Analysis of the Effect of Humanistic Care in the Process of Pre-Hospital Emergency Care

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of humanistic care in pre-hospital emergency care.Methods:From April 2020 to January 2021,80 pre-hospital emergency patients were studied.The patients were randomly divided into two groups:a control group(n=40),which received conventional care,and an experimental group(n=40),which received humanistic care.The effects of nursing care and psychological state were compared between the two groups.Results:The experimental group showed better nursing outcomes and a more positive psychological state compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Humanistic care in pre-hospital emergency settings is more effective in reducing patients’anxiety and depression,enhancing the operational abilities and service attitudes of nursing staff,and increasing the emergency success rate.

Current pre-hospital traumatic brain injury management in China

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury(TBI) is associated with most trauma-related deaths. Secondary brain injury is the leading cause of in-hospital deaths after traumatic brain injury. By early prevention and slowing of the initial pathophysiological mechanism of secondary brain injury, prehospital service can signifi cantly reduce case-fatality rates of TBI. In China, the incidence of TBI is increasing and the proportion of severe TBI is much higher than that in other countries. The objective of this paper is to review the pre-hospital management of TBI in China.DATA SOURCES: A literature search was conducted in January 2014 using the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI). Articles on the assessment and treatment of TBI in pre-hospital settings practiced by Chinese doctors were identified. The information on the assessment and treatment of hypoxemia, hypotension, and brain herniation was extracted from the identifi ed articles.RESULTS: Of the 471 articles identified, 65 met the selection criteria. The existing literature indicated that current practices of pre-hospital TBI management in China were sub-optimal and varied considerably across different regions.CONCLUSION: Since pre-hospital care is the weakest part of Chinese emergency care, appropriate training programs on pre-hospital TBI management are urgently needed in China.

Overview of the Shenzhen Emergency Medical Service Call Pattern

BACKGROUND：In Shenzhen, the Emergency Medical Service （EMS） system has been in service since 1997. This study aims to examine the operation of Shenzhen 120 EMS center and to identify the reasons of calling EMS.BACKGROUND：In this retrospective quantitative descriptive study, the data from the Shenzhen 120 EMS registry in 2011 were analyzed.RESULTS：Shenzhen 120 EMS center is a communication command center. When the number of 120 are dialed, it is forwarded to the closest appropriate hospital for ambulance dispatch. In 2011, the Shenzhen 120 EMS center received 153 160 ambulance calls, with an average of 420 calls per day. Calling emergency services was mainly due to traffic accidents. Trauma and other acute diseases constituted a majority of ambulance transports. The adult patients aged 15-60 years are the principal users of EMS. There are no recognized ＇paramedic＇ doctors and nurses. The pre-hospital emergency service is under the operation of emergency departments of hospitals. Shenzhen at present does not have specialized pre-hospital training for doctors and nurses in posttrauma management. Moreover, specialized pre-hospital training, financial support, and public health education on proper use of EMS should be emphasized.CONCLUSION：The Shenzhen 120 EMS center has its own epidemiology characteristics. Traumatic injury and traffic accident are the main reasons for calling ambulance service. In-depth study emphasizing the distribution and characteristics of trauma patients is crucial to the future development of EMS.

Feasibility study of emergency intervention for vascular injury outside the hospital

Background: Minimally invasive surgery in the field of traumatic vascular injury diagnosis and treatment has achieved good results. This study was designed to determine whether pre-hospital emergency intervention is feasible for vascular injury in a field intervention cabin under the condition of war or a disaster site.Methods: Different types of animal experiments of vascular injury intervention were performed in a field intervention cabin. Treatment capacity was evaluated by data collection, including duration of surgery, clinical evaluation, image clarity, and equipment handling. Environmental adaptability and mobility were evaluated by maneuverability and long-distance mobility.Results: A total of 56 surgeries(7 types) were performed in the field intervention cabin. Digital subtraction angiography(DSA) had good imaging performance. A total of 4800 km of long-distance mobility was performed, and all the equipment operated normally without any equipment failure. We participated in the medical service maneuver twice. The cabin unfolded and worked properly. There was no equipment damage during the medical service maneuver.Conclusion: Use of a field intervention cabin under the conditions of war or disaster is feasible for pre-hospital emergency intervention of vascular injury.

