Live donor kidney transplantation(LDKT)is the optimal treatment modality for end stage renal disease(ESRD),enhancing patient and graft survival.Pre-emptive LDKT,prior to requirement for renal replacement therapy(RRT),...Live donor kidney transplantation(LDKT)is the optimal treatment modality for end stage renal disease(ESRD),enhancing patient and graft survival.Pre-emptive LDKT,prior to requirement for renal replacement therapy(RRT),provides further advantages,due to uraemia and dialysis avoidance.There are a number of potential barriers and opportunities to promoting pre-emptive LDKT.Significant infrastructure is needed to deliver robust programmes,which varies based on socio-economic standards.National frameworks can impact on national prioritisation of pre-emptive LDKT and supporting education programmes.Focus on other programme’s components,including deceased kidney transplantation and RRT,can also hamper uptake.LDKT programmes are designed to provide maximal benefit to the recipient,which is specifically true for pre-emptive transplantation.Health care providers need to be educated to maximize early LDKT referral.Equitable access for varying population groups,without socioeconomic bias,also requires prioritisation.Cultural barriers,including religious influence,also need consideration in developing successful outcomes.In addition,the benefit of pre-emptive LDKT needs to be emphasised,and opportunities provided to potential donors,to ensure timely and safe work-up processes.Recipient education and preparation for pre-emptive LDKT needs to ensure increased uptake.Awareness of the benefits of pre-emptive transplantation require prioritisation for this population group.We recommend an approach where patients approaching ESRD are referred early to pre-transplant clinics facilitating early discussion regarding pre-emptive LDKT and potential donors for LDKT are prioritized for work-up to ensure success.Education regarding preemptive LDKT should be the norm for patients approaching ESRD,appropriate for the patient’s cultural needs and physical status.Pre-emptive transplantation maximize benefit to potential recipients,with the potential to occur within successful service delivery.To fully embrace preemptive transplantation as the norm,investment in infrastructure,increased awareness,and donor and recipient support is required.展开更多
A multimedia channel allocation scheme is proposed and studied in terms of the connection-level QoS.A new traffic model based on multidimensional Markov chain is developed considering the traffic characteristic of two...A multimedia channel allocation scheme is proposed and studied in terms of the connection-level QoS.A new traffic model based on multidimensional Markov chain is developed considering the traffic characteristic of two special periods of time.And the pre-emptive priority strategies are used to classify real-time services and non-real-time services.Real-time service is given higher priority for its allowance to pre-empt channels used by non-real-time service.Considering the mobility of persons in a day,which affects the mobile user's density,the simulation was conducted involving the two pre-emptive priority strategies.The result of some comparisons shows the feasibility of the proposed scheme.展开更多
文摘Live donor kidney transplantation(LDKT)is the optimal treatment modality for end stage renal disease(ESRD),enhancing patient and graft survival.Pre-emptive LDKT,prior to requirement for renal replacement therapy(RRT),provides further advantages,due to uraemia and dialysis avoidance.There are a number of potential barriers and opportunities to promoting pre-emptive LDKT.Significant infrastructure is needed to deliver robust programmes,which varies based on socio-economic standards.National frameworks can impact on national prioritisation of pre-emptive LDKT and supporting education programmes.Focus on other programme’s components,including deceased kidney transplantation and RRT,can also hamper uptake.LDKT programmes are designed to provide maximal benefit to the recipient,which is specifically true for pre-emptive transplantation.Health care providers need to be educated to maximize early LDKT referral.Equitable access for varying population groups,without socioeconomic bias,also requires prioritisation.Cultural barriers,including religious influence,also need consideration in developing successful outcomes.In addition,the benefit of pre-emptive LDKT needs to be emphasised,and opportunities provided to potential donors,to ensure timely and safe work-up processes.Recipient education and preparation for pre-emptive LDKT needs to ensure increased uptake.Awareness of the benefits of pre-emptive transplantation require prioritisation for this population group.We recommend an approach where patients approaching ESRD are referred early to pre-transplant clinics facilitating early discussion regarding pre-emptive LDKT and potential donors for LDKT are prioritized for work-up to ensure success.Education regarding preemptive LDKT should be the norm for patients approaching ESRD,appropriate for the patient’s cultural needs and physical status.Pre-emptive transplantation maximize benefit to potential recipients,with the potential to occur within successful service delivery.To fully embrace preemptive transplantation as the norm,investment in infrastructure,increased awareness,and donor and recipient support is required.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60372076)
文摘A multimedia channel allocation scheme is proposed and studied in terms of the connection-level QoS.A new traffic model based on multidimensional Markov chain is developed considering the traffic characteristic of two special periods of time.And the pre-emptive priority strategies are used to classify real-time services and non-real-time services.Real-time service is given higher priority for its allowance to pre-empt channels used by non-real-time service.Considering the mobility of persons in a day,which affects the mobile user's density,the simulation was conducted involving the two pre-emptive priority strategies.The result of some comparisons shows the feasibility of the proposed scheme.
