The architectural design studio course is generally considered the backbone of any architectural curriculum and follows a particular method of problem solving,which makes it a distinctive course.Graduation projects in...The architectural design studio course is generally considered the backbone of any architectural curriculum and follows a particular method of problem solving,which makes it a distinctive course.Graduation projects in most of the architectural programs are divided into two main phases,namely,research and project phases.Students generate many findings from the research phase that are considered challenges.The research problem emerges when students finish writing the research thesis,and most face difficulty in translating the collected data into actions to engage the initial idea of the project.Therefore,this study aims to high-light the transitional stage between the research and schematic design phases,which is described in this study as the"predesign bridging phase."The goal is to propose a practical strategy for bridging the gap between the research and schematic design phases to facilitate derivation of the design concept from different output variables to enable the creation of a suitable architectural morphological language.The study adopts two research methods.One is proposing a new pedagogical framework and applying it to the architectural graduation design studio at Prince Sultan University in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.The other is conducting a survey among students to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed framework in helping them bridge the gap between the research and schematic design phases.Descriptive and inferential statistics analysis methods are used to analyze the research data and study the correlation between the reflection of the new applied framework in the predesign bridging phase and the students'satisfaction toward the final projects'product and performance in the final critique.This study ends with a conclusion on how the applied teaching strategies facilitate the project starting point and raises the importance of proposing and testing new assessment strategies that are suitable for each phase in the graduation design studio.展开更多
The accelerating electrification has sparked an explosion in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)consumption.As the lifespan declines,the substantial LIBs will flow into the recycling market and promise to spawn a giant recycl...The accelerating electrification has sparked an explosion in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)consumption.As the lifespan declines,the substantial LIBs will flow into the recycling market and promise to spawn a giant recycling system.Nonetheless,since the lack of unified guiding standard and nontraceability,the recycling of end-of-life LIBs has fallen into the dilemma of low recycling rate,poor recycling efficiency,and insignificant benefits.Herein,tapping into summarizing and analyzing the current status and challenges of recycling LIBs,this outlook provides insights for the future course of full lifecycle management of LIBs,proposing gradient utilization and recycling-target predesign strategy.Further,we acknowledge some recommendations for recycling waste LIBs and anticipate a collaborative effort to advance sustainable and reliable recycling routes.展开更多
基金The author is grateful to Prince Sultan University in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia for the financial and technical support.Moreover,the author extends her gratitude to the graduation project students in the Architectural Engineering Department of Prince Sultan University(2018-2019)who participated in this study.
文摘The architectural design studio course is generally considered the backbone of any architectural curriculum and follows a particular method of problem solving,which makes it a distinctive course.Graduation projects in most of the architectural programs are divided into two main phases,namely,research and project phases.Students generate many findings from the research phase that are considered challenges.The research problem emerges when students finish writing the research thesis,and most face difficulty in translating the collected data into actions to engage the initial idea of the project.Therefore,this study aims to high-light the transitional stage between the research and schematic design phases,which is described in this study as the"predesign bridging phase."The goal is to propose a practical strategy for bridging the gap between the research and schematic design phases to facilitate derivation of the design concept from different output variables to enable the creation of a suitable architectural morphological language.The study adopts two research methods.One is proposing a new pedagogical framework and applying it to the architectural graduation design studio at Prince Sultan University in Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.The other is conducting a survey among students to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed framework in helping them bridge the gap between the research and schematic design phases.Descriptive and inferential statistics analysis methods are used to analyze the research data and study the correlation between the reflection of the new applied framework in the predesign bridging phase and the students'satisfaction toward the final projects'product and performance in the final critique.This study ends with a conclusion on how the applied teaching strategies facilitate the project starting point and raises the importance of proposing and testing new assessment strategies that are suitable for each phase in the graduation design studio.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52173246,91963118。
文摘The accelerating electrification has sparked an explosion in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)consumption.As the lifespan declines,the substantial LIBs will flow into the recycling market and promise to spawn a giant recycling system.Nonetheless,since the lack of unified guiding standard and nontraceability,the recycling of end-of-life LIBs has fallen into the dilemma of low recycling rate,poor recycling efficiency,and insignificant benefits.Herein,tapping into summarizing and analyzing the current status and challenges of recycling LIBs,this outlook provides insights for the future course of full lifecycle management of LIBs,proposing gradient utilization and recycling-target predesign strategy.Further,we acknowledge some recommendations for recycling waste LIBs and anticipate a collaborative effort to advance sustainable and reliable recycling routes.