Exploration of “Integrated Emerging Engineering” Applied Talent Training Mode for Landscape Architecture

Under the background of national promotion of innovation-driven development and Hubei Provincial Department of Education’s proposal to adjust and optimize the layout of higher education disciplines and specialties to serve Hubei as an important strategic pivot for the rise of central region,and based on the regional advantages of Yichang in the urban agglomeration of “Yichang,Jingzhou,Jingmen and Enshi” and the discipline characteristics and construction process of landscape architecture,the exploration and practice of “integrated emerging engineering” talent training mode of landscape architecture in College of Science and Technology of China Three Gorges University are comprehensively summarized from the aspects of teaching system construction,teaching staff construction,curriculum ideological and political construction,service industry and locality,deepening integration of production and education,transformation of scientific research achievements,and second classroom construction,in order to provide a reference for the training of emerging engineering talents in colleges and universities.

医疗卫生领域应急语言人才的差异化培养初探

被世界卫生组织定义为“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”的出现频率越来越高,引发全球关注。在应对这些事件的过程中,应急语言在医疗卫生服务、抗疫物资分配、抗疫信息、数据交流与共享、行政指令的贯彻落实,以及大众心理安抚等工作中具有专业技术和专业设备都无法替代的作用。应急语言已成为影响国际关注的突发公共卫生事件应急处置效果的核心影响因素之一。但应急语言人才培养在全球范围内都呈现滞后状态,特别是针对医学专业和外语专业学生的差异化培养方面缺乏系统的研究和实践。基于多年的医学英语教育实践,本研究中提出了针对医疗卫生领域应急语言人才的差异化培养框架,旨在为医学生和外语专业学生提供分别适应其专业需求的核心知识、机器辅助翻译能力和应急语言协调能力的培训体系,以期后续通过缜密的教学设计逐步将这些培训内容嵌入医学院校各相关专业的外语教学之中。在教学中逐步完善医疗卫生应急人才培养基本框架,形成应急医学外语人才培养的长效运行机制和实施方案,为医疗卫生应急管理培养实用型应急语言人才,推动中国应急语言服务的制度建设。

“大应急”背景下应用型本科一流课程建设探索——以传感与检测技术课程为例

针对我国“大应急”背景下应用型本科传感与检测技术一流课程建设,依据应急行业人才培养目标重构传感与检测技术课程目标,深入发掘融合课程思政元素,开展多场域、跨学科课堂教学。该文引入创新型、探索性多层次实践教学,以“学习效果为中心”,完善课程考评体系,为应急行业应用型本科一流课程建设积累有益经验。

基于EIP-CDIO理念的地方高校工科人才培养多维路径研究

在新工科建设背景下,地方高校人才培养面临着新的挑战与机遇。针对当前地方高校人才培养理念转变慢,人才知识体系构建学科交叉性不足,培养途径单一化的现状,该文基于EIP-CDIO理念关联性、集成化、应用性等特性,实现与新工科建设的逻辑建构,为地方高校工科人才培养提供理论基础和有益借鉴。该文提出在EIP-CDIO理念指导下推进地方高校工科人才培养模式改革的策略,明确指出地方高校应立足本地经济建设需求,明确培养目标、优化培养体系,坚持校企合作培养、实践协同育人,改革课程思政、强化人才能力,紧扣特色育人、构建培养格局,完善评价体系、反馈培养质量,探索适合自身发展特点和社会需求的多维工科人才培养模式和路径。

“数、法、编、视”四位一体教学模式的探索

为了顺应新工科背景下人才培养模式的革新趋势,着眼于培育面向未来工业4.0的创新研究型人才,特别针对“数值分析”课程,提出了“数、法、编、视”四位一体教学模式的改革方案。通过实际的案例引导教学进程,逐步推演数值计算方法,并将其融入程序设计实践中,进而展示可视化操作界面,以此激发学生的学习兴趣。同时,坚持理论与实践紧密结合的教育理念,构建了“数、法、编、视”四位一体的综合型人才培养模式。该模式将为工科学生提升解决实际复杂工程问题的能力提供有力支撑,同时为其他相关专业课程的教育教学改革提供参考与借鉴。

