Random behavior of concrete C45/55 XF2 used for prefabricated pre-stressed bridge beams is described on the basis of evaluating a vast set of measurements. A detailed statistical analysis is carried out on 133 test re...Random behavior of concrete C45/55 XF2 used for prefabricated pre-stressed bridge beams is described on the basis of evaluating a vast set of measurements. A detailed statistical analysis is carried out on 133 test results of cylinders 150 ~ 300 mm in size. The tests have been running in laboratories of the Klokner Institute. A single worker took all specimens throughout the period, and the subsequent measurements of the static modulus of elasticity and the compressive strength of the concrete were performed. The measurements were made at the age of 28 days after specimens casting, and only one testing machine with the same capping method was used. Suitable theoretical models of division are determined on the basis of tests in good congruence, with the use of Z2 and the Bernstein criterion. A set of concrete compressive strength （carried out on 133 test results of cylinders 150 ~ 300 mm after test of static modulus of elasticity） shows relatively high skewness in this specific case. This cause that limited beta distribution is better than generally recommended theoretical distribution for strength the normal or lognormal. The modulus of elasticity is not significantly affected due to skewness because the design value is based on mean value.展开更多
While modem prestressed techniques have improved the torsion properties of high-strength concrete （HSC） composite beams with prestressed steel （PS） boxes, no research has been reported in either the national or in...While modem prestressed techniques have improved the torsion properties of high-strength concrete （HSC） composite beams with prestressed steel （PS） boxes, no research has been reported in either the national or international literature on the an- ti-torque and composite torque properties of this type of beam. With the aim of understanding the torque properties of these beams, this paper presents results of ten comprehensive tests; three of these were based on stirrup spacings and prestressing levels as the main parameters, while the other seven were based on torsional rates. The torsion tests were conducted on the re- sults which established several key parameters, including curves of constant torsion, strain curves of steel torsion, strain distri- bution of steel beams and concrete, curves of bending-moment and mid-span deflection, as well as cross strain distribution.The prestressing impact-factor method was adopted to deduce semiempirical equations for cracking torque in such composite beams. Furthermore, this involves the use of the equation of ultimate torque based on tress-model-theory of the distortion an- gle, the calculated results show good agreement with the measured values. In summary, this paper offers theoretical analysis for future applications of HSC composite beams with PS boxes, and provides both validation of the methods employed and a reference point for on-going research on composite beams and related anti-torque studies.展开更多
Currently, for the analysis of complex bridge based on beam element, the calculation of cross-section torsional inertia moment is still an unresolved technical problem. Most current calculation of section torsional in...Currently, for the analysis of complex bridge based on beam element, the calculation of cross-section torsional inertia moment is still an unresolved technical problem. Most current calculation of section torsional inertia moment is an approximate analytic method for two-dimensional cross-section, which is not fully consistent with the actual situation, and do not consider the effects of diaphragm in bridge. In order to analyze accurately cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and other complex bridge structures based on beam element, the calculation method of section torsional inertia moment based on finite element method (FEM) is invented in this paper. Firstly, setting up local cantilever fine model with solid element or shell element and applying torsion on the end of cantilever. Secondly, calculating the torsion angle of cantilever by FEM method and then the torsional moment through equivalent beam method. Finally, the examples of the section torsional moment calculation of concrete model with solid element with diaphragm and steel girder box model with shell element with diaphragm are used to verify the calculation method, which is applied to the suspension bridge design and construction control special software SBNA developed by Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport. Taizhou Bridge under construction is one of the examples.展开更多
文摘Random behavior of concrete C45/55 XF2 used for prefabricated pre-stressed bridge beams is described on the basis of evaluating a vast set of measurements. A detailed statistical analysis is carried out on 133 test results of cylinders 150 ~ 300 mm in size. The tests have been running in laboratories of the Klokner Institute. A single worker took all specimens throughout the period, and the subsequent measurements of the static modulus of elasticity and the compressive strength of the concrete were performed. The measurements were made at the age of 28 days after specimens casting, and only one testing machine with the same capping method was used. Suitable theoretical models of division are determined on the basis of tests in good congruence, with the use of Z2 and the Bernstein criterion. A set of concrete compressive strength （carried out on 133 test results of cylinders 150 ~ 300 mm after test of static modulus of elasticity） shows relatively high skewness in this specific case. This cause that limited beta distribution is better than generally recommended theoretical distribution for strength the normal or lognormal. The modulus of elasticity is not significantly affected due to skewness because the design value is based on mean value.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50879048)"948" Project of the Ministry of Water Resources of China (Grant No. 201127)
文摘While modem prestressed techniques have improved the torsion properties of high-strength concrete （HSC） composite beams with prestressed steel （PS） boxes, no research has been reported in either the national or international literature on the an- ti-torque and composite torque properties of this type of beam. With the aim of understanding the torque properties of these beams, this paper presents results of ten comprehensive tests; three of these were based on stirrup spacings and prestressing levels as the main parameters, while the other seven were based on torsional rates. The torsion tests were conducted on the re- sults which established several key parameters, including curves of constant torsion, strain curves of steel torsion, strain distri- bution of steel beams and concrete, curves of bending-moment and mid-span deflection, as well as cross strain distribution.The prestressing impact-factor method was adopted to deduce semiempirical equations for cracking torque in such composite beams. Furthermore, this involves the use of the equation of ultimate torque based on tress-model-theory of the distortion an- gle, the calculated results show good agreement with the measured values. In summary, this paper offers theoretical analysis for future applications of HSC composite beams with PS boxes, and provides both validation of the methods employed and a reference point for on-going research on composite beams and related anti-torque studies.
基金National Science and Technology Support Program of China(No.2009BAG15B01)Key Programs for Science and Technology Development of Chinese Transportation Industry(No.2008-353-332-190)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50908211)Scientific Research Item from Ministry of Transport(No.200831822343)
文摘Currently, for the analysis of complex bridge based on beam element, the calculation of cross-section torsional inertia moment is still an unresolved technical problem. Most current calculation of section torsional inertia moment is an approximate analytic method for two-dimensional cross-section, which is not fully consistent with the actual situation, and do not consider the effects of diaphragm in bridge. In order to analyze accurately cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge and other complex bridge structures based on beam element, the calculation method of section torsional inertia moment based on finite element method (FEM) is invented in this paper. Firstly, setting up local cantilever fine model with solid element or shell element and applying torsion on the end of cantilever. Secondly, calculating the torsion angle of cantilever by FEM method and then the torsional moment through equivalent beam method. Finally, the examples of the section torsional moment calculation of concrete model with solid element with diaphragm and steel girder box model with shell element with diaphragm are used to verify the calculation method, which is applied to the suspension bridge design and construction control special software SBNA developed by Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport. Taizhou Bridge under construction is one of the examples.
