,前列腺健康指数及其衍生指标为前列腺癌的检出提供了最佳的诊断价值。