新工科背景下基于数据驱动的数学建模课程教学模式改革与实践

该文以数学建模课程为引领,以适应大数据驱动的创新人才培养的社会需求为抓手,从课程育人目标、模块化高阶提升的教学内容体系构建,以赛促学的数学建模科研训练体系构建、多维度教学模式改革等方面探讨数学建模课程教学改革与实践。强化数据驱动,提升建模能力,扩充交叉能力,将数学建模思想、数据思维深度融入数学建模教学改革,为数学建模优化创新人才培养模式提供新的途径和方法。

知识图谱助力的本研贯通拔尖人才培养探索

坚持科技创新是实施国家重大发展战略、破解“卡脖子”难题、推动高质量发展的必由之路,而加快新工科紧缺拔尖人才培养则是推动科技创新的重要途径。当前,本研贯通一体化拔尖人才培养实践仍处于探索阶段,缺乏个性化培养,难以做到因材施教,培养效率和质量较低。借助以数字化知识图谱为核心的认知智能技术,积极探索本研贯通拔尖人才培养模式,从本研课程衔接、科创训练、跨学科教育,到科学公平的人才选拔,再到个性化培养,展开全方位探讨。在拔尖人才培养中取得初步探索成果,为进一步提升和实施本研贯通教育提供重要参考。

面向未来的材料科学与工程专业方向凝练——基于对大湾区人才需求的思考

以新工科人才培养目标为指引,针对现有人才培养体系特色不鲜明、与行业发展脱节的问题,构建凸显材料科学与工程专业和新能源、半导体学科交叉的特色课程体系,将现有培养方案中同新能源材料与器件、半导体材料与器件等学科方向相关的专业必修课和选修课内容相融合,形成专业核心课程特色模块。由此,在教学内容上强化该专业的工科特色方向,引导学生根据专业兴趣进行学习,确保学生在特色专业领域掌握深厚的理论基础。通过跨学科的课程设计培养学生的综合能力,以满足新能源和半导体行业对复合型人才的需求。

多维度校企合作实现复合型拔尖创新人才自主培养

党的二十大报告对“着力造就拔尖创新人才”提出要求。新工科建设强调要培养适应和引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革的卓越工程科技人才。围绕这个目标,华中科技大学生命科学与技术学院从多个维度强化校企合作培养,将产业变革中对拔尖创新人才培养的实际需要精准融入高校新工科复合型人才培养体系,坚持“四个面向”,探索和实践以解决复杂问题为牵引的拔尖创新人才自主培养新模式。

面向国家需求的应急技术与管理专业人才培养体系研究

为推动高校应急技术及管理专业建设、加强应急救援人才培养,基于国家应急需求明确专业定位,从职业道德素养、理论知识体系、实践技术能力等方面,提出应急技术与管理专业人才培养模式。首先,参考《应急救援技术专业教学标准》和《应急救援员国家职业技能标准》中的职业道德要求,确定专业职业素养;其次,从应急管理预防、准备、响应、恢复(PPRR)模型出发,构建覆盖应急管理全周期的专业核心课程体系;然后,提出学训结合、政产研融合,共同推进应急技能培养和实践创新能力提升;最后,从教材建设、师资队伍、培养质量监控、人才考核体系、持续改进机制等方面,构建人才培养质量保障体系。结果表明:结合应急技术与管理专业的公共服务和社会责任属性、全周期工作内容和全灾种、多主体实际应用,构建人才培养体系,可以建立专业人才培养与实务工作需求之间的紧密联系,为培养德才兼备、理论与实践并重的应急领域高层次应用型人才提供借鉴。

技术文明时代哲学本科拔尖创新人才培养转向

哲学的建设和发展以及哲学家的培养是新文科建设的核心和关键。技术文明时代比以往任何时代更需要哲学家。百年来,中西若干哲学家的学缘和知识结构中科学、技术的鲜明痕迹及其哲思已现端倪,哲学家的知识结构需要不同以往。哲学的转向提示哲学本科教育也需转向。牛津大学等多所世界一流大学哲学专业群提供了方向启发,哲学应成为某种轴心,动态地与技术、自然科学等诸学科应合。“应合”区别于“拼盘”与“跨学科”,成为高等教育课程论中一个新概念。应建设以哲学为轴心的、具有应合特征的专业群,将学生带至技术和科学前沿发问;重视课程元素、辅修/双学位、微专业、第二学士学位在丰富学生知识结构中技术与科学知识的作用,为哲学家涌现构造环境,让更多哲学家“冒”出来。

新工科背景下地方性院校本硕博贯通培养模式探究

国家发展战略对创新型人才提出了新的需求,新工科推进驱动着高校人才培养模式的不断革新。本硕博贯通的创新人才培养模式正是适应高层次人才培养工作新要求而提出的。分析了国内现有本硕博贯通培养的现状,阐述了目前存在的问题,针对地方性院校进一步提出了如何做好本硕博教育贯通培养,从明确培养目标、优化培养机制与课程管理、加大科研引导、关注国际视野等方面提出了改进措施。

新质生产力引领应用型高校新兴交叉学科建设的逻辑与机制

推动新质生产力的发展为应用型高校的改革确立了新目标、布置了新任务、开辟了新赛道,新质生产力的发展成为新兴交叉学科建设的方向,为新兴交叉学科建设提供逻辑指引。新质生产力引领应用型高校新兴交叉学科建设的实现机制为:加强顶层设计,完善新兴交叉学科建设的体制机制;强化科技创新,实现以新兴产业应用为导向的创新突破;坚持立德树人根本任务,提升复合型、应用型、创新型人才自主培养质量;创新服务模式,增强服务区域经济社会发展的靶向性。

“一体化、两协同、四融合”新农科复合应用型人才培养体系的构建与实践——以浙江农林大学为例

乡村振兴战略背景下,培养新农科复合应用型人才,是适应时代变革趋势、深化新农科建设和打破人才培养藩篱的迫切需要。针对当前存在的教学资源整合创新力不够、人才培养和社会需求离散度高、专业人才内涵发展力不强等现实问题,浙江农林大学探索构建了“一体化、两协同、四融合”新农科复合应用型人才培养体系,通过推动学科专业一体化发展,激活校地、校企联合办学活力,深化跨学科专业交叉融合、专业教育与双创教育融合、教学与科研相长融合、专业教育与课程思政、劳动教育融合发展等,打造知农爱农复合应用型卓越农科新才,为新时代农林人才培养改革提供参考。

新工科背景下矿井通风与安全课程教学体系建设与实践

为实现矿山安全生产领域新工科人才培养目标,分析传统课程教学体系存在的问题,分别从课程知识架构、课程内容、课程教学模式、教学团队建设4个方面进行全面改革,构建以“一核三维”递进式课程教学知识架构、教学内容“三同步”建设路径、“信息化—实景化”两融教学模式、“教研共融”教学团队为一体的新工科背景下矿井通风与安全课程教学体系。结果表明:该体系建设可增强学生实践创新能力,提升教师科研水平,有助于提高矿山安全生产复合型人才的培养质量。

护理应急队伍常态化培训的设计与实践

在全球突发公共卫生事件频发和国家卫生健康委要求加强卫生应急人才培养的背景下,浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院对护理应急队伍进行常态化培训。通过建立护理应急人才准入标准、模块化的培训内容、线上线下相结合的培训方式、综合性的考核,对230名队员进行首次8个月培训和后期2年的常态化培训及实践。2020年首次培训的队员考核成绩:传染病知识模块平均得分95.80分,医院感染管理模块平均得分98.30分,重症护理模块平均得分95.12分,急诊创伤护理模块平均得分95.02分,身心赋能模块平均得分92.45分,应急演练考核共完成12个学时,通过率100%;该护理应急队伍成为应对公共卫生突发事件院内外救援的“主力军”,也成为急诊群体事件应对的第一梯队成员。